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ДНІПРОПЕТРОВСЬКИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ ІМЕНІ А. НОБЕЛЯ

КАФЕДРА ІНОЗЕМНИХ МОВ

Методичні вказівки

для студентів заочної форми навчання

щодо вивчення дисципліни

“Іноземна мова професійного спрямування”

(англійська)

галузі знань: 0305 “Економіка та підприємництво”

напрямів підготовки: “Економічна кібернетика”;

“Міжнародна економіка”

“Економіка підприємства”;

“Маркетинг”;

“Облік та аудит”,

“Товарознавство і торговельне

підприємництво”.

5 курс, ІХ семестр

Затверджено на засідання кафедри

Протокол № 1 від 30 серпня 2012 р.

Дніпропетровськ

2012

Методичні вказівки для студентів заочної форми навчання щодо вивчення дисципліни “Іноземна мова професійного спрямування” 5 курс, ІХ семестр /, С.П. Кожушко – Дніпропетровськ, ДУАН, 2012 – 36 с.

Укладач: С.П. Кожушко, зав. кафедрою іноземних мов

Відповідальний за випуск С.П. Кожушко, кандидат філологічних наук, доцент, завідуюча кафедрою іноземних мов.

Передмова

Збірник тренувальних завдань призначено для студентів 5 курсу (9 семестр) заочної форми навчання і має за мету подальший розвиток мовних знань та вмінь, а також контроль граматичного та лексичного матеріалу, пов’язаного з захистом дипломів.

I. Comprehensive reading

Text 1.

International business

Read the text and practice exercises:

International business includes all business transactions that involve two or more countries. Such business relationships may be private or governmental.

There are three primary motivations for firms to pursue international business: to expand sales, to acquire resources, and to diversify sources of sales and supplies.

The concept of international business includes the balance of trade (the relationship between exports and imports) and balance of payments (the difference between inward and outward cash flows).

A company can engage in international business through various means, including exporting and/or importing of merchandise and services, direct and portfolio investments, and strategic alliances with other companies.

Merchandise exports are tangible goods sent out of a country; merchandise imports are tangible goods brought in. Since these goods visibly leave and enter they are sometimes referred to as visible exports and imports.

Service exports and imports are international earnings other than those derived from goods sent to another country. Receipt of these earnings is considered a service export, whereas payment is considered a service import. Services are also referred to as invisibles. International business comprises many different types of services: travel, tourism, and transportation; performance of activities abroad; use of assets from abroad.

Foreign investment is the ownership of property abroad. Direct investment is a subset of foreign investment that takes place when control follows the investment. When two or more organizations share in the ownership of a direct investment, the operation is known as a joint venture.

Portfolio investment can be either debt or equity but the factor that distinguishes portfolio from direct investment is that control does not follow this kind of investment.

Countervailing forces influence the conditions in which companies operate and their options for operating internationally. The major factors causing changes in world trade and investment patterns are economic conditions, technology, wars and political relationships.

Exercises

Exercise 1. Study the following definitions. Make sure you understand them and can reproduce them from memory:

balance of payment - the financial record of all transactions between residents of one country and the rest of the world for some given time period;

balance of trade - the difference between the value of a country's exports and imports, including both goods and services;

foreign direct - investment an investment that gives the investor a controlling interest in a foreign company;

portfolio investment - an investment in the form of either debt or equity that does not give the investor a controlling interest;

cash flow - the record of the movement of cash into and out of a company's account;

visible trade - the balance of international trade in physical goods made up of exports and imports;

invisible trade - exports and imports which are services rather than goods.

Exercise 2. Find the following words and phrases in the text and translate the sentences containing them:

Business transactions; business relationships; to expand sales; inward and outward cash flows; strategic alliances; tangible goods; visible exports and imports; international earnings; payment; assets; ownership of property; direct investment; joint venture; equity.

Exercise 3. Find words in the text opposite in meaning to the following:

intangible, public, native, import, visible, to exclude, similar, nonpayment.

Exercise 4. Match the words in column A with their synonyms in column B:

A B

to include	to enlarge
international	material
transaction	goods
merchandise	union
to expand	to contain
alliance	choice
to diversify	to do business
tangible	main
primary	universal
to engage in	to modify
option	possession
property	deal

Exercise 5. Study the words in the box that frequently occur in front of or after the word "business":. Write all possible word combinations and translate them:

suit		monkey
	business	school
hours		card
international

Text 2.