36. What are the Third parties in usa?

1. Ideological parties -hold major programmatic goals (e.g., egalitarianism, ethnic solidarity, Islamic fundamentalism) and are deeply committed to the implementation of these goals to achieve comprehensive changes in the sociopolitical order. Ideological parties are usually extreme within the context of their particular political culture." Examples include the American Libertarian Party, North Korean Communist Party, and the German Green Party. 2.Single- issue parties-third party formed around one particular cause

3.protest parties-third party that arises in response to issues of popular concern which have not been addressed by the major parties

37. Political parties in kz with their heads and duties

1.“NUR OTAN” head is Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbaev. Social base of the Party is staff of state-funded institutions, students, science and culture specialists, representatives of small and medium business.

2. “AZAT” head is Bulat Mukishevich Abilov. Its goals are building of democratic, secular, legal and social state and open society, consolidation of the citizens’ efforts in the struggle for building independent, flourishing, democratic and free Kazakhstan.

3. Communist Party of Kazakhstan

First Secretary of the Party-Serikbolsyn A. Abdildin. The main goals set by the Party are establishment of conditions for building the society for freedom and social justice in the country, based on principles of scientific socialism: establishment of the communist social order.

4. Kazakhstan Social and Democratic Party “Auyl”

Party Chairman- Gani A.Kaliev. The goals of the Party are strengthening of the government regulation and support of agricultural sector; protection of interests of the rural workers: active assistance to implementation of economic and political reforms directed for further democratization of the society; reasonable business relationships in all economy sectors and increasing living standard of citizens.

5. Kazakhstan Patriots’ Party

Party Chairman- Gani E. Kasymov. . The Party declares the following goals: formation and implementation of the national revival of Kazakhstani people; building jural democratic state, civil society with market economy; involvement of socially active population for participation in management of government and public matters; sustainable development of the country; establishment of high quality of life with the priority to public health.

6. "Ruhaniyat" Party

Party Chair – Altynshash K. Zhaganova. The main tasks of the Party are economic growth, solutions to social problems, development of society with high moral standards and spiritual wealth

7. AK ZHOL” Democratic Party of Kazakhstan

Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Party –Alikhan M. Baimenov. The Party actively participates in activities of coordination commissions on development of recommendations for further democratization of Kazakhstan.

8. "Әділет" Democratic Party of Kazakhstan

Narikbayev Maksut Sultanovich is a Chairman of the Party. The Party considers it’s main task to be the construction in Kazakhstan of the legal democratic social state, creation of the effective, advanced and progressive economic system, formation of a civil society.

9. Communist People’s Party of Kazakhstan

First Secretary– Vladislav B. Kosarev. According to political platform of the Party, the basis of the Party’s activities of Marx-Lenin ideology adapted to modern realia of social development.

10. National Social Democratic Party (NSDP)

Chairman: Zharmakhan Aitbayuly Tuyakbay. The party consistently is working on realization of values of the international social democratic movement as well as principles of Freedom, Justice and Solidarity in the political practice of Kazakhstan.