6. Условные придаточные предложения

№	Тип предложения	Придаточное предложение	Главное предложение
0	Общее условие – то, что происходит обычно или всегда. На русский язык переводится будущим/ настоящим временем	Настоящие времена (Present) If you press this key Если ты нажмешь/ нажимаешь эту кнопку	Настоящие времена (Present) the game starts игра начинается
I	Реальное условие, на русский язык переводится будущим временем	Настоящие времена (Present) If we buy this application Если мы купим это приложение	Будущие времена (Future) will/modal verbs we will get a discount мы получим скидку
№	Тип предложения	Придаточное предложение	Главное предложение
II	Нереальное условие в настоящем и будущем, на русский язык переводится «если бы, то бы»	Прошедшие времена (Past Indefinite or Continuous) If they chose option 1 Если бы они выбрали вариант 1	would (should) + Infinitive (V)/ modal verbs it would cost more он стоил бы дороже
III	Нереальное условие в прошлом, на русский язык переводится «если бы, то бы»	Прошедшее совершенное (Past Perfect) had Ved (III) If we had changed our operating system last month Если бы мы поменяли нашу операционную систему в прошлом месяце	would (should) + have Ved (III)/ modal verbs we would have used a single database мы бы пользовались единой базой данных (тогда)

_{Обратите внимание! Форма were используется для всех лиц и чисел.}

Союзы в условных придаточных предложениях: _if – если, _unless – если не, provided/providing (that), on condition (that) – при условии, что (кроме 3-го типа).

Условные придаточные предложения могут быть без союзов, тогда они начинаются с глаголов: were, had, should, could, might (эти глаголы как бы вытесняют союз с первого места условного придаточного предложения). На русский язык переводятся «если бы ..., то бы».

Were the systems compatible, there wouldn’t be a problem – если бы системы были совместимы, то не было бы проблемы.

Иногда встречаются смешанные предложения, в которых главное и придаточное предложения относятся к разным типам: If we were still using the old server, we could have lost all our data yesterday (2-й и 3-й типы).

Упражнение 24. Прочтите и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод условных придаточных предложений.

a) Even if you are not talking on your cell phone, your phone is constantly sending and receiving information, so that the cell phone system knows which cell your phone is in. If someone tries to call you, the tower sends your phone a message over the control channel. The control channel also provides the pathway for SMS messages. If a friend sends you an SMS message, the message flows through the SMSC, then to the tower, and the tower sends the message to your phone as a little packet of data on the control channel. In the same way, if you send a message, your phone sends it to the tower on the control channel and it goes from the tower to the SMSC and from there to its destination.

b) Don’t expect users to report problems to you unless the issues are severe. If network operators aren’t already addressing these challenges, they should be. If you've been in an airport, coffee shop, library or hotel recently, you might have been right in the middle of a wireless network. Unless you're looking for a place to use your laptop, you may not even notice when you're in a hotspot. Provided that they all have wireless adapters, several devices can use one router to connect to the Internet. If the router fails or if too many people try to use high-bandwidth applications at the same time, however, users can experience interference or lose their connections.

c) If you already have several computers networked in your home, you can create a wireless network with a wireless access point. If you have several computers that are not networked, or if you want to replace your Ethernet network, you'll need a wireless router. If your home is very large, you can buy inexpensive range extenders or repeaters to increase your router's range. If you set your router to create an open hotspot, anyone who has a wireless card will be able to use your signal.

Упражнение 25. Прочтите и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод условных придаточных предложений.

a) What would happen if there was a long outage? If there was a comms (= telecoms) outage we would switch to the back-up service. We would contact the PTT to carry out false finding. If we lost power, our own back-up power systems would start and we wouldn't lose power at all. If there were a problem with the cooling systems, our managers would see alarms about that before it affected the equipment. So your downtime would be a matter of minutes.

b) 1. Should we fail to replace the legacy hardware we would have problems with compatibility. 2. Were there a problem with one of the servers we would isolate it and change it straight away. 3. Had one telecoms service lost connectivity they would have used the other network POP. 4. Had the air conditioning gone wrong the temperature alarm would have gone off. 5. Should anything terrible occur at least you would have a copy of all your data in another place. 6. Unless other conditions are defined specifically, we shall use the term «state» to represent an equilibrium state. 7. The system will fail to perform unless the requirements are satisfied. 8. The experiments show agreement with theory provided the conditions are met. 9. Given reliable data, it was possible to determine the reaction rate.

Упражнение 26. Прочтите и переведите следующий микротекст.

Wi-Fi Hotspots

If you want to take advantage of public Wi-Fi hotspots or start a wireless network in your home, you'll need to make sure your computer has the right wireless gear. Most new laptops and many new desktop computers come with built-in wireless transmitters. If your laptop doesn't, you'll have to buy a wireless adapter that plugs into the PC card slot or USB port.

Once you've installed your wireless adapter and the drivers that allow it to operate, your computer should be able to automatically discover existing networks. This means that if you turn your computer on in a Wi-Fi hotspot, the computer will inform you that the network exists and ask whether you want to connect to it. If you have an older computer, you may need to use a software program to detect and connect to a wireless network.