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North Carolina	NC	Tar Heel State
North Dakota	ND	Flickertail State
Ohio	OH	Buckeye State
Oklahoma	OK	Sooner State
Oregon	OR	Beaver State
Pennsylvania	PA	Keystone State
Rhode Island	RI	Ocean State
South Carolina	SC	Palmetto State
South Dakota	SD	Sunshine State
Tennessee	TN	Volunteer State
Texas	TX	Lone Star State
Utah	UT	Beehive State
Vermont	VT	Green Mountain State
Virginia	VA	Old Dominion
Washington	WA	Evergreen State
West Virginia	WV	Mountain State
Wisconsin	WI	Badger State
Wyoming	WY	Eguality State

DC — District of Columbia

Exercise 8. What do the following abbreviations stand for? If necessary, consult the dictionary.

e.g., i.e., etc., R&D, 9 a.m, vs., S&T, TBA, info, ib. (ibid.), NASA, et a., ASCII, TCP/IP, VCR, WIMP, MIT, IQ, 7 p.m, Washington DC, Aug., Apr., Dec., Nov., Sept., s/he.

Exercise 9. Match the two columns.

1. Sometimes natural phenomena are reported as UFO. 2. Many students used BASIC when they first began to learn programming. 3. Most personal computers are now DOS-based. 4. TGIF is an expression of gratitude that the work week is almost over and that the weekend is about to begin. 5. The PLA process helps you identify learning gained from life and work, and may enable you to receive a diploma or certificate in less time, and with less cost.

A. disk operating system B. thank God it's Friday C. prior learning assessment D. unidentified flying object E. beginner's all-purpose symbolic instruction code

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Exercise 10. Choose the correct word and fill in the blanks.

(to) collect collection collective

1. Our department usually ____ this information.

2. This museum houses a magnificent art_____.

3. We all bear _____ responsibility for this decision.

(to) experiment experimental experimentation

4. They carried out this _____ last week.

5. They _____ with the new materials.

6. This model is purely _____.

7. After much ____ they understood the nature of the phenomena.

( to) assess assessment

8. It's too early _____ the effects of the decision.

9. What we need is a good ____ of our chances.

Exercise 11. Read the passage and answer the questions about it.

Millions of visitors year round find their way to Niagara Falls. They are soon captivated by the natural beauty of the Falls themselves and the surrounding parklands that lie parallel to the Niagara River from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. The Niagara River between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario is really a body of water flowing between the two lakes. Located on the Niagara River along the border between the United Stated and Canada, Niagara Falls actually consists of two Falls, the American Falls and the Horseshoe Falls. The former is on the U.S. side of the border, in the State of New York, while the latter is on Canadian side. About 85% the water in the Niagara River flows over the Horseshoe Falls, which is more impressive of the two falls.

Skylon Tower is one of Niagara's most famous landmarks where the «yellow bug» elevators glide the visitors smoothly to the Observation Deck, 775 feet above the Falls. Sightseers can also ride steamers «The Maid of the Mist» that come close to the boiling water of the Falls, or view them from parks on both sides of the river.

Rainbows can always be seen in the mist at Niagara Falls on bright sunny days. About 10 million people visit the Falls each year, most during the summer tourist season.

1. What is the best title for the passage?

a. Popular Attractions

b. Natural Wonders of the World

c. National Parks

d. Two Spectacular Waterfalls

2. Which of the following is entirely on the U.S. side of the border with Canada?

a. Horseshoe Falls

b. Niagara Falls

c. American Falls

d. the Niagara River

3. It can be inferred from the passage that Horseshoe Falls

a. is less impressive fall

b. is the larger of the two falls

c. has 15% of the Niagara River flowing over it

d. is in the state of New York