Тема 15. Раскрытие преступлений

Цель: расширение лексических навыков по теме.

Задачи:

- развивать речь учащихся,

- учить строить высказывания на заданную тему,

- совершенствовать репродуктивные грамматические навыки.

Учащийся должен знать:

- терминологию лексической темы «Раскрытие преступлений»,

- правила употребления времен в различных типах условных предложений.

Учащийся должен уметь:

- понимать содержание представленных текстов,

- переводить и реферировать профессионально-ориентированные тексты,

- аргументировано представлять свое высказывание по текстам лексической темы.

Тема 15.1. Фазы раскрытия преступлений. Дактилоскопия. Грамматическая тема: Условные предложения 0 и 1 типа.

Study the words and the word-combinations

Crime detection - расследование / раскрытие преступления;

law enforcement agency - правоприменяющий орган; орган юстиции; полицейский орган;

related - связанный;

distinguishable - отличимый;

identification of suspect - опознание подозреваемого;

sufficient evidence - достаточное доказательство;

indict - предъявлять обвинение;

report - сообщать;

subject's assent - согласие субъекта;

identifiable - могущий быть идентифицированным, могущий быть опознанным;

obscenity – непристойность, непристойное поведение;

controversial - спорный;

surveillance - наблюдение;

interception - перехват; подслушивание;

intercept - перехватить;

infiltration - проникновение;

entrapment - провокация преступления с целью его изобличения;

entrap - поймать в ловушку.

forensic - судебный;

investigation - расследование, дознание;

identification - установление личности;

pattern - рисунок;

surface - поверхность;

latent - скрытый, латентный;

fingerprint evidence - отпечатки пальцев как доказательство;

fingerprinting - дактилоскопия;

maintain - хранить;

conviction – осуждение, судимость;

crime scene - место совершения преступления;

match - подбирать под пару;

clue - улика;

identifying witness – понятой

I. Scan through the text. Restore the word order in the questions that follow and answer them.

Crime detection and its phases

In most countries the detection of crime is the responsibility of the police, although special law enforcement agencies may be responsible for the discovery of particular types of crime. Customs departments, for instance, may be responsible for the detection of smuggling and related offenses. Crime detection falls into three distinguishable phases: the discovery that a crime has been committed, the identification of a suspect, and the collection of sufficient evidence to indict the suspect before the court. [To indict means to officially charge someone with a criminal offence.] Criminologists have shown that many crimes are discovered by persons, such as victims or witnesses, other than the police, but certain types—in particular crimes that may involve a subject's assent, such as dealing in drugs or prostitution, or those in which there may be no identifiable victim, such as obscenity—are often not discovered unless the police take active steps to determine whether these crimes are being committed. [Obscenity is sexually offensive language or behaviour.] This may require controversial methods, such as surveillance, interception of communications, infiltration of gangs, and entrapment, for example, by making a purchase from a suspected drug dealer. [Surveillance is the act of carefully watching a person or place because they may be connected with criminal activities. To infiltrate means to secretly join an organization or enter a place in order to find out information about them or harm them. Entrapment is the practice of trapping someone by tricking them, especially to show that they are guilty of a crime.]

1) Whose responsibility the detection of crime in most countries is? 2) What phases crime detection does fall into? 3) When crimes are discovered by persons? 4) What crimes exclusively by the police are discovered? 5) What methods to determine whether crimes are being committed might be required?

II. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

1) The detection of crime is the responsibility of victims or witnesses. 2) Legislative departments may be responsible for the detection of smuggling. 3) Crime detection includes television advertising. 4) Crime detection includes the identification of a victim. 5) Crime detection includes the collection of rumours to indict the suspect before the court. 6) Crime detection includes the act of carefully watching a person or place because they may be connected with criminal activities. 7) Crime detection does not include the practice of trapping someone by tricking him or her.

III. Restore the word order in the following statements.

1) The detection of crime the responsibility of the police is. 2) Special law enforcement agencies responsible for the discovery of particular types of crime may be. 3) Customs departments responsible for the detection of may be smuggling. 4) Crime detection the discovery that a crime has been includes committed. 5) Crime detection the identification includes of a suspect. 6) Crime detection the collection of evidence to indict the suspect before the includes court. 7) Many crimes are by victims and witnesses discovered.

IV. Translate the following words and phrases from Russian into English.

Раскрытие преступления; ответственность; правоприменяющий орган; таможня; контрабанда; правонарушение; совершить преступление; опознание подозреваемого; свидетельское показание; предъявлять обвинение; жертва; свидетель; согласие; наркотик; могущий быть опознанным; непристойное поведение; установить виновность; наблюдение; подслушивание; проникновение; провокация преступления с целью его изобличения; поймать в ловушку; покупка; подозреваемый; слухи; реклама средствами телевидения.

V. Complete the following statements.

1) The detection of crime is … 2) Special law enforcement agencies may be … 3) Crime detection falls … 4) Criminologists have shown … 5) The police should use … to determine whether crimes are being committed.

VI. Choose one topic to speak about crime detection: a) its law enforcement agencies; b) its phases; c) its methods. Retell the text Crime detection and its phases.

I. Scan through the text. Restore the word order in the questions that follow and answer them.

Suspect identification by fingerprints

Forensic science plays an important part in the investigation of serious crimes. One of the first significant developments was identification by fingerprints. [Identification is an act of identifying by official papers or cards, such as your passport, that prove who you are. To identify means to recognize and correctly name someone or something. Fingerprint is a mark made by the pattern of lines at the end of a person's finger, which can be used by the police to help find criminals.] It was discovered in the 19th century that almost any contact between a finger and a surface left a latent mark. [Something that is latent is present but hidden, and may develop or become more noticeable in the future.] It was accepted in 1893 that no two individuals had the same fingerprints. Fingerprint evidence was accepted for the first time in an English court in 1902. Fingerprinting is now widely used as a means of identifying criminals. Most major police forces maintain collections of fingerprints taken from known criminals at the time of their conviction, for use in identifying these individuals should they commit later crimes. [Conviction is a decision in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime.] Fingerprints found at the scene of the crime are matched with fingerprints in the collection. According to the British standard, if the sets of fingerprints share at least 16 characteristics, it is considered that they are from the same person.

1) What an important part in the investigation of serious crimes plays? 2) What one of the first significant developments was? 3) What in the 19th century was discovered? 4) What accepted in 1893 was? 5) What accepted was in 1902? 6) What now widely used as a means of identifying criminals is? 7) What do maintain most major police forces? 8) Why do most major police forces collections maintain of fingerprints? 9) What fingerprints with fingerprints in the collection are matched? 10) What the British standard of fingerprints is?

II. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

1) Political science plays an important part in the investigation of serious crimes. 2) Any contact between a finger and a surface leaves a noticeable mark. 3) Criminals have the same fingerprints. 4) Fingerprint evidence was accepted in 1893. 5) Fingerprinting is used as a means of identifying victims. 6) Fingerprints are taken from known witnesses at the time of their conviction. 7) Fingerprints found in the collection are matched with fingerprints at the scene of the crime. 8) Identification by fingerprints helps find identifying witnesses. 9) Clue is an object or piece of information that helps someone solve a crime or mystery.

III. Restore the word order in the following statements.

1) Forensic science an important part in the investigation of serious plays crimes. 2) Any contact between a finger and a surface a latent leaves mark. 3) No two individuals the same fingerprints have. 4) Fingerprint accepted evidence was in 1902. 5) Fingerprinting is as a means of identifying used criminals. 6) Fingerprints are from known criminals at the time of their taken conviction. 7) Fingerprints found matched at the scene of the crime are with fingerprints in the collection. 8) Identification helps by fingerprints find criminals.

IV. Translate the following words and phrases from Russian into English.

Судебный; улика; дознание; установление личности; понятой; латентный; отпечатки пальцев как доказательство; дактилоскопия; судимость; место совершения преступления; устанавливать личность.

V. Complete the following statements.

1) Forensic science plays … 2) Fingerprints found at the scene of the crime are … 3) One of the first significant developments was … 4) If the sets of fingerprints share … 5) It was discovered in the 19th century that … 6) It was accepted in 1893 that … 7) Most major police forces maintain … 8) Fingerprint evidence was accepted … 9) Fingerprinting is now widely used as …

VI. Choose one topic to speak about identification by fingerprints: a) its history of discovery; b) its usage. Retell the text Suspect identification by fingerprints.