6.1. The United Nations bodies of the international aml/cft framework

1. The United Nations Security Council (unsc)

Its powers include the establishment of peacekeeping operations and international sanctions. The UNSC exercised its AML/CFT-related powers through resolutions that cover the initiatives on combating the financing of terrorism. The resolutions adopted under Chapter VII of the Charter of the UN are legally binding to all UN member states.

The UNSC Counter-Terrorism Committee (CTC) was established after September 11, 2001. The CTC was tasked with monitoring the implementation of UNSC resolution 1373 (2001).

The Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED) was established in 2004 to assist the work of CTC and to coordinate the process of monitoring the implementation of UNSC resolution 1373 (2001).

2. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (unodc)

It is responsible for carrying out the Global Program against Money Laundering (gpml est. 1997)

Grants to authorities from developing countries technical assistance against money laundering

Runs The International Money-Laundering Information Network (IMoLIN), a consolidated AML/CFT research resource (est. 1998) which provides data on:

• laws and regulations

• improvement in domestic laws

• countermeasures

• international co-operation

Organizes training workshops and seminars for employees of law enforcement agencies, the judiciary, regulatory bodies, central banks and private business enterprises in the banking and finance sector

Advisory services:

• reviewing legal and institutional frameworks

• assisting in the drafting or upgrading of legislation

• ensuring that the necessary mechanisms against money-laundering and the financing of terrorism are in place and are efficiently implemented

• developing of specific national and regional institutions, in particular the development of financial intelligence units

• raising the awareness, understanding and implementation of best practices in the regulation of financial services

6.2. The United Nations organizations of the international aml/cft framework

1. The International Monetary Fund (imf)

The IMF engaged in AML/CFT in 2001

Conducting scientific AML/CFT research and developing assessment methodology

By 2012 the IMF participated in over 70 technical assistance and research projects

Conducting financial sector assessments

Providing technical assistance

To evaluate countries’ compliance with international AML/CFT standard

Exercising surveillance over national economic systems

To help them to eliminate identified shortcoming of national AML/CFT systems

Launched a donor-supported trust fund to finance technical assistance in AML/CFT (2009)