Упражнения

4. Подберите английские эквиваленты к следующим русским словосочетаниям:

строительная площадка 1. diverse properties

успешно используются 2. tensile stress

растягивающее напряже- 3. properties of the ma-

ние terials

свойства материалов 4. construction site

прочность на сжатие 5. depending on applica-

в зависимости от приме- tion

нения 6. pleasing appearance

приятный внешний вид 7. mechanical properties

разнообразные свойства 8. wide application

широкое применение 9. compressive strength

простой кирпич 10. are advantageously

utilized

11. ordinary brick

12. volume weight

5. Разделите текст на части и определите, заголовком к какой части могут служить данные предложения.

1. The main characteristics of concrete.

2. The chief principles of plastics classification.

3. Factors that influence mass production of prefabricated large-size concrete and reinforced-concrete structural elements.

4. New tendencies in the choice of building materials.

5. The advantages of reinforced concrete.

6. Найдите, какие из данных предложений относятся к описанию бетона, кирпича и пластмасс.

1. There are some kinds of structural materials that have appeared comparatively recently, sometimes they consist of one polymer. But in building industry some complex materials consisting of a polymer and other components are used. 2. In many cases bricks too are very satisfactory for use in the construction. 3. There are some kinds of material which are brittle and cannot withstand tensile stress. 4. If steel is introduced into some kind of material it changes its property. 5. Some building materials offer a good resistance to compress-ive loads. 6. In respect of physical and mechanical proper­ties these materials are divided into rigid, semi-rigid and soft.

7. В соответствии с содержанием текста дополните неза­конченные предложения одним из данных вариантов (а, b, с):

1. Prefabrication means...

а) . . .reinforcement of brickwork with steel, b) . . .prc-assembly in a workshop, so that the building can be more quickly erected on the site, c) . . .craft operations at the build­ing site.

2. Reinforced concrete is a building material in which. . . a) . . .such properties as small volume weight and high

thermal conductivity are combined, b) . . .physical and mechanical properties at a normal temperature of 20°C make it semi-rigid and soft, c) . . .the joint functions of concrete and steel are advantageously utilized._

3. Like any other stone material, concrete offers. . . a) . . .the ability of binding together masonry units such

as stone, brick and'plaster. b) . . .a good resistance to compress-ive loads, c) . . .a lower volume weight and it is manufac­tured from a mixture of unslaked lime and quartz sand.

8. На основании содержания текста ответьте на следую­щие вопросы:

1. For what types of construction are reinforced concrete structures and elements used? 2. What new materials have come into use both in industry and building? 3. What made possible the mass production of prefabricated large-size con­crete elements? 4. In what industrial fields are plastics used? 5. How does steel introduced into concrete change its properties?

2A