X. Expressing purpose, look at the following sentences:

Sales can be increased by enlarging the Company's share of the US market...

To raise its market share the company will increase its product's availability and promotion.

Now match the purpose with the means:

Purpose	Means Means
1) In order to reduce labour costs	a) a regular product update was circulated
2) To establish a technological lead	b) research efforts were increased b) research efforts were increased
3) The sales force was strengthened	c) the workforce was reduced
4) Financial reporting was streamlined	d) by headhunting new sales people
5) So that customers were informed	e) by introducing new accounts software

XI. Fill in the blanks from the words below. Translate the sen­tences into Ukrainian.

assets (2); assign (2); equity (2); engage (4); maintain (2); main­tenance; sound.

1. The firm is ___________ in the export of oil.

2. Ordinary stocks are usually described as ___________, indicating that the holders are entitled to what is left of the ___________ and profits, after certain claims have been met.

3. ___________ I will myself to manage the business if you will ___________ yourself to provide the capital.

4. With high inflation rates it is difficult to ___________ prices.

5. Highly qualified specialists were ___________ to the job.

6. The judge ___________ that the accused is innocent of the charge.

7. ___________ normally, but not invariably, carry voting power.

8. Can the company ___________ that all these statements are trustworthy?

9. The data told management what ___________ are at their disposal and what commitments they have to be prepared to meet.

10. ___________ order is a legal order made by a court of law obliging a person to support somebody.

11. The day for the trial has already been ___________.

12. «Kyiv Star»is a ___________ business company, you can deal with it.

XII. Read the following text and summarize it in 100 words. The boston consulting group approach

Using the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) approach, a company classifies all its SBUs in the growth-share matrix. On the vertical axis, market-growth rate provides a measure of market attractiveness. On the horizontal axis, market share serves as a measure of company strength in the market. By dividing the growth-share matrix in the way indicated, four types of SBUs can be distinguished:

Stars. Stars are high-growth, high-share businesses of products. They often need heavy investment to finance their rapid growth. Eventually their growth will slow down, and they will turn into cash cows.

Cash cows. Cash cows are low-growth, high-share businesses or products. These established and successful SBUs need less investment to hold their market share. Thus, they produce a lot of cash that the com­pany uses to pay its bills and support other SBUs that need investment.

Question marks. Question marks are low-share business units in high-growth markets. They require a lot of cash to hold their share, let alone increase it. Management has to think hard about which question marks it should try to build into stars and which should be phased out.

Dogs. Dogs are low-growth, low-share businesses and products. They may generate enough cash to maintain themselves but do not promise to be a large source of cash.

The ten circles in the growth-share matrix represent a company's ten current SBUs. The company has two stars, two cash cows, three question marks, and three dogs. The areas of each circle are proportional to the SBU's dollar sales. This company is in fair shape, although not in good shape. It wants to invest in the more promising question marks to make them stars, and to maintain the stars so that they will become cash cows as their markets mature. Fortunately, it has two good-sized cash cows whose income helps finance the company's question marks, stars, and dogs. The company should take some decisive action concerning its dogs and its question marks. The picture would be worse if the company had no stars, too many dogs, or only one weak cash cow.

relative market share

As time passes, SBUs change their position in the growth-share matrix. Each SBU evolves. Many SBUs start out as question marks and move into the star category if they succeed. They later become cash cows as market growth falls, then finally turn into dogs toward the end of their life cycles. The company needs to add new products and units continuously so that some of them will become stars and eventually cash cows to help finance its other SBUs.

XIII. Find the closest synonym for the words on the left. Select from a-k on the right.

1) purpose	a) drift
2) goal	b) narrow
3) plan	c) reduce
4) reinvest	d) mission
5) wander aimlessly	e) overall
6) sensible	f) objective
7) general	g) increase
8) limited	h) broad
9) wide	i) plough back
10) raise	j) sound
11) cut	k) strategy