- •Stylistics as a branch of linguistics. The problem of stylistic research
- •Types of stylistic research (together with branches of Stylistics)
- •Interrelation of Stylistics with other linguistic branches
- •Stylistic neutrality and stylistic coloring. Denotation and connotation. Inherent and adherent connotation
- •Connotative meaning types / components
- •Standard structure of fictional narrative communication. ‘Covert’ and ‘overt’ narrators. The problem of narrator’s relationship to the story. Genette’s narrative types. Lanser’s rule
- •2. Heterodiegetic narrative
- •Scene and summary as narrative modes. Description and commentary as narrative modes
- •Semantics, semasiology, onomasiology, their links to stylistics
- •Tropes (brief outline: definition, classification). Figures of quantity
- •Tropes. Figure of quality
- •The structure of metaphor. Types of metaphor
- •Semantic figures of co-occurrence – figures of identity and contrast
- •Semantic figures of co-occurrence – figures of inequality: pun, zeugma, tautology, pleonasm.
- •Functional Styles. Different approaches to functional styles classification
- •5. Scientific Style: нетю)))))))
- •Lexical features of Colloquial Style, Familiar Colloquial Style, Publicist style, The Style of Official Documents and Scientific Style
- •Syntactical and compositional Features of Colloquial Style, Familiar Colloquial Style, Publicist style, The Style of Official Documents and Scientific Style
- •The classification of syntactical stylistic devices by prof.Screbnev (the general survey)
- •Types of repetition
- •Syntactical stylistic devices: parallelism, chiasm; inversion and its types
- •Semantic figures of co-occurrence – figures of inequality: specifiers, climax, anti-climax.
- •Phonographical stylistic devices
- •Stylistic phraseology. Stylistic differentiation of phraseological units. Usual and occasional phraseological units, their stylistic function
- •Narratology as a branch of linguistics. Types of narration and main compositional forms
5. Scientific Style: нетю)))))))
Morphological
1. Literary Colloquial Style: use of regular morphological features, with interception of evaluative suffixes (deary, doggie).
2. Familiar Colloquial Style: a) use of evaluative suffixes, nonce words formed on morphological and phonetic analogy with other nominal words (baldish, hanky-panky, helter-skelter), b) extensive use of collocations and phrasal verbs instead of neutral and literary equivalents (to turn in instead of to go to bed).
3. Publicist style: a) frequent use of non-finite verb forms, such as gerund, participle, infinitive, b) use of non-perfect verb forms, c) omission of articles, link verbs, auxiliaries, pronouns, especially in headlines and news items.
4. Style of Official Documents: adherence to the norm, sometimes outdated or even archaic (legal documents).
5. Scientific Style: a) terminological word building and word-derivation: neologism formation by affixation and conversion, b) restricted use of finite verb forms, c) use of “the author’s we” instead of I, d) frequent use of impersonal constructions.
Lexical features of Colloquial Style, Familiar Colloquial Style, Publicist style, The Style of Official Documents and Scientific Style
Literary Colloquial Style:
1. Wide range of vocabulary strata in accordance with the register of communication and participants’ roles: formal and informal, neutral and bookish, terms and foreign words. 2. stylistically neutral vocabulary.3. use of socially accepted contracted forms and abbreviations (TV, fridge, CD) 4. use of etiquette language and conversational formulas (nice to see you) 5. extensive use of intensifiers and gap-fillers (absolutely, definitely) 6. use of interjections and exclamations (dear me, well, oh) 7. extensive use of phrasal verbs 8. use of words of indefinite meaning like stuff, thing 9. avoidance of slang, vulgarisms, dialect words, jargon 10. use of phraseological expressions, idioms and figures of speech.
Familiar Colloquial Style
1. combination of neutral, familiar and low colloquial vocabulary, including slang, vulgar and taboo words. 2. extensive use of words of general meaning, specified in meaning by situation (guy, job). 3. abundance of specific colloquial interjections (boy, wow). 4. use of hyperbola, epithets, evaluative vocabulary, dead metaphors and simile. 5. tautological substitution of personal pronounces and names by other nouns (you-baby. Johnny-boy). 6. mixture of curse words and euphemisms (damn, dash, shoot).
Publicist style
newspaper clichés and phrases. 2. terminological variety (scientific, sports, political etc.).3. abbreviations and acronyms. 4. numerous proper names, toponyms, names of enterprises, institutions.5. abstract notion words, elevated and bookish words. 6..in headlines (frequent use of pun violated phraseology, vivid stylistic devices). 7. in oratory speech (elevated and bookish words, colloquial words and phrases, frequent use of metaphor, alliteration, allusion, irony etc.) .8. use of conventional forms of address and trite phrases.
Style of Official Documents
1. prevalence of stylistically neutral and bookish words. 2. use of terminology. 3. use of proper names and titles. 4. abstraction of persons (use of party instead of the name). 5.officialese vocabulary (clichés, opening and conclusive phrases). 6. conventional and archaic words. 7. foreign words, especially Lain and French. 8. abbreviations, contractions, conventional symbols (M.P.). 9. use of words in their primary meaning. 10. absence of tropes. 11.seldom use of substitute words (it, on, that).
Scientific Style
1. extensive use of bookish words (presume, infer). 2. abundance of scientific terminology and phraseology. 3. use of numerous neologisms. 4. abundance of proper names. 5. restricted use of emotive coloring, interjections, expressive phraseology, phrasal verbs, colloquial vocabulary. 6. seldom use of tropes, such as metaphor, hyperbole, simile etc.