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2.5. Practice

LANGUAGE FOCUS

2.5.1. Here is the list of some abbreviations, which relate to the uk’s political and economic profile. Try to guess what they mean. Consult a dictionary if needed.

EU PPP GDP G7 OECD IMF UK HM

2.5.2. Read the extract and fill in prepositions or conjunctions wherever necessary. Translate the text. Give the text the appropriate heading.

___________________________________

Although 23 percent of the UK’s territory is considered to be arable land, vast plots of agricultural land have remained uncultivated. Many critics have blamed subsidies provided __(1)__ the EU Common Agricultural Policy __(2)__ the lack of agricultural activity __(3)__ these lands. Apart __(4)__ its arable land, the UK also has a supply __(5)__ natural resources. The UK's primary industry sector was once dominated __(6)__ coal, which could be found __(7)__ south Wales, Midlands, Yorkshire, North East England and southern Scotland. However, __(8)__ 1981, the production of coal has fallen drastically __(9)__ more than 75 percent. __(10)__ 1981, the UK was the 4th largest coal producing nation __ (11)__ the world – today the UK is ranked 15th.

Iron ore production has also played an important role __(12)__ UK’s industries. As the primary element __(13)__ steel, iron ore production supports the UK’s steel and manufacturing industries. __(14)__ manufacturing, it also assists __(15)__ the production __(16)__ automobile and aerospace equipment.

The UK also has the 30th largest proven oil reserves and the 39th largest proven natural gas reserves __(17)__ the world. Oil mining activities are concentrated __(18)__ the east coast of Scotland and North East England. The waters __(19)__ the North Sea __(20)__ the east coast of Scotland contain nearly half __(21)__ the UK's remaining oil reserves. Most natural gas production is also located __(22)__ the North Sea, __(23)__ a small amount onshore and __(24)__ the Irish Sea. However, due __(25)__ its limited supply, the UK is a net importer __(26)__ both oil and natural gas.

Presently, a North-South divide exists __(27)__ the UK, due to a gradual shift __(28)__ the economic focus. __(29)__ stark contrast __(30)__ Southern UK, which contains the wealthy financial and technological industries, Northern England and Scotland have seen poor economic performance __(31)__ the years due to its industrial roots. Although the UK government has sought to rectify this imbalance, the uneven distribution __(32)__ economic wealth __(33)__the UK has led __(34)__ migration __(35)__ the north __(36)__ the south – resulting __(37)__ a housing market problem.

The population __(38)__ the UK __(39)__ 2010 was 62.222 million. __(40)__ of this population, 18.0 percent are aged __(41)__ fifteen, 66.3 percent are __(42)__ the ages of fifteen and sixty four, while 15.7 percent are aged sixty-five and above. The age groups are not evenly distributed __(43)__ the country, __(44)__ some areas having many young adults and children and some areas having large numbers of older people.

The UK has the fourth highest labor force participation rate in the world, __(45)__ 28.988 million workers. However, unemployment remains high in the UK __(46)__ 7.841 percent, and is likely to remain so __(47)__ the wake of the UK’s austerity plans. The UK government has warned that nearly half a million jobs could be lost __(48)__ the public sector alone as the government continues its cut (49) ____ public spending.

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