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1.1. Complete the following sentences:

1. Marketing

IS

ARE

2. The customers' future needs and wants

3. To market a product

4. A marketer

5. Two major factors of marketing

6. Marketing management

7. The activities within most organiza-tions

1.2. Marketers often talk about market orientation: the fact that everything they do is designed to meet the needs of the mar-ket. They may describe themselves as market-driven, market-led or market oriented. Match the sentence beginnings (1–5) with the correct endings (a–e):

1. FIrms are now more market- a) oriented

2. Since the 1980s, Britain has b) had a much more market-led

3. Many market-led growth c) businesses,

4. Lack of investment and mar- d) ket orientation

5. American TV is a market- e) driven industry

such as Microsoft and Sony, are in several markets at once.

and the audience decides the direction it takes.

led to falling sales and prof-its.

and less dependent on gov-ernment money.

approach to economics.

1.3. Match these sentences (1–9) with their endings (a–I):

1. In popular usage, ‘mar-keting’ is

a) to satisfy the customer with prompt ser-vices and meeting the customer expecta-tions.

2. Products are often de-veloped

b) to achieve one or more marketing objec-tives.

3. A marketing strategy is a process that can allow an organization

c) to determine how an organization com-petes against its competitors in a market place.

4. Strategic marketing at-

d) the promotion of products, especially

5

tempts

advertising and branding.

5. Operational marketing functions to attract and keep customers and to maximize the value derived for them, as well as

e) to concentrate its limited resources on the greatest opportunities to increase sales and achieve a sustainable competitive ad-vantage.

6. A marketing plan is a written document that de-tails the necessary actions

f) particularly psychology, sociology, and economics.

7. Timing is an essential part of any plan and should normally

g) to meet the desires of groups of custom-ers or even, in some cases, for specific cus-tomers.

8. The marketing plans should be

h) appear as a schedule of planned activi-ties.

9. Marketing methods are informed by many of the social sciences,

i) clear, quantified, focused, realistic and agreed.

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