2. A) Comment on the lexical meaning of the words in bold type. B) Comment on their lexical and grammatical contexts. C) Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.

1. To keep costs to the shippers low, pipeline shipping of crude oil requires large shipments, high throughput, and efficient operation. 2. Although comparatively small, a tugboat is powerful and can often be seen pushing a vessel many times its size. 3. Since 1976, actual mileage has declined but total quantities shipped have steadily risen because of larger-diameter lines and the looping of long lines, that is, laying additional lines alongside existing pipelines. 4. Moving oil and gas from a field to refining and processing plants and petroleum products from refineries to consumers requires a complex transportation system. 5. A products pipeline transports refined products derived from crude oil, such as diesel fuel, kerosene, jet fuel, heating oil, and other liquid hydrocarbons not produced by liquefying gas.

3. Classify the following words according to the type of motivation.

babble, blooming /health/, bottleneck, boyish, bump, buzz, catlike, chatter, chirrup, crash, eatable, foot /of a mountain/, giggle, green /with envy/, handkerchief, head /of a procession/, heart /of the country/, howl, overgrow, prefabricated.

4. A) Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian. B) Classify the words in bold type into affixal and root antonyms.

1. This man Steuer fancied that he was dishonest, and that he, Mollenhauei was honest (Th. Dreiser). 2. The love of a mother for her children is dominant leonine, selfish and unselfish (Id.). 3. “I told you, I’m a walking man, but I’ve been heading in this direction for seven years. Walking all around this place. Upstate, downstate, east, west...” (T. Morrison). 4. He never got it right, but they ate those undercooked, overcooked, dried-out or raw potatoes anyway, laughing, spitting and giving him advice (Id.). 5. His vitality was absolute, not relative (J. Galsworthy). 6. On those walls, wherever the eye roved, were prints coloured and uncoloured, old and new, depicting the sports of racing and prizefighting (Id.). 7. To see both sides of a question vigorously was at once Jon’s strength and weakness (Id.).

5. A) Pick out synonyms from the sentences below. Comment on their shades of meaning and stylistic reference. B) Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.

1. a) The doctor glanced quickly at Eleanor and then away (Sh. Jackson), b) Mrs. Dudley stood below and watched them in silence (Id.), c) “You ever been here before? One of the family, maybe?” He looked at her now, peering through the bars (Id.). d) Our professor would stop, glare and drum the edge of the table (E. Bowen). e) I stared at him, and I suppose something in my face stopped him (R. Stout). f) “Like it?” he says, and eyes you expectantly... (L. Biggie). g) The seas’ ruler, he gazed southward over the bay (J. Joyce). h) Haines surveyed the tower and said at last: “Rather bleak in wintertime, I should say” (Id.). 2. a) They held hands across the table and talked about parents and childhood as if they had just met (I. McEwan). b) It wasn’t like Wolfe to babble when business was on hand (R. Stout). c) I had to ride back to New York in a bus with a delegation of schoolteachers coming back from a weekend in the mountains – chatter-chatter, blah-blah... (J. Kerouac). d) Avery always knew important persons at the adjoining tables; they would come over to chat with him (K. Norris). 3. a) She crossed to the window and looked down to where the pool sparkled in the early sunshine (J. Mortimer). b) In front of her the motorway shimmered in the sun like the sands of a desert (Id.). c) Denis woke up next morning to find the sun shining, the sky serene (A. Huxley). d) Haines stopped out a smooth silver case in which twinkled a green stone (J. Joyce).