Тема 19. Тюремное заключение

Цель: совершенствование профессиональных умений в данной сфере.

Задачи:

- совершенствовать навыки устной речи,

- обучать детальному пересказу текста,

- пополнять детальные знания путем изучения литературы по данной тематике.

Студент должен знать:

- терминологию лексической темы «Тюремное заключение»,

- словообразовательные модели глаголов.

Студент должен уметь:

- воспринимать языковые средства и их точное понимание в тексте,

- оперировать различными видами речевой деятельности,

- продуцировать подготовленное высказывание по проблеме профессионального общения.

Тема 19.1. История исправительных учреждений.

Грамматическая тема: Словообразовательные модели глаголов.

Study the words and the word-combinations

Imprisonment - тюремное заключение;

primarily - главным образом;

confinement - лишение свободы, заключение под стражу;

convicted person - осужденный;

transportation - транспортация (ссылать за моря как вид уголовного наказания);

abolition - отмена;

concern - забота, беспокойство;

diminish - уменьшаться;

compound – усугублять;

predominantly - главным образом;

in custody - содержащийся под стражей;

previous conviction - судимость;

burglary - ночная кража со взломом;

robbery - грабеж с насилием или разбой.

I. Scan through the text. Restore the word order in the questions that follow and answer them.

Prisons

The idea of imprisonment as a form of punishment is relatively modern. Until the late 18th century, prisons were used primarily for the confinement of debtors who could not pay, of accused persons waiting to be tried, and of those convicted persons waiting for their sentences—death or transportation. Since the late 18th century, with the decline of capital punishment (death penalty), the prison has come to be used also as a place of punishment. With the abolition of transportation, the prison has become the principal sanction for most serious crimes. Concern over prison conditions has not diminished over the years. Problems of security and the protection of prisoners from violence on the part of other prisoners have been compounded by the difficulties arising from overcrowding, as prison populations in most countries continue to grow. The people who make up the populations of most prison systems have many characteristics in common. The populations of most prison systems are predominantly male—in England males outnumber females by 28 to 1 (although the number of women in prison is rising at a higher rate than the number of men)—and relatively young—nearly 70 percent of those in custody are under the age of 30. [To be in custody means to be kept in prison by the police until you go to court, because the police think you are guilty.] Most offenders in prison have a number of previous convictions; the offenses they have committed are most commonly burglary, theft, violence, or robbery. A similar picture is revealed by U.S. statistics; the most common offenses for which prisoners are in custody are burglary and robbery. [Burglary is the crime of getting into a building to steal things. Violence is behaviour that is intended to hurt other people physically. Robbery is the crime of stealing things from a bank, shop etc, especially using violence.]

1) What prisons were used primarily for until the late 18th century? 2) Why the prison has come to be used as a place of punishment? 3) When the prison has become the principal sanction for most serious crimes? 4) What not diminished over the years has? 5) What have problems come into being as prison populations in most countries continue to grow? 6) What make people up the populations of most prison systems? 7) What the most common offenses for which prisoners are are in custody?

II. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

1) The idea of imprisonment as a form of punishment is old. 2) Prisons were used for the confinement of debtors who didn’t want to pay. 3) Prisons were used for the confinement of accused persons waiting to be freed. 4) Prisons were a deterrent to innocent persons. 5) With the abolition of death penalty, the prison has come to be used as a place of punishment. 6) With the decline of transportation, the prison has become the principal sanction for most serious crimes. 7) Concern over prison conditions includes the protection of prisoners from violence on the part of warders and prisoners of conscience. 8) Concern over prison conditions includes the difficulties arising from overcrowding of mass and solitary cells. 9) Prison populations cease to grow. 10) Prison populations are predominantly female and relatively old.

III. Restore the word order in the following statements.

1) The idea is of imprisonment as a form of punishment relatively modern. 2) Prisons used were for the confinement of debtors who could not pay. 3) Prisons were for the confinement of accused persons waiting to be tried used. 4) Prisons for the confinement of those convicted persons waiting for their sentences were used. 5) With the decline of death penalty, the prison a place of punishment has come to be used as. 6) With the abolition of transportation, the prison the principal sanction for most serious crimes has become. 7) Concern over prison conditions the protection of prisoners from violence on the part of other prisoners includes. 8) Concern over prison conditions the difficulties arising from overcrowding includes. 9) Prison populations to continue grow. 10) Prison populations predominantly male and relatively young are.

IV. Translate the following words and phrases from Russian into English.

Тюремное заключение; тюремный надзиратель; содержащийся под стражей; лишение свободы; осужденный; обвиняемый; транспортация; камера одиночного заключения; приговор; должник; судимость; ночная кража со взломом; грабеж с насилием или разбой; санкция; население; узник совести; правонарушение; безопасность; защита; насилие; продолжаться; виновный; общая камера.

V. Complete the following statements.

1) The idea of imprisonment as a form of punishment is … 2) Prisons were used for … 3) With the decline of death penalty, the prison has come to be … 4) With the abolition of transportation, the prison has become … 5) Concern over prison conditions includes … 6) Prison populations continue … 7) Prison populations are …

VI. Choose one topic to speak about a) prison as a place of confinement; b) prison as a place of punishment; c) prison conditions; d) prison populations. Retell the text Prisons.