Text 1 Read text 1 and make the presentation of your own on the topic “Aviation Security”. Aviation Security

S ince 1998, aviation security of Domodedovo International Airport has been ensured by Domodedovo Airport Aviation Security service in the following areas:

• Assurance of security on the territory of the airport complex;

• Inspection of aircraft, passengers, aircraft crew members, ancillary personnel, luggage, and hand luggage;

• Inspection of cargo, mail, and onboard supplies;

• Assurance of the access and internal regime, guarding of aircraft, the airport territory and civil aviation facilities located therein.

Passenger control

Operative security management of the airport terminal and the airport controlled zone perimeter is ensured by the security control center. Visitors of the airport complex are subjected to entry inspection, profiling, and selective checks. The company takes advantage of the newly deployed “Rozysk-Magistral” information system that helps analyze data received from ticket booking and sales systems, passenger check-in systems at Domodedovo airport, as well as databases of law-enforcement structures. The airport terminal building is patrolled by canine enforcement specialists with dogs that have undergone special training in identification of explosives. The terminal halls, production areas, and check-in points are monitored by audio and video surveillance systems around the clock. Security areas have been organized in front of the terminal building and around other airport facilities. Automotive vehicles are authorized to stop for a short time only in order to load/unload passengers. Parking within the security areas is forbidden. At the moment, the company is testing an automatic system of video registration of mmobile (abandoned) objects that sends alert signals to the control console of the security center operator.

Task I. Find the English equivalents to the following.

Обеспечение безопасности на авиалиниях; члены экипажа; выборочная проверка; система бронирования и заказа авиабилетов; регистрация пассажиров; правоохранительные структуры; обнаружение взрывчатых веществ; системы слежения; специалисты-кинологи; система видео-регистрации удаленных объектов.

Task II. Answer the following questions.

1. What are the main areas Domodedovo Airport Aviation Security ensures?

2. What are visitors of the airport complex subjected to?

3. What helps analyze data received from ticket booking and sales systems, passenger check-in systems at Domodedovo airport?

4. Who patrolled the airport terminal building?

5. What is monitored by audio and video surveillance systems around the clock?

6. What is forbidden within the security areas?

Task III. Problem question.

Why do you think Domodedovo Airport Aviation Security system was taken into force?

Task IV. Be ready to describe all the measures which can help terrorists’ attempts and potential smugglers’ activities.

Pre-flight passenger inspection

Each passenger is subjected to careful pre-flight inspection within passenger check-in zones. The standard inspection technology includes the following mandatory procedures:

• Inspection of passengers using stationary and handheld metal detectors;

• Tactile inspection;

• Inspection of footwear and hand luggage using an X-Ray introscope;

• Manual inspection of small objects and personal items carried in garment pockets.

In addition to standard inspection technologies, in-depth inspection technologies are also used to identify objects and substances forbidden onboard aircraft. For that purpose gas analyzers and X-Ray scanners are used. Old introscopes used to inspect passengers’ hand luggage have been replaced with newer models.

Manual detectors of explosives and narcotic substances (Vapor Tracers) are also used. These devices are lightweight, easy to use, and are extremely sensitive to even microscopic traces of explosives and narcotic substances. X-Ray control systems are installed and successfully operated in each passenger check-in sector. These systems help identify any objects, substances, and weapons, including plastic weapons and explosives, forbidden onboard aircraft, that may be hidden in passengers’ clothes or carried on or inside their bodies.

Task V. Finish the following sentences using the text.

1. The standard inspection technology includes ______.

2. Gas analyzers and X-Ray scanners are used to ______.

3. ‘Vapor Tracers’ are ______.

4. X-Ray control systems help ______.

5. Each passenger is subjected to ______.

Peculiarities of these systems:

• They can see objects even on the backdrop of examinees’ densest body parts;

• They emit extremely low radiation doses (not more than 1.0 micro-sievert);

• They can reproduce a full height human image;

• They take a very short time to complete an inspection (not more than five seconds);

• The inspection process is remotely controlled.

Task VI. Describe peculiarities of the X-Ray control systems.

Luggage inspection At the moment, 100% of all luggage pieces are inspected by introscopes that are built directly into luggage conveyors. To improve inspection quality, enhance operators’ vigilance, and provide on-the-job training, all luggage and hand luggage inspection devices use equipped with software that imitates dangerous enclosures and tests operators of the inspection systems (TIP Net). With the probability determined by the Administrator, the system “plants” dangerous items (more than 10,000 varieties of cold steel, firearms, and explosives) into pieces of luggage and hand luggage. In 2006, the company launched operation of the first in Russia automated luggage processing system (the Baggage Sorting System - BSS). The processing capacity of the BSS is 2.5 times that of the currently operated system and amounts to 7,000 luggage pieces per hour. A 100% security assurance technology that encompasses five security control levels – Hold Baggage Screening (HBS) – is integrated into the BSS. The following modern technologies are used at each of the system’s inspection levels:

• Introscopes which are able to identify explosives.

• Computer tomographs.

• Devices that use the X-Ray diffraction method.

• This multilevel system will ensure the maximum probability of identifying weapons and explosives in passengers’ luggage.

Task VII. Find the English equivalents to the following.

Бдительность; опасные предметы; автоматизированная система проверки и оформления багажа; пропускная способность; включать 5 уровней контроля безопасности; обнаруживать взрывчатые вещества; компьютерная томография; устройства, работающие на рентген-излучении.

Task VIII. Answer the following questions.

1. What is used to improve inspection quality?

2. How does TIP Net work?

3. Can you describe the mechanism of the Baggage Sorting System (BSS)?

4. What are the modern technologies used at each of the system’s inspection levels?

Control over transportation vehicles “Yantar” radiation control systems installed at the points of entry to the controlled airport area and customs clearance points are integrated into a network and enable the security service to operatively and adequately respond to attempts of illegal relocation of radioactive materials. The airport uses the hardware and software suite “Potok” which is designed to read license plate numbers of motor vehicles entering the controlled airport area and automatically check them against databases. When an automobile passes a check point its license plate number is automatically identified, entered into a special registry, and checked on account of being listed in various databases, such as, for instance, the operative database of missing vehicles, stolen vehicles, etc. The check points are equipped with technical means that are used to forcibly stop motor vehicles and prevent unauthorized vehicles from entering the controlled airport area.

Task IX. Describe the following advanced engineering and technical devices:

Operating conditions	“Yantar”	“Potok”
Technical characteristics (operating features)
Areas of application
Effectiveness

Task X. Be ready to prove the effectiveness of the technical devices: “Yantar”, “Potok” (See text and table above).

Task XI. Revise Parts I – V. Summarize all the information and be ready to review the text “Aviation Security”.

Text 2

Task I. Read texts 2-3 and make the presentation of your own on the topic “Customs Control of the Vehicles and Cargo”.