• Active vocabulary

Read and learn the following words:

mind ум

point точка

conscious осознающий, находящийся в сознании

attempt пытаться

cure лечить

ailment недомогание, нездоровье, болезнь

allay избавиться

restore восстанавливать

gather собирать

inspiration вдохновение

reveal проявляться

unit единица

cell клетка

surround окружать

fashion образ действия; мода

• Read and translate the text

Text science

Biology is the study of living organisms and as soon as man`s mind developed to the point where it was conscious of itself as an object from the unmoving and unfeeling ground upon which he was standing, a form of biology began. For uncounted centuries biology was not in the form we would recognize as a science. Men were attempting to cure themselves and others of ailments, were trying to ally pain and restore health.

Again, man was observing the living machinery of the animal organism. He was gathering information for years. The best minds, however, devoted themselves not to the study of the visible world, but to the attempts to reach, through inspiration, understanding of the endless universe and controlling the world beyond.

But individual man must concentrate on the study of the world as it is revealed through the senses, on the study of the fundamental units of every living thing (animal or plant) such as the cell, for example. So the aim of biology was to present the surrounding world in a logical fashion and to give fundamental understanding of its ever standing, ever changing units and man himself.

NOTES

1. as soon as – как только

2. to be conscious of oneself – осознавать себя

3. to cure themselves and others of – лучить себя и других от…

4. to devote oneself – посвятить себя

5. through inspiration – интуитивно

6. in a logical fashion - логическим образом

• EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Find in the text English equivalents for these words

and word combinations:

1.ум человека 2. осознать себя 3. неисчислимый 4. вылечить самих себя 5. восстановить здоровье 6. собирать информацию 7. лучшие умы 8. бесконечная вселенная 9. сосредоточиться на… 10. логическим образом 11. постоянно изменяющийся

Exercise 2. Quote the sentences in which the following words and word combinations are used in the text:

To develop to the point, to recognize as a science, to allay pain, for years, through inspiration, to be revealed, to present

Exercise 3. Insert articles where necessary:

1. Biology is … study of living organisms.

2. it began when … man`s mind became conscious of itself as an object.

3. Men were trying to observe … animal organism first of all.

4. We were always eager to control … world around us.

5. …cell is one of the main fundamental units of every living thing.

6. The aim of biology is to show the world in … logical fashion.

Exercise 5. Answer the questions:

1. What is biology?

2. When did it begin?

3. Was it realized as a science at once?

4. What were men trying to do for uncounted centuries?

5. How long was the information gathered?

6. What did the best minds devote themselves to?

7. How must a man study the world?

8. What is the aim of biology?

Exercise 6. Translate into English:

1. Биология – это наука, изучающая живые организмы.

2. Столетиями биология не представляла собой логически оформленную науку.

3. В течение многих веков человек собирал информацию о живых организмах.

4. Мир познается не только через чувственное восприятие, но и путем познания основных составляющих живой природы.

5. Задача биологии – дать фундаментальное представление о мире, его постоянно изменяющейся природе и о самом человеке.

Exercise 7. Change the following into the Past Progressive Tense:

1. The man is standing near the window.

2. My friend told me that story.

3. Is she wearing a new dress?

4. The students spoke loudly.

5. It rained there yesterday.

6. They read that book.