Оборот «именительный падеж с инфинитивом»

Complex Subject

Оборот «именительный падеж с инфинитивом» состоит из сочетания: существительное или местоимение + инфинитив.

The delegation is said to arrive on Monday. – Говорят, что делегация пребывает в понедельник.

1. Употребляется, когда сказуемое выражено следующими глаголами в страдательном залоге:

to say говорить

to report сообщать

to know знать

to expect ожидать

to believe полагать

to consider считать

to see видеть

to think думать

to hear слышать

to state заявлять, сообщать

He is said to study at Oxford University. – Говорят, что он учится в Оксфорде.

2. Когда сказуемое выражено глаголами: to seem, to appear казаться

to prove оказываться

to happen, to chance случаться

Эти глаголы употребляются в действительном залоге.

Не proved to be a good barber. – Он оказался хорошим парикмахером.

Примечание:

глагол to be после некоторых глаголов часто опускается.

She appears (to be) tired. – Она по-видимому устала.

3. Когда сказуемое выражено сочетанием глагола to be и прилагательным:

likely вероятный

unlikely невероятный

certain несомненный

sure верный

They are sure to win this game. – Они, несомненно, выиграют эту игру.

(Indefinite Infinitive обычно выражает действие, относящееся к будущему.)

Инфинитивный оборот с предлогом for

Инфинитивный оборот с предлогом for состоит из сочетания предлога for с существительным или местоимением в объектном падеже + инфинитив (Active/Passive).

It is difficult for me to translate this article. – Мне трудно перевести эту статью.

It is necessary for the telegram to be sent urgently. – Необходимо, чтобы телеграмма была послана немедленно.

EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Переведите следующие предложения.

1. Do you expect the jury to believe that you could not be heard and that there was no time for the accused to am away?

2. A local authority prefers the child to remain at home under supervision or place him or her with foster parents or in a community home.

3. The panel does not want the child to remand so long.

4. By "hearsay" we mean what one has heard others say about an event.

5. When a Bill is introduced in the House of Commons, it is meant to receive a formal first reading.

6. The Bill was too complicated for Parliament to approve it after the first reading.

7. The matter was too difficult for the solicitor to clarify it within a week.

8. The policeman let the person go for him not to break the curfew.

9. The prisoner waited silently for the judge to pass sentence.

10. The data proved to be wrong.

11. A local authority is known to be responsible for making decisions in this district.

12. The girl is considered to be in need of care and protection.

13. The young offender is said to have been brought to court.

14. He is certain to be present today.

Exercise 2. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.

1. Студент слышал, как профессор упомянул в своей лекции о важности любых улик.

2. Таможенник видел, что такси остановилось у двери.

3. Никто не заметил, что следователь вышел из комнаты.

4. Свидетель слышал, как дверь открылась, и увидел, что кто-то вошел в комнату.

5. Было известно, что он опытный судья.

6. Предполагают, что суд присяжных может состоять как минимум из девяти человек.

7. Он порядочный человек и, несомненно, женится на девушке, с которой встречается так давно.

8. Ожидают, что эксперт по баллистике прибудет в Омск завтра.

9. Кажется, никто не заметил серьезных ошибок в следствии.

10. Адвокаты полагали, что экспертиза подтвердит версию их подзащитного.

11. Прокурор утверждал, что необходимо применить одну из самых суровых статей Уголовного Кодекса.

12. Я слышал, что полицейский сдал оружие после смены.

Exercise 3. Выберите правильный вариант ответа.

1. The article is difficult (перевести).

1. to have translated 2. to be translating 3. to translate

2. They proved unable (решить) the dispute.

1. to settle 2. to have been settled 3. to be settled

3. You do not seem (иметь) a good knowledge of Russian History.

1. to have had 2. to be having 3. to have

4. Let the children (собраться) in the hall.

1. to have been gathered 2. to gather 3. to be gathering

5. They are known (награждать) with medals recently.

1. to have been awarded 2. to be awarded 3. to award

6. The children are glad (обучать) music.

1. to be taught 2. have taught 3. to be teaching

7. He waited for the paper (опубликовать).

1. to publish 2. published 3. to be published

Тест

Выберите правильный вариант ответа.

1. Since she ... ... her own room, it was difficult for her to tolerate a roommate.

a) accustomed to have

b) was accustomed to having

c) had accustomed to having

d) is accustomed to have

2. He ... ... my question and remained silent.

a) avoids answering

b) avoided answering

c) avoided to answer

d) has avoided to answer

3. I ... ... to the beach at the weekend.

a) wouldn't mind to go

b) won't mind to have gone

c) wouldn't mind going

d) don't mind to having gone

4. I ... him ... round the corner, and then I went home.

a) had watched, to turn

b) was watching, to be turning

c) watched, turned

d) watched, turn

5. Alex ... ... hurt by what I had said.

a) was admitted feeling

b) had admitted to feel

c) admitted feeling

d) was admitted to feel

6. As for me, I'd prefer... TV.

a) watch

b) watching

c) to watch

d) have watched

7. Why not... them to the party?

a) to invite

b) inviting

c) you inviting

d) invite

8. It's simple ... with people due to Internet.

a) to communicate

b) communicate

c) to be communicating

d) to have communicated

9. I want my brother... the work as soon as possible.

a) finish

b) finishing

c) finishes

d) to finish

10. They expected the meeting ... in a conference hall.

a) to hold

b) to be holding

c) to be held

d) to be hold

11. The government intend ... social programmes.

a) to start

b) at starting

c) start

d) starting

12. He didn't answer the phone yesterday. He must... sleeping.

a) have been

b) has been

c) be

d) to have been

13. I hope ... Moscow State University.

a) for entering

b) to enter

c) of entering

d) entering

14. My parents never let me ... in bed.

a) to read

b) reading

c) read

d) to reading

15. His aunt is a very fussy person. She wants everything ... in its right place.

a) being

b) to be

c) be

d) to being

16. Can you hear the two men ... an argument?

a) have

b) to have

c) are having

d) having

17. I've never seen anyone ... as little as you do.

a) eats

b) eat

c) in eating

d) to have eaten

18. He persuaded her... to the doctor's.

a) not go

b) not to go

c) to going

d) going

19. The teacher made him ... the test.

a) to rewrite

b) to rewrote

c) rewrite

d) rewrites

20. When she looked out of the window she saw a stranger... on the bench.

a) sitting

b) sit

c) sitting

d) to sit

21. The rain seems ... . Call the children in. I don't want them ... .

a) to be, to be got wet through

b) to be starting; to get wet through

c) to have started; to have got wet through

d) to have been started; to be getting wet through

22. The English colony, Plymouth, in Massachusetts, is known ... by the Pilgrims who arrived on the Mayflower in 1620.

a) to be established

b) to have established

c) to have been establishing

d) to have been established

23. Look, they are likely ... to the news. They seem ... .

a) to be listening; to be excited

b) to listen; to be excited

c) to have been listening; to have excited

d) to have listened; to be being excited

24. He is sure ... a liar. Everybody head him ... that in so many words.

a) to be; to say

b) be; say

c) to be; say

d) be; to say

25. When I came in, the discussion seemed ... to an end. They appeared ... patience because they turned out... for it.

a) to have been coming; to have been losing; be ready

b) to be coming; to be losing; not to be ready

c) to come; to lose; to be ready

d) to have come; to have lost; not to be being ready I

26. Jack, you seem ... too fast. The speed is already 100 miles. I'm afraid. I want you ... the speed till 40 miles.

a) to have driven; slow down

b) to drive; to slow down

c) to be driving; to be slowing down

d) to be driving; to slow down

27. Do you happen ... how to get to the Tower?

a) to be knowing

b) to now

c) to know

d) to be known

28. She is unlikely ... us to go there.

a) to let

b) let

c) to allow

d) to be allowed

29. She looks nice. – Yes, but she seems ... on weight.

a) to have put

b) to put

c) to be put

d) is putting

30. Is he still abroad? – No, he appears ... two months ago.

a) to return

b) to be returning

c) returns

d) to have returned