19Моя спеціальність – «фінансист»

Economic departments of High educational establishments(випускають) train(навчених) economists, accounts(бухгалтерів), manager and financiers. The speciality of financier is very popular and important in our country because finance is a necessary part of any modern economy. Finance exists(існує) wherever(всюди) there are money incomes(доходи) and money is spent(витрати). Government bodies(держ орг.) and political parties, public institutions(держ установи), organizers of productions(організації виробництва) are all concerned(пов’язані) with finance. Most people took an interest in financial problems. They want to know about the working of finance and credit, and why they assume(беруть) such an important role in the life of ordinary(простих) people and in relations(відносинах) between states.(держ)

The work of financier includes many functions, for example, preparing budgets(підготовку бюджетів), doing cash flow analysis(робити аналіз грошових потоків) and planning of the expenditure of funds(планування вітрачання коштів). Financiers` analysis help to answer such questions as: Is the company strong enough to stay in business? Has the company`s income been satisfactory(задовольняючі) and should we invest in this company? Should we loan money to this company? Will it able to pay the money back? it goes without saying that future specialists must have high level of professional(професійної) training(підготовки). Besides they must be able to operate(працювати) the computer.

The course of study lasts(триває) five years. The students learn such general and special subjects as high mathematics , macroeconomics, microeconomics , statistics , marketing, business foundations(основи бізнесу) and many other subjests. To master(щоб освоїти) the speciality well students take practical training at different enterprises(підприємствах), companies, banks , tax bodies of city(податкових органах міста). Graduates with the diploma of financier can work as financial managers(фін менеджери), financial controllers(фін контролери) ,tax inspectors(податкові інспектори) , financial vice-president(фін віце-президенти) , directors of banks(директори банка). Traditionally, financial career have paid well and they are usually jobs for good students.

20. Economic activity and Economics freedom

Economic activities are related(пов’язана) to production(виробництвом), distribution(розподілом), exchange and consumption(споживання) of goods and services. "Human activities which are performed(здійснюється) in exchange for money or money's worth are called economic activities." There are 4 types of economic activity :

Primary(первинна) – gathering(збирання) material from the earth(з поверхні землі) (eg farming) (с/г) secondary or manufacturing(виробництво) – turning(перетворення) materials into things to sell (eg working in a factory) (наприклад робіт на заводі) tertiary(третинні) or service(послуги) - to provide a service for people (eg selling items) (пункти продажу) quaternary(четвертинна) - tech research(технологія дослідження) (eg scientists)( вчені)

The work people do is called economic activity. All economic activities together make up the economic system of a town, a city, a country or the world. Economic freedom is the key to greater(більшої) opportunity(можливості) and an improved(покращення) quality(якості) of life. It’s the freedom to choose how to produce, sell, and use your own resources. If a person can do what he wishes with his own property(власністю), time, and energy, then economists(економісти) say that he is economically(економічно) free(вільний).