Раздел II упражнения
I. Прочтите текст и найдите в нём предложения, где говорится о:
– географическом положении и границах России;
– водных ресурсах Российской Федерации;
– природных богатствах страны;
– климате и его особенностях в разных частях страны;
– самых крупных городах и морских портах России.
THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Russia is one of the largest countries in the world. It occupies half of Europe and one third of Asia. Its total area is 17 million square kilometres. When the residents of the Far East hurry to work in the morning, the residents of Moscow hurry to the evening shows.
Russia borders on twelve countries on land: in the West it borders on Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Byelorussia, the Ukraine; in the south it borders on Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, the People's Democratic Republic of Korea. Twelve seas wash the shores of Russia.
Russia is rich in water resources. It has a number of lakes and rivers. The largest river in the European part of the country is the Volga, and the largest river in the Asian part of the country is the Lena. Lake Baikal is the deepest fresh-water lake in the world and the largest one is the Caspian sea.
Russia is one of the richest countries in the world in natural resources.
The climate of Russia differs from one part to another. In the south-west the weather is usually mild and wet; northern Asia is the coldest place; but in the middle of the country the climate is moderate and continental. Russia is a producer of heavy machines, agricultural machines, airplanes, lorries and cars, tractors, trench-diggers, refrigerators, railway carriages, ships and boats, TV and radio sets and a lot of other things.
The largest cities in Russia are Moscow, St. Petersburg, Volgograd, Krasnodar, Nizhniy Novgorod, Voronezh. The largest seaports are Murmansk, Vladivostok, Kaliningrad, Novorossiysk. The Black Sea is a very popular place for people who prefer to spend their holidays at the seaside.
THE
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
II. Прочтите текст и ответьте на русском языке на следующие вопросы:
1. В какой части США климат наиболее холодный?
2. Каковы погодные условия в центральных и восточных районах США?
3. В каком штате США температура воздуха летом и зимой умеренная?
4. Каким бывает летний период в США?
5. В каких районах самое жаркое лето?
ON CLIMATE AND WEATHER OF THE USA
The USA is a large country and the climate varies from the tropical in Hawaii to the subarctic in Alaska. Year-long temperatures are lower in the northern and north-eastern states and higher in the southern and western states. Humidity1 is higher in the east than in the west.
West coast winters are mild and rainy except in southern California, where they are mild but drier. In central and eastern regions the weather is very changeable in winter. It may rain in the morning and snow in the evening when the north wind begins blowing. The southern coasts of Alaska have moderate temperatures in both winter and summer.
Summer temperatures also vary from region to region. In many places in southern Arizona and California the average daily temperature is above 40oC. Summers are very hot and humid on the eastern coast; they are dry and hot in most continental areas and cool along the western coast.
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1. humidity n – влажность