Introverts

Unlike extroverts, introverts can become drained by too much interaction. They draw their energy from the inner world of thoughts, emotions, and ideas. They tend to be more contemplative and are likely to pursue solitary activities that allow them to work quietly and alone. If they do attend social functions or participate in group activities, they will need time alone to recharge themselves after leaving the group. They tend to leave parties early whereas the extrovert will stay until everyone else has gone home.

Introverts can be characterized as "reserved." They tend to hold back their own thoughts and ideas in order to carefully listen to what others say while thoughtfully processing and taking in the information offered. The extrovert, on the other hand, has a need to express and is eager to say what's on his mind in lieu of listening. The extrovert is quick to speak and slow to listen, whereas the introvert is quick to listen and slow to speak.

Introverts prefer one-on-one or small group interactions. They are most comfortable with people they know well and enjoy in-depth conversations that focus on ideas, concepts, and reflective thought. They can concentrate and savor the content of such an interchange unlike the extrovert who savors the energy of the interaction over the content. Introverts are private people who take time to get to know.

The introverted child may enjoy some of the same activities as the extroverted child, but they will place more emphasis on self-exploration as opposed to self-expression. This is especially true in activities involving the performing arts:

• Creative writing including stories, prose and poetry

• Dramatic play

• Painting, drawing, working with clay

• Arts and crafts

• Playing alone, especially imaginary play using toy figures, or playing school or store

• Reading

• Going to libraries and browsing or reading

• Building things, doing puzzles, playing on computers

• Pursuing or studying a single subject or idea in –depth

• Spending hours alone in their rooms in solitary activity

• Spending time with one or two good friends

1) What are children introverts like?

2) What are children extraverts like?

3) What is the difference between introverts and extraverts?

4) What do introverts like doing?

5) What do extraverts like doing?

Topic 5. Bringing up children. Praise and punishment.

Task 8. Read and translate the text and answer the questions after it.

Rules and childhood

All children need rules to know the difference between right and wrong. Parents make house rules for a lot of reasons – to make sure the family is safe, to organize family life and to teach their children how to behave well. Most parents want to teach their children how to live happily in the world and to be able to get on well with other people.

There are some general rules that can improve family life. Family members should:

• avoid aggressive behaviour such as hitting, pushing or kicking;

• ask before borrowing things and return things in good condition;

• take care of the home and the things in it;

• talk about problems and arguments in a nice way to try and make things right.

Specific rules are necessary as children grow up because they start to do more things on their own. Very young children are usually under the direct control of their parents. But school children spend some of their time with friends, and parents must make sure that their children know how to behave when they are not at home. For example, children should wear a proper seat belt when they travel in another person’s car, they should be polite, and they shouldn’t talk to strangers.

To help children to learn self-discipline, parents make certain house rules, for example:

• healthy eating such as a good breakfast and eating lots of fruit and vegetables;

• always do homework in a relaxed way after school and not late at night or just before school;

• keep their bedroom neat and tidy and also put their clothes in the wardrobe.

Ideally, parents should make rules that are easy to introduce and to follow. But most of all, children will always refer to and rely on what they learnt at home in a safe and caring environment.

1) Is it necessary for parents to introduce rules for children at home? Explain your opinion.

2) What rules can improve family life?

3) What rules can help children to learn self-discipline?

4) What difficulties are there in upbringing boys and girls, sons and daughters?

5) What should we teach kids beginning with their early age?

6) Should parents try to teach their children before they go to school?

7) Should a child be allowed to do anything he likes when he is ill?

8) Should parents help their children with their homework?

9) What is more important in the process of upbringing: school (teachers, collective) or home (parents) background?

10) What home atmosphere encourages a child’s development?

Task 9. Complete the sentences with one word from the text in each gap. Do this task in written form.

1) Parents want their children to communicate well and … with other people in life.

2) Parents make house … to protect their children from danger.

3) In your family, you should … aggressive behaviour.

4) Every … member has to take care of things they share at home.

4) Parents of very young children under their ….

5) It’s important not to rush homework and do it in a … way.

6) Parents want their children to eat … food.

7) When parents make rules, it’s important that they are … to introduce and follow.

8) It is important for parents to teach their children how to take care of themselves when they are on their … or with friends.

9) Parents teach children not … to people they don’t know.

10) It’s the child’s responsibility … their bedroom tidy.

Task 10. Read and discuss the text. Answer the questions after the text.