Unit 13 Future Trends

Word

Definition

Translation

Transcription

alternative

something that is different from something else, especially from what is usual, and offering the possibility of choice

альтернативный

ɒl tɜː.nə.tɪv

automobile

a car

автомобиль

ˈɔː.tə.məʊ .biːl

bored

feeling tired and unhappy because something is not interesting or because you have nothing to do

скучающий

bɔːd

career break

a period of time when you choose not to have a job, for example because you want to travel, or look after your children

перерыв в карьере

kə rɪər breɪk

CEO(chief executive officer)

the person with the most important position in a company

(главный) исполнительный директор

si .i əʊ

chemical

any basic substance which is used in or produced by a reaction involving changes to atoms ormolecules

химикат

kem.ɪ.kəl

climate change

the way the world's weather is changing

изменение климата

klaɪ.mət tʃeɪndʒ

clothing

clothes, especially of a type made to protect the wearer against heat, water or machinery

одежда

kləʊ.ðɪŋ

component

one of several parts of which something is made

компонент; составная часть

kəmˈpəʊ.nənt

concern

when you feel worried or nervous about something, or something that makes you feel worried

вопрос, проблема (вызывающие озабоченность и требующие решения)

kən sɜːn

course

set of classes or a plan of study on a particular subject, usually resulting in an examination or qualification

курс (лекций¸занятий)

kɔːs

despite

without taking any notice of or being influenced by

несмотря на, вопреки чему-л.

dɪˈspaɪt

(to) deteriorate

to become worse

ухудшаться, становиться хуже;

dɪˈtɪə.ri.ə.reɪt

dramatically

suddenly or obviously

разительно, поразительно, значительно

drə mæt.ɪ.kli

economic development

The growth of the economy in a place so that it becomes bigger, more successful, etc.

экономическое развитие

iː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk dɪˈvel.əp.mənt

energy

the power from something such aselectricity or oil, which can do work, such as providing light and heat

энергия

en.ə.dʒi

energy crisis

A bad situation in which it’s difficult or very expensive to get enough fuel to provide the power that homes and industries need

энергетический кризис

en.ə.dʒi  kraɪ.sɪs

estimate

an idea of the cost, size, value etc, of something but without calculating exactly

приблизительная стоимость, оценка

ˈes.tɪ.meɪt

equipment

the set of necessary tools, clothing, etc. for a particular purpose

оборудование; оснащение

ɪˈkwɪp.mənt

(to) exceed

to be greater than a number or amount, or to go past an allowed limit

превышать; переступать пределы, границы;

ik sid

flexibility

the ability to change easily according to the situation

гибкость; трансформируемость;

flek.sɪˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

flexitime

a system of working in which people can change the time they start or finish work

скользящий график

flek.si.taɪm

(to) forecast

to say what you think will happen in the future based on information that you have now

предвидеть, предвосхищать, предсказывать

fɔː.kɑːst

fuel

a substance which is used to provide heat or power, usually by being burned

топливо, горючее

fjʊəl

(to) get up

to wake and rise from one's bed or cause to wake and rise from bed

подниматься, вставать (после сна)

get.ʌp

global

relating to the whole world

всемирный, мировой

gləʊ.bəl

global demand

the desire or need of customers across the world for particular goods or services

мировой спрос

ˈgləʊ.bəl dɪˈmɑːnd

(to) go out

to leave a room or building, especially in order to do something for entertainment

бывать в обществе, выходить «в люди»

gəʊ aʊt

(to) import

to buy or bring in products from another country

импортировать (ввозить в страну товары из-за границы)

ɪm pɔːt

impractical

Impractical arrangements, ideas or methods cannot be done or used easily or effectively

непрактичный

ɪm præk.tɪ.kəl

(to) improve

to make something better than before

улучшать; совершенствовать

ɪmˈpruːv

ink

coloured liquid used for writing, printing and drawing

чернила, краска

ɪŋk

leisure

the time when you are not working or doing other duties

досуг, свободное время

leʒ.ər

(to) lose out

to not have an advantage that other people have

понести убытки

luz aʊt

machinery

a group of large machines or the parts of a machine which make itwork

машинное оборудование;

mə ʃiː.nə.ri

medicine

a substance, especially in the form of a liquid or a pill, which is a treatment for illness or injury

лекарство, медикамент

med.ɪ .sən

(to) meet demands

to satisfy customers’ needs

удовлетворять спрос/требования

mit dɪˈmɑːnd

meeting

an occasion when people come together intentionally

заседание, собрание

mi.tɪŋ

microwave oven

a type of oven that cooks or heats food very quickly suing electromagnetic waves

микроволновая печь

ˈmaɪ.krəʊ .weɪv ˈʌv.ən

(to) miss

to feel sad that a person or thing is not present

скучать (по кому-л.)

Mɪs

mobility

the ability to move freely or be easily moved

подвижность; мобильность

məʊ ˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

(to) modernize

to make something more modern

модернизировать; осовременивать,

mɒd.ən.aɪz

oil shortage

a situation when there’s not enough oil

нехватка нефти

ɔɪl ˈʃɔː.tɪdʒ

outdated

old-fashioned and therefore not as good as something modern

несовременный, устаревший

aʊt deɪ.tɪd

plant

a factory in which machines are used

завод, фабрика

plɑːnt

population growth

an increase in the size of the population (number of people living an a place)

рост населения

pɒp.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən grəʊθ

poverty

the condition of being extremely poor

бедность, нищета

pɒv.ə.ti

(to) predict

to say that something will happen in the future

предсказывать, прогнозировать

prɪˈdɪkt

prediction

when you say what will happen in the future

предсказание; прогноз;

prɪˈdɪk.ʃən

printer

a machine that is connected to a computer and prints onto paper using ink

принтер, печатающее устройство

prɪn.tər

productivity

the rate at which a worker or a country produces goods, compared with how much time, work and money is needed to produce them

производительность, продуктивность

ˌprɒd.ʌkˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

racism

the belief that the members of other races are not as good as the members of your own, or the resulting unfair treatment of members of other races

расизм, расовая дискриминация

reɪ.sɪ.zəm

rapid

fast or sudden

быстрый, скорый, стремительный

ræp.ɪd

regarding

on the subject of

относительно; касательно

rɪˈgɑː.dɪŋ

renewable energy

types of energy that are replaces naturally so can be used without the risk of using them all up

возобновляемый источник энергии

rɪˈnju.ə.bl ˈen.ə.dʒi

representative

someone who speaks or does something officially for another person or group of people

представитель; делегат; уполномоченный

rep.rɪˈzen.tə.tɪv

(to) resist

to refuse to accept or be changed by something

сопротивляться, противостоять

rɪˈzɪst

(to) restructure

to organize a company, business or system in a new way to make it operate more effectively

реструктурировать

ri strʌk.tʃər

(to) run out

to use up or finish a supply of something

кончаться, иссякать

rʌn aʊt

scheme

a plan or system for doing or organizing something

план, проект;

skiːm

sex equality

a situation in which men and women are treated in the same way

равноправие полов

seks ɪˈkwɒl.ɪ.ti

shortage

when there is not enough of something

нехватка, дефицит

ˈʃɔː.tɪdʒ

source

the place something comes from or starts at

источник

sɔːs

(to) substitute

to use something or someone instead of another thing or person

заменять, использовать вместо чего-л.

sʌb.stɪ.tjut

sunlight

the light that comes from the sun

солнечный свет

sʌn.laɪt

supply

an amount of something that is available for use

ресурсы, запас;

sə plaɪ

(to) survive

to continue to live or exist, especially after being in a difficult or threatening situation

выдержать, пережить,

sə vaɪv

(to) take over

to get control of a company by buying most of its shares (= the equal parts into which the ownership of the company is divided)

процесс поглощения (другой компании) ; приобретение контрольного пакета акций

teɪk əʊ.və

teleworking

the practice of working from home, while communicating with your office by telephone, fax or computer

выполнение рабочих функций [заданий] в дистанционном режиме

tel.ɪˌwɜː.kɪŋ

textile

of or relating to fabrics or the making of fabrics

Текстильный

tek.staɪl

timetable

list of the times when events are planned to happen

график (работы и т. п.)

taɪm teɪ.bl

trend

a general direction in which a situation is changing or developing

общее направление, тенденция

trend

Turnover (of staff)

the ratio of the number of workers that had to be replaced in a given time period to the average number of workers

текучесть рабочей силы

tɜːn əʊ.vər

urgency

the quality or condition of being urgent, needing attention

безотлагательность, срочность

ɜː.dʒənt .si

warmth

the state, quality, or sensation of being warm

тепло

wɔːmθ

workforce

all the people who work for a particular company, organization, etc.

рабочая сила

ˈwɜːk.fɔːs

work-life balance

the amount of time you spend doing your job compared with the amount of time you spend with your family and doing things you enjoy

баланс между работой и личной жизнью

wɜːk laɪf  bæl.əns

world supply

the amount of something that is available across the world

общие запасы на мировых рынках

wɜːld səˈplaɪ