Ex. 8 Speak on the following topics:
The Queen and her role in the country.
The House of Lords.
The House of Commons.
The structure of the Government.
The political parties.
POLITICAL SYSTEM OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
The United States of America is a federative republic. The independence of the USA was declared in 1776, and thirteen states entered the federation. From 1959 the federation comprises 50 states. The federal district of Columbia with the capital of the country, Washington, is an independent territorial unit.
The United States Constitution, written in 1787 , established a government of three branches - legislative, executive and judicial. The president carries out many duties as head of the executive branch of the government. He is also Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the USA. The president and vice-president are elected for a term of four years. No person can be elected to the office of president more than twice. The White House is the presidents official residence.
The Congress is the legislative body of the United States. It consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Members of the House of Representatives, 435 in number, are chosen every second year. Senators are elected for a term of six years, two senators from each state. One-third of the Senate is renewed every two years.
The Constitution guarantees rights, freedom and justice to all. It consists of a Preamble, seven articles and twenty six amendments. The first ten of them are called the Bill of Rights. Because of the Bill of Rights, police cannot stop and search or arrest a person without good reason, nor can they search anyone's home without clear cause and the permission of a court.
The states have legislative and executive bodies of their own. Their structure, function and competence are determined by the constitution of each state. But state laws must not conflict with the Constitution of the country.
There are two main parties in the United States: the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. They have no permanent membership, nor their programs differ greatly. Membership is determined by election vote.
Vocabulary:
federal (syn. federative)- федеральный, (федеративный)
federation- федерация
unit- единица
district of Columbia- округ Колумбия
the office- служба; должность
Senate – сенат
the House of Representatives- палата представителей
to renew- возобновлять
to guarantee- гарантировать
Preamble- преамбула, вступление, предисловие
amendment- поправка (к закону), исправление
to search- искать, обыскивать, исследовать
cause (syn. reason)- причина
reason- причина, довод, основание
to permit- разрешать, позволять; допускать
permission- разрешение
court- суд
to determine- определять
permanent- постоянный, неизменный
Ex. 9 Read and translate the words into Russian
Republic, declaration, federation, territory, vice-president, army, person, residence, congress, senator, preamble, bill, police, arrest, structure, function, competence, conflict.
Ex. 10 Translate into Russian. Define the parts of the speech
Independence, federative, territorial, legislation, judicial, government, election, permission, law, membership, federation, legislative, member, police, court, independent.
Ex.11 Translate the word-combinations into Russian
The independence of the USA, the capital of the country, a government of three branches, the legislative branch of the government, the duties of the president, the elections of the vice-president, the Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the USA, the office of president, the official residence of the president, the House of Representatives, the executive body of the USA, a term of four years, the Constitution of the USA, arrest of a person, permission of a court.
Ex.12 Open the brackets and put the verbs into the right forms. Define the Voice of the verbs
The independence of the USA (to declare) in 1776.
The federation (to include) 50 states.
The Constitution of the USA (to write) in 1787.
The President (to carry out) many duties as head of the executive branch of the government.
The senators (to elect) for a term of six years.
The Constitution (to guarantee) the rights, freedom and justice to all.
The Congress (to consist of) the Senate and the House of Representatives.