Text 18

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COMPUTER GRAPHICS

Computer graphics are images created by a computer. These images include diagrams, cartoon animations, and even highly realistic pictures. The process by which computers draw, colour, shade, and manipulate images is also known as computer graphics. Computer graphics enable us to gather, display, and understand information quickly and effectively. Computer graphics can even produce images of objects and processes that we have no other way of seeing, such as the inside of a molecule or the operation of a black hole.

Computer graphics have numerous uses in a wide variety of field. Businesses follow sales from charts and graphs made by computers. Computer graphics help engineers create and test designs for such products as cars and aircraft. Through computer graphics, architects can view building designs drawn in three dimensions from any angle. Scientists use computer graphics to design new drug moleculas, track weather systems, and test theories that describe how galaxies develop. Doctors use computer images of the inside of the body to locate tumours and other disorders and plan treatment. Computer graphics are also used in art, in the production of cartoons and special effects in films, and in video games.

Computer graphics are created on a computer display screen, which resembles a television screen. The screen consists of thousands of tiny dots called picture elements, or pixels. You can see individual pixels by looking closely at the letters that appear on a computer screen. A computer can turn each pixel on and off like a light bulb to make a pattern. Different combinations of pixels can produce any picture we want.

All computers need a program that tells them what to do. A computer graphics program directs the drawing on a computer’s screen. The program may generate the image itself or it may copy an image from another source.

Do the exercises below.

Exercise 1. Answer the questions below.

1. What is computer graphics?

2. What do computer graphics enable us to do?

3. How do computer graphics help engineers, architects, scientists,

doctors, in art and in businesses?

4. What is the process of computer graphics’ creation?

5. What computer programs are used in computer graphics?

Exercise 2. Complete the sentences from the text.

1. Computer graphics are ... . 2. These images include ... . 3. Computer graphics enable us to ... . 4. Computer graphics can even produce images of objects and processes that we have no other way of ... . 5. Businesses follow sales from ... . 6. Computer graphics help engineers ... . 7. Through computer graphics, architects can ... . 8. Scientists use computer graphics to ... . 9. Doctors use computer images of ... . 10. Computer graphics are also used in ... . 11. Computer graphics are created on ... . 12. The screen consists of ... . 13. A computer can turn each ... . 14. All computers need ... .

Exercise 3. Find English equivalents of the following words from

the text and memorize them:

чорна діра; креслення; вимір; кут; галактика; пухлина; точка; створювати образ.