Глава 2. Выявленные лексемы.

2.1. Выявленные лексемы.

Ниже представлен глоссарий релевантный теме «Здравоохранение».

Врачебные специальности узкого профиля:

1. Dental therapist – someone whose job is to treat people’s teeth.

2. Dental hygienist – a person who works with a dentist and cleans people's teeth to keep them healthy.

3. Midwife – a specially trained nurse whose job is to help women when they are having a baby.

4. Gynaecologist – a doctor who treats a medical condition and illnesses that affect women’s bodies.

5. Pharmacist – someone whose job is to prepare medicines in a shop or restaurant.

6. Ophthalmic optician – someone who tests people’s eyes and provides people with glasses.

7. Dispensing optician – a person whose job is fitting and selling glasses and contact lenses to correct sight problems, but who does not examine people's eyes.

8. Occupation orthoptist … – someone who treats squint by training eyes’ muscles.

9. Chiropodist – someone who is trained to examine and treat foot injuries and diseases.

10. Dietitian – someone who is trained to give people advice about what it is healthy for them to eat and drink.

11. Physiotherapist – someone whose job is to give physiotherapy.

12. Radiographer – someone whose job is to take x-ray photographs of the insides of peoples bodies, or who treats people for illnesses using an x-ray machine.

13. Consultant – a very senior doctor in a hospital, with a lot of knowledge about a particular area of medicine.

14. Specialist – a doctor with special knowledge about a particular illness, part of the body, or type of treatment.

Общее лечение:

15. GP (general practitioner) – a doctor who is trained in general medicine and treats people in a particular area or town.

16. Сlinician – a doctor who treats and examines people, rather than one who does research.

17. Health visitor – a nurse in Britain who visits people in their homes.

18. District nurse – a person who is employed in a particular area to care for people who are ill or injured, often visiting them in their homes.

19. Midwifery – the skill or work as a midwife.

Медицинское оборудование:

20. Syringe – an instrument for taking blood from someone's body or putting liquid, drugs etc into it, consisting of a hollow plastic tube and a needle.

21. Drip – a piece of equipment used in hospitals for putting liquids directly into your blood.

Методы обследования:

22. Screening – medical tests that are done on a lot of people to make sure that they do not have a particular decease.

23. Ultrasound – a medical process using special sound waves, that produces an image of something inside your body.

Лечение:

24. Obstetrics – the area of medicine which deals with pregnancy and the birth of babies.

25. Antenatal – related to the medical care given to women who are going to have a baby.

26. Emergency treatment – medical treatment given to someone when they have been injured or become ill suddenly.

27. Occupational therapy – a way of treating mentally or physically ill people by getting them to do special activities.

28. Physiotherapy – treatment that uses special exercises, rubbing, heat etc to treat medical conditions and problems with muscles.

29. Immunization – a process of giving a person or animal protection against a particular disease by introducing a special substance into their body, usually by injection.

30. Chemotherapy – the use of drugs to control and try to cure cancer.

Хирургическое вмешательство:

31. Open heart surgery – a medical operation in which the body is cut open and the heart is repaired, while the body's blood is kept flowing by a machine.

Медикаменты:

32. Medication – medicine or drugs given to people who are ill.

33. Remedy – a medicine to cure an illness or pain that is not very serious.

34. Dose – the amount of a medicine or a drug that you should take.

35. Iodine – a dark blue chemical substance that is used on wounds to prevent infection. It is a chemical element: symbol “I”.

36. Hypnotic – a drug that helps you to sleep (sleeping pill).

37. Vaccine – a substance which contains a form that is not harmful of a virus or bacterium and which is given to a person or animal to prevent them from getting the disease which the virus or bacterium causes.

38. Booster – a small quantity of a drug that increases the effect of one that was given before, so that someone continues to be protected against a disease.

39. Capsule – a plastic container shaped like a very small tube with medicine inside that you swallow whole.

40. Fluoride – a chemical which is believed to help protect teeth against decay.

41. Over-the-counter – over-the-counter drugs can be obtained without a prescription (=a written order) from a doctor.

Состояние здоровья:

42. Handicapped – not able to use part of your body or your mind because it has been damaged in some way.

43. Rash – a lot of red spots on someone's skin, caused by an illness.

44. Equilibrium – a state of mental calmness.

45. Reaction – if you have a reaction to a drug or to something you have eaten, it makes you ill.

46. Come round – to become conscious again after you have been unconscious.

Поступление больного в учреждение здравоохранения:

47. Registration – when a name or information is recorded on an official list.

Показатели смертности среди пациентов:

48. Infant mortality – deaths of babies under one year old.

Профилактические мероприятия:

49. Sanitation – the systems for taking dirty water and other waste products away from buildings in order to protect people's health.

Возбудители болезней:

50. Bacteria – a type of very small organisms that live in air, earth, water, plants and animals, often one which causes a disease.

ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ

Целью данной работы было описание системы здравоохранения в Британии и выявление лексем в статьях, относящиеся к описываемому понятию.

Проанализировав теоретический материал, мы пришли к следующим выводам. Системы здравоохранения в Британии является организацией, управляемой нецентрализованно, но спонсирующейся со средств централизованного налогообложения населения.

Возможными угрозами существующей системе могут являться повышение стоимости новейшего медицинского оборудования и рост числа стареющего населения.

Лексика, использованная для рассмотрения в изученном дискурсе, выражается в следующем процентном соотношении [прил. 4]:

• 92 % - существительные;

• 6% - прилагательные;

• 2% - глаголы.

Лексемы релевантные теме «Здравоохранение» могут быть распределены на следующие двенадцать подтем:

1. Врачебные специальности узкого профиля (14);

2. Медикаменты (10);

3. Лечение (7);

4. Общее лечение (5);

5. Состояние здоровья (5);

6. Медицинское оборудование (2);

7. Методы обследования (2);

8. Хирургическое вмешательство (1);

9. Поступление больного в учреждение здравоохранения (1);

10. Показатели смертности среди пациентов (1);

11. Профилактические мероприятия (1);

12. Возбудители болезней (1).

БИБЛИОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ СПИСОК

1. Britannica [Электронный ресурс]: encyclopedia – Режим доступа : http://www.britannica.com/

2. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English / LONGMAN – 2082c.

3. NHS Choises [Электронный ресурс]: official homepage – Режим доступа : http://www.nhs.uk/Pages/HomePage.aspx

4. Большой толковый словарь русского языка. - 1-е изд-е: СПб.: Норинт. С. А. Кузнецов. 1998.

5. Комаровская С.Д. Социальное Обеспечение в Великобритании = Social Welfare in Britain: учебник / С.Д. Комаровская – С. 15-16