Remember Requirements to a Paper

The title should be concise and descriptive of the paper’s contents.

Each article should include a brief abstract (150 words), describing the procedure and significant results of the study. Excessive use of the abbreviations should be avoided. Italics is used if necessary.

Text. Introduction should describe the purpose of the study and its relation to previous work in the field; it should not include an extensive literature review.

Methods should be concise but detailed to permit repetition y other investigators. Previously published methods and modifications should be cited y reference.

Results should present positive and relevant negative findings of the study, supported when necessary by reference to tables and figures.

Discussion should interpret the results of the study with emphasis on their relation to the original hypotheses and previous studies.

Acknowledgements should follow the text.

References should be typed double-spaced in numerical order. References to unpublished material or to personal communications should be included in the text as footnotes. All authors should be included in the reference (the use of “et al.” is not acceptable).

Illustrations should be given.

Legends should be typed on a separate page with all abbreviations and symbols appearing on the illustration described.

Tables should have brief titles and be numbered according to order of mention in the text.

Grammar Review

1. Remember words and expressions

Human activities

To bring great benefits

In terms of

Quality of environment

To take adequate control

Living processes

In unexpected ways

To take action/measures

To induce adverse effects

To confirm the finding

It became clear

Collaborative efforts

2. Give Russian equivalents:

1. It is necessary that papers should be submitted to the Editor in three copies.

2. It is desirable that manuscripts should be typed on good quality paper with wide margins.

3. It is important that authors should order reprints of articles in advance of publication.

4. It is suggested that photographs should be provided.

5. It is requested that all abbreviations should be defined in a footnote.

6. It is demanded that abbreviated phrases should be written out at first mention, followed by the abbreviation in brackets.

7. It is recommended that use of abbreviated phrases should be kept to an absolute minimum.

8. To ensure rapid publication it is recommended that manuscripts should keep to the style of the journal.

9. It is required that manuscripts should be written in acceptable English.

10. Requests for permission to reproduce figures, tables or portions of articles originally published in the journal should be addressed to … (addressee).

1. Translate the sentences:

1. Журнал содержит ряд статей.

2. Книги охватывают различные проблемы.

3. Каждая рецензия содержит новые концепции.

4. Этот текст включает описание новых методик.

5. Книги содержат ряд текстов.

6. Это – обзор по основным исследованиям в психологии.

7. Эта статья – обзор новых методов в медицине.

“Translator’s false friends”