18. Translate into English and make short sentences using

these word combinations:

проблеми світового масштабу	решта світу
характерна риса	решта суспільства
будь-яке суспільство	решта людей

19. Answer these questions:

1) Which paragraph was most difficult to translate?

2) Which paragraph was the easiest?

3) What does the word 'scarcity' mean in economics?

Text 3: Choice and opportunity cost

Since we cannot have everything we want, we are forced to make choices. With our limited income we cannot buy all the things we would like to have. When we make a choice, we select from the things we can afford those which give us the most satisfaction or pleasure.

When we make a choice, something has to be given up or forgone. The thing we decide to give up is the sacrifice we have to make in order to obtain the thing we have chosen.

What we give up is described as the opportunity cost of ob­taining the thing we have chosen. For example, suppose a mo­torist has enough money to buy some petrol or a meal in a res­taurant. He chooses to buy the petrol. The opportunity cost of the petrol is the meal that he has to forgo. Here is another example:

Vocabulary

opportunity	можливість, слушна нагода
opportunity cost	ціна, вартість, собівартість, витрати, альтернативні витрати
since	так як; з
force	сила
to force	примусити
choice	вибір
to make choice	вибирати, зробити вибір
to choose smth (chose, chosen)	вибирати що-небудь
to afford	дозволити собі
to give up	залишити, відмовитися
to forgo (forwent, forgone)	відмовитися від, утриматися від
sacrifice	жертва
in order to do smth	для того, щоб зробити що-небудь
to describe	описувати, визначати
to suppose	припускати, уявляти собі
meal	їжа, прийом

20. Underline the subjects with one line, the predicates with

two and translate the sentences:

(1) We are forced to make choices.

2. We cannot buy all the things.

3. They often make choices.

4. He has enough money to buy some jewellery.

5. She chose to buy some new furniture for their sitting

room.

2. What did you choose to buy?

3. I didn't want to buy any records.

21. Underline clauses and translate the sentences:

1. I liked the clothes I bought yesterday.

2. When I went shopping I spent a lot of money.

3. Since she had some time she decided to try on the

trousers she had chosen.

4. I don't know why she liked the dress.

5. Why did she choose to study the subject many people

find mo­notonous?

6. After I listened to the first lecture I understood I had

made the right choice.

7. Did you understand everything you heard at the

lecture?