Федеральное агентство по образованию государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Российский государственный педагогический университет им. А.И. Герцена»

Факультет иностранных языков

Реферат на тему:

Similarities and dissimilarities in the vocalic systems of English and Russian

Работу выполнила:

студентка III курса 1ПА группы

Филатова Оксана

V семестр, 2012-2013 уч.год

Санкт-Петербург, 2013

Список использованной литературы:

1. Борисова Л.В., Метлюк А.А. Теоретическая фонетика английского языка .‒ Минск : 1980.

2. Буланин Л.Л. Фонетика современного русского языка . - М.: 1970.

3. Васильев В.А. и др. Фонетика английского языка. Нормативный курс: Учебник для ин-тов и фак.иностр.яз. - 2-е изд., перераб. изд. - М.: Высшая школа, 1980.

4. М.А.Соколова и др. Практическая флнетика английского языка. - М.: 1997.

5. М.А.Соколова и др. Теоретическая фонетика английского языка. (Практикум) . - М.: 2001.

6. Vassilev V.A. English Phonetics A theoretical course . - Moscow : Нigher school publishing house , 1970 .

Vowels are sounds that are produced with no obstruction to the stream of air, so on the perception level their integral characteristic is naturally tone, not noise.

The vocalic system of the English language (its phonemic inventory (the number of phonemes)) includes twenty vowel phonemes of different quality.

The phonemic inventory of the Russian language includes six (6) vowel phonemes.

The quality of the vowel sound is determined by the size, volume and shape of the mouth resonator, which are modified by the movement of active speech organs, that is the tongue and the lips. Besides, the particular quality of a vowel can depend on a lot of other articulatory characteristics, such as the relative stability of the tongue, the position of the lips, physical duration of the segment, the force of articulation, the degree of tenseness of speech organs.

On the articulatory level the description of vowels notes changes: 1) in the stability of articulation; 2) in the tongue position; 3) in the lip position; 4) length; 5) the degree of tenseness; 6) in the character of the vowels end.

The stability of articulation

Stability of articulation specifies the actual position of the articulating organ in the process of the articulation of a vowel. There are several possible varieties: 1) the tongue position is stable; 2) it changes, that is the tongue moves from one position to another. In the first case the articulated vowel is relatively pure, in the second case a vowel consists of two clearly perceptible elements. There exists in addition a third variety, an intermediate case, when the change in the tongue position is fairly weak.

According to this principle the English vowel phonemes are subdivided into: