Vocabulary

carpenter - плотник, столяр

joiner - кабельщик, монтер, столяр

bricklayer - каменщик

mason - каменщик

slater - кровельщик

tiler - кровельщик, плиточник

plumber - сантехник

electrician - электрик

house painter - маляр

glazier - глазировщик

floor and wall tiler - укладчик стен и полов

plasterer - штукатур

paper hanger - обойщик

steeplejack - верхолаз

hot and cold water fitter – сантехник, теплотехник

tradesman - работник, рабочий

civil engineer - гражданский инженер

II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary given above

III. Answer the questions

1. What building professions do you know?

2. Who is a bricklayer?

3. What does a carpenter do?

4. How does a joiner work?

5. How is a bricklayer called in Scotland and the USA?

6. What does a plasterer do?

7. What job does a construction manager do?

8. What is a construction manager responsible for?

9. What is a responsibility of a civil engineer?

10. What knowledge must civil engineers and architects have?

11. What is the main aim of civil engineers and architects?

12. What is the duty of an engineer?

IV. Complete the sentences

1. Bricklayer is a tradesman ….

2. Carpenter is a man who ….

3. Joiner is a man who …

4. In Scotland and the USA a bricklayer is ….

5. Plasterer is a tradesman who ….

6. Civil engineers and architects must have some knowledge of ….

7. Civil engineers and architects have the main aim ….

8. Civil engineer must not only help to fulfill construction programs but ….

V. Make up short dialogues with your group mate on the topic “Building professions”. One of you is a student that is having a practice course on a plant, the other one is a tutor. A student is to ask his tutor about 2 –3 building professions he is interested in, the tutor is to give as much information as he/she can.

VI. Pick any building profession you like from the text and prepare a short report about it using some additional information

VII. Write a composition called “Building professions”, giving the most important information about all building professions from the text and using your report

VIII. Retell your composition

GRAMMAR: INFINITIVE

Инфинитив — неличная форма глагола, обозначающая действие или состояние безотносительно к лицу, его совершающему.

1) Инфинитив может быть подлежащим в предложении

EXAMPLE: То sleep in the open air is pleasant.

To speak much was not necessary.

2) Инфинитив может быть прямым дополнением.

EXAMPLE: Не likes to write with a fountain-pen.

My sister asked me to go there with her.

3) Инфинитив может быть именной частью составного сказуемого

EXAMPLE: Her duty is to answer all letters.

Но у инфинитива есть и глагольные функции в предложении.

1) За инфинитивом следует прямое дополнение:

EXAMPLE: I like to read interesting stories.

2) Инфинитив определяется наречием

EXAMPLE: It is necessary to study systematically.

3) Инфинитив может входить в состав сложного сказуе­мого

EXAMPLE: Не must work very hard.

They began to speak English last year.

4) Инфинитив имеет формы времени и залога:

Active Voice

Indefinite write

Continuous be writing

Perfect have written

Perfect Continuous have been writing

Passive Voice

Indefinite be written

Perfect have been written

Инфинитив имеет ещё другие синтаксические функции.

1) Инфинитив может быть определением, заменяющим целое придаточное предложение.

EXAMPLE: Captain Petrov was the last to leave the ship (=who left the ship).

2) Инфинитив может быть обстоятельством цели, заменяющим обстоятельственное предложение цели:

EXAMPLE: She brought the fountain pen to have no difficulty in writing (=lest she should have difficulty in writing).

Инфинитив с частицей to употребляется в большом количестве случаев. Инфинитив без to употребляется в следующих случаях:

1) после модальных глаголов can, must, may и модальных выражений should better, should rather:

EXAMPLE: She can play the violin. EXAMPLE: You should better consult the dictionary.

2) В сложном дополнении, после глаголов see, hear, itch, feel, make, let

EXAMPLE: I saw him play football.

The teacher made them copy the exercises.

Let me go, please!