English people as they are

One of the most striking features of English life is the self-discipline and courtesy of people of all classes. There is little noisy behaviour, and practically no loud disputing in the street. People do not rush excitedly for seats in buses or trains, but take their seats in queues at bus stops in a quiet and orderly manner.

Englishmen are naturally polite and never tired of saying "Thank you," "I'm sorry," "Beg your pardon." If you follow anyone who is entering a building or a room, he will hold a door open for you. Many foreigners have commented on the remarkable politeness of the English people.

English people don't like displaying their emotions even in dangerous and tragic situations, and ordinary people seem to remain good-tempered and cheerful under difficulties.

The Englishman does not like any boasting or showing off in manners, dress and speech. Sometimes he conceals his knowledge: a linguist, for example, may not mention his understanding of a foreign language.

The Englishman prefers his own house to an apart­ment in a block of flats, because he doesn't wish his doing to be overlooked by his neighbours. "An Englishman's house is his castle."

Many Englishmen are very good to their wives at home. They help their wives in many ways. They clean the windows when they are at home on Saturday afternoon. They often wash up the dishes after supper in the evening.

Sunday is a very quiet day in London. All the shops are closed, and so are the theatres and most of the cine­mas. Londoners like to get out of town on Sundays. The sea is not far — only fifty or sixty miles away and peo­ple like to go down to the sea in summer or somewhere to the country for skiing in winter.

CONTENTS

Предисловие 3

Part One

Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky (to be read after Lesson 3) 4

James Clerk Maxwell $

The First Russian Woman-Scientist . » 6

How Can the Efficiency of Utilization of Solar Energy Be

Improved? (to be read after Lesson 4) 7

Gravitation 8

Automation in the USSR (to be read after Lesson 5) . . . . 9 Metric System and Its Origin (to be read after Lesson 6) . . 11 Progress of Inorganic Chemistry (to be read after Lesson 7) 11 A Great Invention of a Russian Scientist (to be read after Les- son 8) , 13

Telecommunications and TV Centre 14

Silent Metals (to be read after Lesson 9) 15

Fiameless Fire 16

Named after Mendeleyev (to be read after Lesson 10) ... 17

Marie Curie and the Discovery of Radium 19

Subterranean Heat Serves Man (to be read after Lesson 11) 20

The Refrigerating Sim 21

Tsiolkovsky's Dream Nears Realization (to be read after

Lesson 12) 22

Urban Problems (to be read after Lesson 13) 24

Astronomy and Radio (to be read after Lesson 14) .... 25

Electronics and Technical Progress 25

Land of Electricity (to be read after Lesson 15) 26

Voltage and Current . 28

Dubna, the City of Science (to be read after Lesson 16) . . . 29

Atomic Power for Rockets 30

Lasers Help Science and Industry (to be read after Lesson 17) §i

Surprises of "Optical" Metallurgy 32

Will the Desk Computers Think Instead of Us? (to be read

after Lesson 18) . . ................ 33

Part Two. Additional Reading

Science Opens Roads to Future 35

A Few Units Named After Famous Scientists 35

Sir Isaac Newton 37

A Window into the Invisible World 39

Powder Metallurgy Looks Towards the Future 40

Invisible Wire 41

Crystals . . 41

The Promising Field of High-Pressure Research .... 42

Uses of Electricity 43

Transmitting Pictures by Telephone 45

The Atom Structure 45

What is an Electron? 46

Look What Those Knuckle-Heads Are Doing 47

From "Vostok" to "Ether Towns" 49

New Storey for Space House 50

A Machine Should Work, and a Man — Think 51

Machines of Tomorrow Come Today 52

The Paradoxes of Vibration 53

Man and His Environment 54

Jokes and Anecdotes about Scientists 55

Part Three

Great Britain 64

Climate in England . 65

The Government of Great Britain 60

1. The Monarchy and the Cabinet 66

2. The Houses of Parliament 67

Political Parties 68

British Trade-Unions 69

Newspapers in Great Britain 70

Higher and Further Education in Britain 71

Post-Graduate Research Work and Degrees in Britain 73

Science in Britain 74

Sport . 75

London and Its Places of Interest 76

The Port and the Docks 78

London's Underground 79

Parks and Gardens of London 79

London Clubs 80

Theatres in England 81

Covent Garden 81

Royal Shakespeare Theatre 82

Museums 82

The British Museum 82

Tate Gallery 83

The National Gallery 84

The Royal Academy of Arts 84

The Museum of British Transport °^J

On Snobbery , ⁸⁶

The National Passion . . . » • i ⁸⁷

Driving Cars • i •«•*♦«•• ^⁷

If You Go to England ,,,,..,»•«» i • • ■> • 89

English People as They Are ,,,,,..».••«•« 90

Учебное издание

Андрианова Людмила Николаевна, Багрова Наталья Юрьевна, Ершова Элеонора Вилисовна

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

ДЛЯ ЗАОЧНЫХ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ВУЗОВ

Книга для чтения

Зав. редакцией II. Э. Волкова. Редактор Л. Н. Белая. Младший редактор В. А. Челышева. Художник В. И. Казакова. Художественный редактор В. И. Пономареико. Технический редактор Л. А. Муравьева. Старший корч ректор 3. Ф. Юрескул

ИБ № 6868

Изд. № А-44. Сдано в набор 22.09.87. Подп. в печать 24.03.88. Формат, 84Х1С8/эд. Бум. кн.-журн. Гарнитура литературная. Печать высокая. Объем 5,04 усл. печ. л. 5,26 усл. кр.-отт. 5,18 уч. изд, л. Тираж 100 000 зкз. Зак. № 1788. Цеиа 15 коп.

Издательство «Высшая школа». 101430, Москва, ГСП-4, Неглинная ул., д. 29/14.

Отпечатано с матриц ордена Октябрьской Революции и ордена Трудового Красного Знамени МГЦ) «Первая Образцовая типографиям им. А. А. Жда-. нова Союзполнграфпрома при Государственном комитете СССР по делам издательств, полиграфии и книжной торговли. II3054, Москва, Валовая, 28 в 1-й типографии Профиздата, 109044, Москва, Крутицкий .вал, 18. Зак, 646,

Андрианова Л. Н., Багрова Н. Ю., Ершова Э. В. А 65 Английский язык для заочных технических вузов: Книга для чтения: Учеб. пособие.— 5-е изд., испр. и доп.—М.: Высш. шк., 1988.— 95 с.

ISBN 5-06—001316—2

Цель пособия — формирование навыков чтения и понимания на­учно-технической литературы. Тексты первого раздела по тематике и языковому материалу соответствуют текстам основного учебника. Вторая часть пособия содержит тексты для обучения чтению с общим охватом содержания прочитанного. В третью часть включен страно­ведческий материал.

В 5-м издании (4-е-— 1980 г.) обновлена часть текстового мате­риала в соответствии с изменениями в основном учебнике.

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1 Андрианова Л. И., Багрова Н. Ю., Ершова Э. В. Англий­ский язык для заочных' технических вузов: Учебник.— М., 1988.