- •Аннотация
- •Содержание
- •I. Read and translate the text “Building Materials” Building Materials
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Answer the questions
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
- •III. Put all types of questions to the sentence Concrete must be thoroughly worked into the forms
- •I. Translate the texts
- •II. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Exercise 8. Remake the sentences using Passive Voice like shown in the example: We often speak about him – He is often spoken about.
- •I. Read and translate the text sand
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Agree or disagree with the following statements
- •VI. Write down all the properties that sand has
- •VII. Retell the text “sand”
- •I. Read and translate the text copper
- •Vocabulary
- •Implement - инструмент
- •Virtue - достоинство
- •II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •Modern Building Materials (part a)
- •Vocabulary
- •Valuable - ценный
- •Interior - интерьер
- •Veneer - шпон
- •II. Answer the questions
- •III. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Agree or disagree with the statements
- •I. Read and translate the text Modern Building Materials (part a)
- •Vocabulary
- •Vast – громадный, обширный
- •Insulator – проводник
- •Vapor – пар
- •II. Answer the questions
- •III. Make up your own examples with the vocabulary
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Agree or disagree with the following statements
- •VI. Put all types of questions to the sentences
- •VII. Read and translate the text
- •VIII. Write a report on the topic “Modern Building materials”
- •IX. Retell your report
- •Exercises
- •I. Read and translate the text nickel
- •Vocabulary
- •Platinum
- •Vocabulary
- •I. Read and translate the text Building Professions
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary given above
- •III. Answer the questions
- •Exercises
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •Victim – жертва
- •Vocabulary
- •VI. Retell the text unit 4
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •Invention – изобретение
- •II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the following sentences
- •V. Make up a dialogue on the basis of this text
- •VI. Put all types of the sentences
- •VII. Retell the text grammar: gerund
- •Active Voice
- •Indefinite — reading
- •Passive Voice
- •Indefinite — being read
- •Exercises
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Invention – изобретение
- •Valuable – ценный
- •VI. Name the properties that asbestos has
- •VII. Retell the text unit 5
- •I. Read and translate the text Hand Tools
- •Vocabulary
- •Vice - тиски
- •Engineering Components
- •Vocabulary
- •Active voice
- •Passive voice
- •Exercises
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •VI. Name the properties that silver has
- •VII. Retell the text
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •The Art Of Building
- •Vocabulary to protect - защищать
- •Interior - внутренний
- •The art of building has changed greatly
- •Modern architecture is mainly the architecture of steel and concrete
- •High scale of Construction
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary given above
- •III. Answer the questions
- •Exercises
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Список используемых материалов литература
- •Интернет источники
Engineering Components
One of the most common forms of “component” is perhaps the bolt. It is used for fastening together any two or more parts of a machine. The body of a bolt is called the “shank”, one end of which has a “head”, the opposite end is “screw threaded” to accommodate a “nut”.
There are many forms of “heads”, each of which is designed for a specific purpose. The most common type is the “hexagon”. The most types of spanners are made to fit the standard “hexagon-head” bolt. The bolt is often fitted with a plain round “washer”. In addition to an ordinary nut being fitted to a bolt another nut is fitted to provide extra security.
The latter is called a lock nut. Another type of nut is the wind-nut, which is intended for hand use and doesn’t require a spanner for tightening it. A thumbnut also doesn’t require a spanner, but is intended to be screwed between the thumb and fingers.
Vocabulary
bolt - болт, винт
fastening - закрепление
shank - тело (болта, заклепки)
head - шапка
screw thread - резьба
to accommodate - приспосабливать
nut - гайка
hexagon - шестиугольник
washer - кольцо
lock nut - контр гайка
thumbnut - гайка-барашек
II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary given above
III. Answer the questions
What is one of the most common forms of “component”?
What is the bolt used for?
How is the body of a bolt called?
What is the most common type of the head?
What is called a lock nut?
What is the wind-nut?
What does a thumbnut require?
VI. Complete the sentences
The bolt is used for ….
… is “screw threaded” to accommodate a “nut”.
The most types of spanners are ….
… another nut is fitted to provide extra security.
Another type of nut is …
… but is intended to be screwed between the thumb and fingers.
V. Make up a dialogue with your group mate. One of you is a student that is having a practice course; the other one is a tutor. The practice course is over and the tutor asks questions to the student about nuts and bolts; the student is to answer the questions giving all information he/she can.
VI. Write a composition “Engineering Components” using the texts ““Engineering Components” and “Hand Tools”. You are to give the most important information from these texts.
VII. Retell your composition
GRAMMAR: PARTICIPLE I
Причастие I — неличная форма глагола, которая имеет функции прилагательного и наречия, так же как и глагола. Причастие I соответствует формам причастия и деепричастия в русском языке. Как и глагол, Причастие I имеет форм перфекта и залога:
Active voice
Неперфектное translating, going
Перфектное having translated, having gone
Passive voice
Неперфектное being translated,
Перфектное having been translated
Неперфектное причастие I действительного залога образуется от основы глагола при помощи суффикса – ing: translating, going;
Неперфектное причастие I страдательного залога образуется из причастия I вспомогательного глагола to be и причастия II: being translated;
Перфектное причастие I действительного залога образуется из причастия I вспомогательного глагола to have и причастия II: having translated, having gone;
Перфектное причастие I страдательного залога образуется из перфектного причастия I вспомогательного глагола to be и причастия II: having been translated.
В предложении причастие I употребляется в функции:
определения:
EXAMPLE: Running water is pure.
Проточная вода чистая.
EXAMPLE: The boy playing in the yard is my brother.
Мальчик, играющий во дворе, - мой брат.
Причастия в функции определения стоят до или после определяемого существительного и отвечают на вопрос какой? Причастия переводятся соответствующей формой русских причастий:
EXAMPLE: They were watching the moving particles.
Они наблюдали за движущимися частицами.
EXAMPLE: The room was lit by a burning candle.
Комната была освещена горевшей свечой.
EXAMPLE: The substance being investigated is first weighed. Исследуемое вещество сначала взвешивается.
обстоятельства:
EXAMPLE: Having run a long distance the sportsman was tired.
Пробежав длинную дистанцию, спортсмен устал.
While walking, I saw my brother.
Прогуливаясь, я увидел моего брата.
Обстоятельственные причастные обороты характеризуют сказуемое и отвечают на вопросы когда?, почему?, как? и т. д. Иногда причастные обстоятельственные обороты отделяются от главной части предложения запятой. Английские обстоятельственные причастные обороты переводятся на русский язык: 1) деепричастным оборотом, 2) группой отглагольного существительного с предлогом при, 3) обстоятельственным придаточным предложением.
EXAMPLE: Reading this book the student found out many interesting things.
Читая эту книгу, студент обнаружил много интересного.
Когда студент читал эту книгу, он обнаружил...
EXAMPLE: Being invited too late Morrison could not go to the conference.
Так как Моррисона пригласили слишком поздно, он не смог поехать на конференцию.
(Будучи приглашен слишком поздно, Моррисон не смог поехать...)
