
- •Гуманитарный институт кафедра «иностранные языки в инженерно-техническом образовании» Английский язык
- •A rchitecture
- •I. Read and translate the text using the words given below.
- •VII. Make up your own sentences using the words from the vocabulary of the text.
- •VIII. Retell the information of the text. Architectural drawing
- •I. Read and translate the text using the words given below.
- •VII. Complete the sentences. Use the comparative of the adjectives in the brackets.
- •VIII. Retell the information of the text. Types of architectural drawing
- •St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican
- •I. Read and translate the text using the words given below.
- •II. Learn the vocabulary to the text:
- •III. Give the English equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •IV. Give the Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •V. Answer the following questions using the information from the text:
- •VI. Choose the right word.
- •VII. Make up your own sentences using the words from the vocabulary of the text.
- •VIII. Retell the information of the text. Computer-aided design
- •Basilica of St Francis of Assisi, Assisi, Italy
- •I. Read and translate the text using the words given below.
- •II. Learn the vocabulary to the text:
- •VII. Make up your own sentences using the words from the vocabulary of the text.
- •VIII. Retell the information of the text. Architectural reprographics
- •The Baroque Einsiedeln Abbey at Einsiedeln, Switzerland
- •I. Read and translate the text using the words given below.
- •VI. Put the verbs in brackets into the proper tense form.
- •VII. Make up your own sentences using the words from the vocabulary of the text.
- •VIII. Retell the information of the text. Texts for additional reading Sketches and diagrams
- •Isometric and axonometric projections
- •Architectural perspective
- •Architectural design competition
- •Types of plans
- •Size and scale
- •Elevation
- •Cross section
- •Detail drawings
- •Digital morphogenesis
- •Modern and post-modern architectures
- •Function of churches
- •Cathedral
- •Basilica
- •Basilica of St Francis of Assisi, Assisi, Italy Abbey
- •The Baroque Einsiedeln Abbey at Einsiedeln, Switzerland Mausoleum
- •Circular churches
- •Transept
- •Vertical emphasis
- •East end
- •External Decoration
- •Nave and aisles
- •Crossing and transept
- •Choir and presbytery
- •Choir stalls and organ
- •Font, lectern and pulpit
- •Decoration
- •Architectural styles Early Christian
- •Modern synagogue architecture
- •Architectural plan
- •Types of architectural plans Floor plan
- •Garden design
- •Landscape plan
- •Site plan
- •Urban plan
- •Architectural plan topics Plan
- •Plan view
- •Planning
- •Purpose
- •Virtual modelling
- •Materials
- •Modern concepts of architecture
- •Origins and vernacular architecture
- •Ancient architecture
- •Asian architecture
- •Islamic architecture
- •The medieval builder
- •Renaissance and the architect
- •Early modern and the industrial age
- •Modernism and reaction of architecture
- •Architecture today
- •Glossary
АСТРАХАНСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ
ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
Гуманитарный институт кафедра «иностранные языки в инженерно-техническом образовании» Английский язык
Сборник иностранных текстов
для студентов направления «Архитектура»
(профиль «Реконструкция зданий и сооружений»)
АСТРАХАНЬ 2012
Составитель:
Старший преподаватель кафедры «Иностранные языки в инженерно-техническом образовании» Курпешева А.И.
Рецензент: старший преподаватель кафедры «Иностранные языки в инженерно-техническом образовании» Мезина Е.В.
Данная учебно-методическая разработка представляет собой сборник иностранных текстов по английскому языку для студентов направления «Архитектура» (профиль «Реконструкция зданий и сооружений»). Целью сборника является формирование элементарных навыков устной речи студентов и чтения литературы по темам данного направления на английском языке для извлечения необходимой информации.. Каждый текст сопровождается упражнениями, словами и выражениями, подлежащими активизации.
Представленный сборник иностранных текстов может быть использован студентами как для аудиторной, так и для внеаудиторной работы.
Сборник иностранных текстов отвечает предъявленным требованиям и может быть рекомендован к распространению через участок ротапринтной печати АГТУ и использованию в учебном процессе.
Сборник иностранных текстов одобрен и утверждён на заседании кафедры «ИЯИТО», протокол №3 от 26.11.2012
© Астраханский государственный технический университет
A rchitecture
I. Read and translate the text using the words given below.
Architecture (Latin architectura, from the Greek ἀρχιτέκτων – arkhitekton, from ἀρχι- "chief" and τέκτων "builder, carpenter, mason") can mean:
1) the art and science of designing and erecting buildings and other physical structures.
2) the practice of an architect, where architecture means to offer or render professional services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings, that have as their principal purpose human occupancy or use.
3) a general term to describe buildings and other structures.
4) a style and method of design and construction of buildings and other physical structures.
A wider definition may comprise all design activity, from the macro-level (urban design, landscape architecture) to the micro-level (construction details and furniture). Architecture is both the process and product of planning, designing and constructing form, space and ambience that reflect functional, technical, social, environmental, and aesthetic considerations. It requires the creative manipulation and coordination of material, technology, light and shadow. Architecture also encompasses the pragmatic aspects of realizing buildings and structures, including scheduling, cost estimating and construction administration. As documentation produced by architects, typically drawings, plans and technical specifications, architecture defines the structure and/or behavior of a building or any other kind of system that is to be or has been constructed.
Architectural works are often perceived as cultural and political symbols and as works of art. Historical civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements.
Architecture sometimes refers to the activity of designing any kind of system and the term is common in the information technology world.
Architects plan, design and review the construction of buildings and structures for the use of people. Architects also coordinate and integrate engineering design, which has as its primary objective the creative manipulation of materials and forms using mathematical and scientific principles.
II. Learn the vocabulary to the text:
Urban design – градостроительное проектирование
Landscape architecture – ландшафтная архитектура
Ambience – атмосфера, дух, общее настроение, окружающая среда
Creative manipulation – творческая манипуляция
Coordination of shadow – координация, согласование тени
Cost estimating – калькуляция стоимости
Construction administration – руководство строительства
III. Give the English equivalents to the following word combinations:
Сооружение зданий, профессиональные услуги, пространство, принципиальная цель, описывать здания, более широкое определение, прагматические аспекты, любой другой вид системы, исторические цивилизации, архитектурные достижения, первоначальная цель, использование людьми.
IV. Give the Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:
With the design and construction of a building, human occupancy, general term, design activity, design activity, construction details and furniture, aesthetic considerations, creative manipulation, construction administration, works of art, the information technology world.
V. Answer the following questions using the information from the text:
What does the term “architecture” mean?
Architecture is both the process and product of planning, designing and constructing form, space and ambience, isn’t it?
What does architecture require?
Does architecture encompass the pragmatic aspects of realizing buildings and structures?
What does architecture define?
How are architectural works often perceived?
The term “architecture” is uncommon in the information technology world, isn’t it?
What do architects do?
VI. Complete the sentences:
Architecture is …
The wider definition of architecture includes…
Architecture requires…
Architecture encompasses…
Architectural works are perceived as…
Architects …