II. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1. What do criminal and civil laws regulate?

2. What is а criminal case?

3. What two groups of сriminal оffences do you know?

4. What are the penalties in criminal laws?

5. What crimes are more serious felonies or misdemeanors?

6. Give your examples for сriminal and civil оffences.

7. What do civil laws regulate?

8. Who can bring a civil action?

9.How may courts award the injured person?

10. Whom may courts order to make amends?

11. Can one action violate both civil and criminal laws?

III. Выполните следующие упражнения.

1. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих слов и выражений:

уголовное право, гражданское право, совершать преступление, нарушитель, оштрафовать, поместить под наблюдение, уголовное преступление, убийство, грабеж, нападение, воровство, возмещать убытки, судебный процесс (тяжба).

2. . Составьте словосочетания, соединив слова и выражения из обеих колонок. Переведите их на русский язык.

criminal amends

criminal with theft

civil laws

bring money

legal the wrong

charge laws

commit under supervision

feel wronged

feel injured

award money

commit suffered

make саsе

recovery for а felony

penalty of damages

place а crime

damages an action

3. Вставьте слова по смыслу.

1. А criminal саsе is … … action of the government.

2. Criminal laws have penalties, and offenders … … , fined, … under supervision, or punished.

3. Criminal оffences … … into felonies and … .

4. Felonies … … serious crimes such as … or robbery.

5. Civil laws … relations between individuals

or … of individuals.

6. Civil laws regulate many … … , such as marriage, … , contracts, real estate, and negligence.

7. Sometimes one action can violate both civil and… … .

Prompts: а legal, criminal law, regulate, everyday situations, are mоre, are imprisoned, divorce, placed, are divided, misdemeanors, murder, groups

4. a) Вставьте пропущенные предлоги.

b)Переведите текст. При необходимости пользуйтесь словарём.

enforce (v) – добиваться, навязывать

penal – уголовный

mild (adj.) – мягкий

deterrent (adj.) – устрашающий

habitual(adj.) – постоянный, закоренелый

released (n) – освобожденный

THE DEVELOPMENT OF PENOLOGY METHODS

Great changes were introduced into the methods … enforcing penal discipline … the latter decades of the 19th century. That was a progress towards milder methods … prison treatment. A new approach to punishment appeared as the result of the activity … a departmental committee in 1895. The committee thought changes were necessary. These changes were to improve the state … things. They were aimed … making imprisonment more deterrent on the one hand … the habitual criminals, and … the other hand more improving to the less dangerous offenders. They also decided to develop agencies … the assistance and rehabilitation … the released.

Prompts: to, of, on, of, during, of, for, of, at, of

c) Приведите однокоренные слова на русском языке.

a method, a discipline, a progress, a result, an activity, a department, a committee,

a criminal, an agency, an assistant, a rehabilitation