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Курс лексикологии английского языка 2012-2013 уч.г.

преподаватель: Сорокина Ирина Германовна

Материалы текущего контроля.

Вопросы к итоговому контролю и образцы заданий.

Think about your answers to the questions that follow:

Theme 1

Lexicology as a branch of linguistics.

1.What is the place of lexicology as a branch of linguistics among its other branches?

2.What is lexicology concerned with?

3.What are the two approaches to the study of language material?

4.How is lexicology linked with other linguistic sciences?

5.What is the basic unit of language system?

Theme 2

Semasiology. Word Meaning. Two approaches to Word-meaning. Types of Meaning

1.What is the subject-matter of semasiology?

2.How does the referential approach explain what word-meaning is? What deficiencies of this approach do its critics point out?

3.How is meaning understood in the functional approach?

4.How is word-meaning viewed in Russian linguistics?

5.How do we understand types of meaning? What are the two main types of meaning?

6.What components is lexical meaning composed of?

7.What are the two parts of the connotational component of meaning? Illustrate it by examples.

Word-meaning and Meaning in Morphemes. Word-meaning and motivation. Change of meaning. Causes and Nature of Semantic Change

1.How do we call the smallest two-facet language unit, possessing both the sound-form and the meaning?

2.What types of meaning are there in morphemes?

3.What morphemes possess lexical meaning? Do we distinguish denotational and connotational components in the lexical meaning of morphemes?

4.How do you understand differential and distributional meanings? Give examples.

5.How are the part-of-speech and functional meanings related in derivational morphemes? Give examples.

6.How do you understand morphological motivation, phonetic motivation, semantic motivation?

7.Does the meaning of words tend to change in the course of the historical development of language?

8.What are the causes of semantic change? Give examples.

9.What is the nature of the process of semantic change? How do you understand similarity of meanings, contiguity of meanings? Give examples.

10.What are the results of semantic change? How do you understand the restriction and the extension of meaning? Give examples.

11.Do we observe the changes only in the denotational component of meaning or in the connotational as well? Give examples.

Meaning and Polysemy. Semantic Structure of the Word. Polysemy and Homonymy. Classification of Homonyms

1.What is a monosemantic word? And a polysemantic?

2.What problem do lexicologists have to deal with when analysing polysemantic words?

3.How is polysemy understood when it is viewed diachronically? What is the primary meaning and the secondary meanings of a word?

4.What is the main source of polysemy?

5.How is polysemy understood when it is viewed syncronically? What is the basic meaning and the minor meanings of a word?

6.What may we consider to be an objective criterion of the comparative value of individual meanings when a polysemantic word is analysed syncronycally?

7.How can the notion of stylistic reference be applied to polysemantic words?

8.Which meaning of a polysemantic word is representative of the whole semantic structure of a word?

9.How can you prove that the semantic structure of a word has an arbitrary character?

Homonymy

1.How are homonyms traditionally defined?

2.What is homonymy of words and homonymy of word-forms? Give examples.

3.How is homonymy different from polysemy?

4.What classifications of homonyms are there? What are homographs, homophones, perfect/proper homonyms?

5.What are the sources of homonymy?

6.What are the criteria for distinguishing between homonymy and polysemy?

Semantic Classification of Words. Semantic Field. Word-Families. Synonymy. Antonymy

1.Why does the problem of classification of the English word-stock arise?

2.What do we understand by the term “semantic field”? What principle underlies classification of words into conceptual or semantic fields?

3.What does the term “lexico-semantic group” mean?

4.What does the term “hyponymy” mean? What is a hyponym and a hyperonym?

5.How are lexical units classified by the criterion of semantic similarity and semantic contrast?

6.How are synonyms traditionally defined? Why is this definition subject to criticism?

7.Speak on the patterns of synonymic sets.

8.How are antonyms traditionally defined? Why is this definition open to criticism?

9. What are contradictories and contraries?

10.What are word-families (word-clusters)?

11.May etymologically different words be included in a word-family?