Art, architecture, music, theatre and cinema of great britain and the usa

Plan

1. Outstanding English and American artists. Portrait artists of the 18^th century John Constable, Joseph Turner, Thomas Gaisborough.

2. Outstanding architects of the 17^th-18^th centuries I. Jones and Christopher Wren.

3. Music of Great Britain. Purcell. Modern English Music.

4. English and American theatre and cinema. Outstanding dramatic actors, actresses and directors (S.Thorndyke, Vivien Leigh, Edith Evans, M. Redgrave, Lawrence Olivier, Peter Brook and others).

Recommended literature:

1. Полупан А.П., Полупан В.Л., Махова В.В. English-speaking countries: A cultural reader–Х.: Країна мрій, 2002.

2. Полупан А.П., Полупан В.Л., Махова В.В. English-speaking countries: A work-book–Х.: Країна мрій, 2002

3. Письменная О.А. «Окна в англоязычный мир (история, география, социальные аспекты, языковая ситуация). К.: ООО «ИП Логос», 2004.

4. Тучина Н.В., Меркулова Т.К., Кузьміна В.С. Speak English with pleasure/За ред..Луїзи Грін.- К.: Майстер-клас, 2005

Tasks

1. Prepare a report about one the outstanding representatives of English or American culture:

1) The purest lyricist of English art Thomas Gainborough.

2) Outstanding couple Lawrence Olivier and Vivien Leigh.

3) The legendary pop-group from Liverpool the “Beatles”.

4) English landscape painters John Constable and Joseph Turner.

2. Answer the questions:

1) What age is called golden age in the English art? Why? Name the representatives of that period.

2) Name the most outstanding pictures of John Constable. What are their peculiarities?

3) What masterpieces painted by Joseph Turner can you name? Speak about them.

4) Who is the most famous architect of Great Britain? Prove it.

3. Give the Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

Painting school, genius, contemporaries, to have much in common, to observe nature, landscape painter, to exhibit, to anticipate, watercolour, an interplay between dark and light, a creator, to highly appreciate, to be worth admiring, a revival of interest, up-to-date, to be responsible for pop revolution, to win the affection and admiration, a great variety of performances, a musical, a screen version

IMPORTANT MILESTONES IN THE HISTORY OF GREAT BRITAIN

6th — 3^rd centuries ВС The Celts invaded Britain and overcame the Iberians.

55 ВС Julius Caesar landed in Britain

54 ВС. The second invasion of the Romans.

43 AD The Romans began to conquer the south of Britain.

I^st — 5^th centuries AD Britain was a Roman province.

5th(449) — 7^th centuries AD The Anglo-Saxons conquered Britain.

6^th(597) — 7^th centuries AD Conversion of the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity.

793 The Danes began to raid Britain.

9^th century (829) Unification of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms into the king­dom of

England

835 The Anglo-Saxons led by King Egbert defeated the Danes.

871 The Danes invaded Wessex.

871-899 Reign of Alfred the Great.

1017-1035 Reign of the Danish king, Canute, in England.

1066 Battle of Hastings.

І066-1087 Reign of William the Conqueror.

He introduced feu­dalism into England.

1069; 1071 Large rebellions broke out against Norman rule in England.

1086 Feudal registration in England (the Domesday book).

1215 The nobles forced King John to accept Magna Charta.

1264 The first parliament of nobles met.

1337-1453 The Hundred Year's War.

1455-1485. The Wars of the Roses. Two noble families,

York and Lancaster, began a struggle for the throne.

1642-1649 Civil war broke out between the Crown and Parliament

1649-1660 England became a Republic ruled by Parliament.

Oliver Cromwell took over the rule of England.

1665 A terrible plague in London.

1666 The Great Fire of London.

1700 A period of great industrial growth began in Britain.

1953 Queen Elizabeth II was crowned in Westminster Abbey.

1979-1990 Margaret Thatcher, became Britain's first woman

Prime Minister, leader of the ruling Conservative Party.

1982 Britain went to war with Argentina over the future of

the Falkland Islands in the south Atlantic.

1990-1997 John Major, Prime Minister of the UK.

1997 Mr. Blair, the leader of the Labour Party, became

Prime Minister.

SUPPELMENTARY MATERIALS FOR SEMINARS

Appendix 1

WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT CELTS

The Celts did not write down the events themselves. Other peoples who knew them described

them in their books.

The Greeks were the first to mention the British Isles. The ancient Greek historian Herodotus

(/іе'го daws) who is called the Father of History wrote that in the 5^th century B.C. the

Phoenicians ( rS n і J '^{Q и} 2 ) used to come to the British Isles for tin which was used in

making bronze. They called the British Isles the Tin Islands.

The earliest writer from whom we have learned much about the country and its inhabitants was Julius Caesar, the famous Roman general, statesman and writer. In his "Commentaries on the Gallic War", a book written in Latin, Julius Caesar described the island and the Celts against whom he fought. He tells us that the Celts were tall and blue-eyed. They wore long flowing moustaches but no beards. In the 1^st century B.C. they lived in tribes and were ruled by chiefs whom all the tribesmen obeyed. The chiefs were military leaders and some of them were very powerful. The military leaders of the largest tribes were sometimes called kings. The Celts had no towns; they lived in villages. They were acquainted with the use of copper, tin and iron and they kept large herds of cattle and sheep. They were their chief wealth. They also cultivated crops, especially corn. The Celtic tribes of the Britons who inhabited the south-eastern parts of the island were more civilized than the other tribes. Their clothing was made of wool, woven in many colours while the other Celts wore skins.

Some of the Celtic tribes were quite large and fighting was common among them. In war-time the Celts wore skins and painted their faces with blue dye to make themselves look fierce. They were armed with swords and spears and used chariots on the battle-field.

The Celts worshipped Nature. They imagined the sky, the sun, the moon, the earth and the sea, to be ruled by beings like themselves, but much more powerful.

Appendix 2

Roman Britain (55 ВС — AD 410)

Caesar's expeditions

Julius Caesar led his forces into Britain in 55 ВС and again in 54 ВС. On both occasions, he landed in Kent. In 54 ВС, he advanced inland and captured Wheathampstead, near present-day St. Albans, Hertfordshire. But a rebellion in Gaul forced him to withdraw from Britain.

At the time Caesar landed, Britain, which the Romans called Britannia, consisted of tribal communities ruled by kings or queens. The country's importance as a trading centre was already well known but probably grew after Caesar's expeditions.

The Romans did not invade Britain again until nearly 100 years after Caesars two expeditions. They then occupied the southern part of the island for more than 350 years. During this period, Britain was a province of Rome. It was ruled by Roman governors and defended by Roman armies and fleets.

The Romans built towns from which they administered occupied areas. London became the civil capital. Canterbury, Leicester, St. Albans, Winchester, and other towns became centres of regional Roman government. Colchester, Gloucester, Lincoln, and York developed as settlements for retired Roman soldiers.

The arrival of the Romans

The Roman Emperor Claudius ordered the conquest of Britain in AD 43. At the Battle of the Medway, the Romans defeated the tribes of south-eastern Britain led by Caratacus. Claudius himself marched in triumph into Colchester, where many tribal chiefs submitted to him. The Romans then advanced northwards and westwards from London, building roads and establishing forts. Caratacus fled to the southern part of present-day Wales. There, he headed a tribe called the Silures and resisted the Romans until AD 51, when he was defeated and captured. By AD 61, the Romans controlled the country as far north and west as the Humber and Severn rivers. In that year, Suetonius Paulinus, the Roman governor, defeated a rebellion led by Boudicca, queen of the Iceni of East Anglia. Historians in the Middle Ages spelt her name Boadicea, and this form is still common.

Between AD 71 and 79, the Romans subdued western Britain. Gnaeus Agricola, appointed governor in AD 78, advanced northwards to the Firth of Forth and the Firth of Clyde. In the AD 120's, Emperor Hadrian built a wall from the Solway Firth to the River Tyne to defend Roman Britain from raids by the Picts and other tribes of northern Britain. From AD 140 to 142, during the reign of Emperor Antoninus Pius, Roman forces built a second defensive wall from the Firth of Forth to the Firth of Clyde, but they could not hold it against tribal attacks and eventually abandoned it.