8. Make questions with have to.

1. Tom had to repeat the last paragraph once more. - Why…

2. She has to make the report at the conference. - When…

3. We had to answer a lot of questions at the examination.- How many…

4. Nick had to pay a fine. - How much…

5. They will have to spend a lot of time in the institute next week. – Why…

6. We are exhausted. We have had to do all the calculations. – How many…

9. You are giving advice to your friend. Use should or shouldn’t.

1. Your friend can’t do the presentation. 2. Your friend has just been offered a job. 3. Your friend can’t make the graph. 4. Your friend doesn’t have all the necessary equipment to do the experiment. 5. Your friend drives the car without a driver’s license.

10. Complete with the correct form of must, have to, or should.

1. You… repair this device yourself. It’s dangerous. 2. I … go to work because it’s Sunday. 3. This offer is perfect for you. You … accept it. 4. We … attend all the lectures. I hate it. 5. I … remember to recharge the battery. 6. We were tired. We … process the measurements. 7. You … work too much on the computer. It’s not good for your eyes. 8. My friend presented all the charts and diagrams. I … do anything. 9. My computer broke down so I ... phone the service.

11. You are working in the laboratory and you’ve got an emergency situation. In pairs, decide what you have to, should, don’t have to, shouldn’t, mustn’t do.

1. A student’s clothes have caught fire 2. One of the counters is on fire. 3. There’s a lot of smoke inside the laboratory room and you can’t identify the source of fire. 4. An individual has inhaled too much carbon monoxide and fainted. 5. An individual has got an electric shock. 6. A student has a minor cut. 7. You are in the middle of the experiment and you can hear an emergency evacuation alarm.

Listening (1.b)

Listen to the conversation and answer the questions.

1) Where does the conversation take place?

2) What is the main topic of the conversation?

3) What does the teacher say about: a) clothes, b) shoes, c) hair?

4) What do you have to do if you spill chemical on your skin?

5) Why do you have to read labels twice?

6) What else mustn’t you do, according to the speaker?

Speaking (1)

What are the most important safety rules that every laboratory worker must know? Discuss with your partner and agree on the top five.

Writing (1)

Write a leaflet for physics students to work safely in the laboratory. Use the necessary modal verbs.

PART II Home, Sweet Home

Warm up (2)

1. Thanks to the achievements in new technologies our life is becoming more and more comfortable and easier but is it getting safer? What harm can house appliances do to their owners (a gas stove, a computer, a telephone, a microwave oven)? What instructions should people follow using them? What mustn’t they do?

2. This is a list of some things and substances which can be dangerous. Arrange them to the degree of their danger. Justify your point of view.

carpets solvents cigarette smoke cleaners dry-clean clothes shower