1. Introduction

1.1. General remarks

The subject (matter) of the paper/ study / analysis / research /discussion is…

The present paper /investigation focuses on /deals with…

is devoted to the question /problem /issue of…

undertakes to survey /identify the structure of…

considers what factors/ processes influence…

In this article the author aims to determine /attempts to explain the mechanisms of..

is intended to give/ show/ develop/ provide/ record…

examines the nature/ characteristics/ features/ functions of...

concentrates on/ argue that/ review…

turns to examples of…

1.2. Summary lead

The structure of the article is as follows. The first part reviews/ describes/ clarifies/ outlines/ sketches… Part two portrays/ dwells on/ enlarges upon/ shows that… Part three argues that… The final part proposes/ summarizes/ spells out in detail…

In this article the author reviews/ debates the problem (and advantages) of… and argues that… He claims/ demonstrates/ suggests that (insufficient attention has been paid to)… In particular, the author shows that…

In this article, the author attempts to clarify the relation of… and … To do so, he first presents… He then attempts to show that… In conclusion … is considered.

This paper presents a new (complex/ algorithmic/ structural) approach to the study of… The empirical results are described in part one. In part two, the author addresses/ discusses/ characterizes/ comments on/ specifies… Part three turns to…/ presents theoretical results. Part four concludes with a discussion of implications/ consequences of…

This article proposes a new methodological framework within which … can be studied. After analyzing the data, it is concluded that… The results of the study are evaluated and assessed in the light of the problems of… Additionally, … is examined.

2. Positive comments

The author’s investigation is an accurate/ comprehensive/ convincing analysis of..

is a profound/ thorough description of…

supports the theory of…

The author’s study/ analysis sheds new light on…

The author’s theory/ proposal sounds attractive/ is elegant.

proved to be successful.

The author’s approach is quite/ highly creative/ effective/ fruitful/ innovative/

sophisticated/ sound.

The author offers in depth discussions on topics involving…

The article opens prospects for further study of…/casts a new light on the question.

Gives rise to theoretical discussion/ provokes reflection.