Тема 21.3. Скотланд Ярд, Интерпол, фбр.

I. Scan through the text.

THE HISTORY OF SCOTLAND YARD

The task of organising and designing the 'New Police' was placed in the hands of Colonel Charles Rowan and Sir Richard Mayne. These two Commissioners occupied a private house at 4 Whitehall Palace, the back of which opened on to a courtyard' which had been the site of a residence owned by the Kings of Scotland and known as 'Scotland Yard'. Since the place was used as a police station, the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police became known as Scotland Yard.

These headquarters were removed in 1890 to premises on the Victoria Embankment and became known as 'New Scotland Yard ; but in 1967, because of the need for a larger and more modern headquarters building, a further removal took place to the present site at Victoria Street (10 Broadway), which is also known as 'New Scotland Yard'.

The Force suffered many trials and difficulties in overcoming public hostility and opposition. But, by their devotion to duty and constant readiness to give help and advice coupled with kindliness and good humour, they eventually gained the approval and trust of the public. This achievement has been fostered and steadily maintained throughout the history of the Force, so that today its relationship with the public is established on the firmest foundation of mutual respect and confidence.

II. Find in the text above the English equivalents for the following words and expressions.

1. главное полицейское управление

2. Столичная полиция

3. комиссар полиции

4. претерпевать невзгоды

5. преодолеть враждебное отношение

6. завоевать доверие общественности

7. на основе взаимного уважения

III. Answer the following questions.

1. Who was responsible for organising and designing the 'New Police'?

2. Why did the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police become known as Scotland Yard?

3. What is 'New Scotland Yard' and where is it currently located? ^J

4. What difficulties in relations with the public did the force suffer?

5. What is the main principle of the Force's relationship with the public?

IV. Scan through the text.

SCOTLAND YARD.

FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION. INTERPOL

Scotland Yard. At first the new police force encountered little cooperation from the public, and when Scotland Yard stationed its first plainclothes police agents on duty in 1842, there was a public outcry against these 'spies'. The police force had gradually won the trust of the London public by the time Scotland Yard set up its Criminal Investigation Department (CID) in 1878. The CID was a small force of plainclothes detectives who gathered information on criminal activities. The CID was subsequently built up into the efficient investigative force that it now constitutes. It presently employs more than 1,000 detectives.

The area supervised by the London Metropolitan Police includes all of Greater London with the exception of the City of London, which has its own separate police force. The Metropolitan Police's duties are the detection and prevention of crime, the preservation of public order, the supervision of road traffic and the licensing of public vehicles, and the organisation of civil defence in case of emergency.

The administrative head of Scotland Yard is the commissioner, who is appointed by the Crown on the recommendation of the Home Secretary. Beneath the commissioner are a deputy commissioner and four assistant commissioners, each of the latter being in charge of one of Scotland Yard's four departments; administration, traffic and transport, criminal investigation (the CID), and police recruitment and training. The CID deals with all aspects of criminal investigation and comprises the criminal records office, fingerprint and photography sections, the company fraud squad, a highly mobile police unit known as the flying squad, the metropolitan police laboratory, and the detective-training school.

Scotland Yard keeps extensive files on all known criminals in the United Kingdom. It also has a special branch of police who guard visiting dignitaries, royalty, and statesmen. Finally, Scotland Yard is responsible for maintaining links between British law-enforcement agencies and Interpol. Although Scotland Yard's responsibility is limited to metropolitan London, its assistance is often sought by police in other parts of England, particularly with regard to difficult cases. The Yard also assists in the training of police personnel in the countries of the Commonwealth.

Federal Bureau of Investigation is the police department in the US that is controlled by the central government, and is con­cerned with crimes in more than one state. The Federal Bureau of Investigation is the largest investigative "agency of the United States federal gov­ernment. Generally speaking, the Federal Bureau of Investiga­tion is responsible for conducting investigations where a federal interest is concerned. In pursuance of its duties, the bureau gathers facts and reports the results of its investigations to the attorney general of the United States and his assistants in Wash­ington, and to the United States attorneys' offices in the federal judicial districts of the nation.

Interpol (International Criminal Police Organization) – organi­zation that exists to facilitate the cooperation of the criminal police forces of more than 125 countries in their fight against international crime. A general secretariat headed by a general secretary controls the everyday workings of Interpol. Each af­filiated country has a domestic bureau (called the National Cen­tral Bureau, or NCB) through which its individual police forces may communicate either with the general secretariat or with the police of other affiliated countries. Interpol's principal tar­get is the international criminal. At its headquarters in Lyon, France, Interpol maintains voluminous files of international criminals.

V. Answer the following questions.

1. What was the public sentiment about the first Scotland Yard plainclothes police agents?

2. When did Scotland Yard set up its Criminal Investigation Department?

3. What were the CID's initial duties?

4. What is the CID nowadays?

5. Which parts of London are covered by the Metropolitan Police?

6. What are the Metropolitan Police's duties?

7. Who is the administrative head of Scotland Yard?

8. What is the structure of the CID?

9. What assistance does The Yard render to the countries of the Commonwealth?

VI. Fill in the gaps in the text below with the words and expressions from the box.

guards; tap; armoured vehicles; bullet-proof; kidnappers;

couriers; bug; security firm; private detectives

'Sherlock and Holmes' is a ____________ which offers a complete range of security services. We have________________ with special __________windows to transport money and other valuable items. We can supply trained _______to protect exhibits at art shows and jewellery displays. We can advise you if you think someone is trying to _______ your phone or ________your private conversations at home or in the office with hidden microphones. We have ex-policemen whom you can hire as______ and special ________to deliver your valuable parcels anywhere in the world. We can protect you or your children against possible____________.

VII. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

1) The CIA is the police department in the US. 2) The president of the US controls the FBI. 3) The FBI is concerned with crimes in Washington. 4) The FBI is the smallest investigative agency of the US federal government. 5) The FBI is responsible for conducting investigations where a state interest is concerned. 6) Interpol exists to hinder the cooperation of criminal police forces in their fight against international crime. 7) Nobody con­trols the everyday workings of Interpol. 8) Television portrays Interpol agents as gentlemen of fortune. 9) The main weapon in the hands of Interpol is a universal detective.

VIII. Complete the following statements.

1) The Federal Bureau of Investigation is ... 2) The Federal Bu­reau of Investigation is controlled by ... 3) The FBI is con­cerned with ... 4) The FBI is the largest investigative agency of ... 5) The FBI is responsible for... 6) Interpol exists ... 7) ... controls the everyday workings of Interpol. 8) Each affiliated country has ... 9) The police of each affiliated country through its domestic bureau may ...