Прошедшее неопределенное (простое) время

Past Indefinite (Simple) Tense

Образование: глагол + окончание –ed или вторая форма глагола, если глагол неправильный (Ved/II) – worked, spoke.

Для образования вопросительных и отрицательных форм используется вспомогательный глагол “did”.

Показатели времени Past Indefinite: yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (month, year), 3 days ago, on Monday, in 1989, the other day.

Positive Form	Negative Form	General Question
He went to the university yesterday. They worked in the lab 2 days ago	He didn’t go to the university yesterday. They didn’t work in the lab 2 days ago	Did he go to the university yesterday? Did they work in the lab 2 days ago?

Общий вопрос (General Question) требует краткого ответа:

• Did he go to the university yesterday? – Yes, he did/No, he didn’t.

• Did they work in the lab 2 days ago? – Yes, they did/No, they didn’t.

Разделительный вопрос (Disjunctive Question):

• He went to the university yesterday, didn’t he?

• They worked in the lab 2 days ago, didn’t they?

• He didn’t go to the university yesterday, did he?

• They didn’t work in the lab 2 days ago, did they?

Специальный вопрос (Special Question):

Порядок слов:

1) вопросительное слово,

2) вспомогательный глагол (did),

3) подлежащее,

4) основной (смысловой) глагол.

• Where did he go yesterday?

• When did they work in the lab?

Вопрос к подлежащему задается без вспомогательного глагола “did”:

• Who went to the university yesterday?

• Who worked in the lab 2 days ago?

The Past Indefinite Tense употребляется для обозначения:

1. Однократного (простого) действия в прошлом:

• He met us at the station yesterday.

2. Последовательности действий в прошлом:

• He shut the window, switched off the light and went upstairs.

3. Повторяющегося действия в прошлом

• Last year he went to the theatre every week.

Примечание (Note). Повторяющиеся действия часто выражаются при помощи used to + Infinitive.

• They used to go to the forest every week. – Они, бывало, ходили в лес каждую неделю. (Они раньше ходили в лес каждую неделю.)

Exercises

Ex. 1. Put the sentences into the negative and interrogative form.

1. She planned her work very carefully.

2. They waited for him for a long time.

3. He worked as a judge last year.

4. Ann passed all her examinations last month.

5. We arrived home late yesterday.

6. They translated this text yesterday.

7. She decided to go there.

Ex. 2. Give 3 forms of irregular verbs.

Тo be, to have, to go, to see, to come, to give, to write, to read, to speak, to know, to leach, to take, to begin, to get, to say, to leave, to do, to make, to lose.

Ex. 3. Open the brackets. Use the verb in Past Simple/Indefinite.

1. She (go) to Moscow last summer.

2. Ann (come) home late yesterday.

3. 1 (give) you this book yesterday.

4. We (speak) to the Dean the day before yesterday.

5. She (to leave) Kirov for Moscow 5 years ago.

6. He (teach) us financial law at the University last year.

7. We (to have) breakfast 15 minutes ago.

Ex. 4. Put the following sentences into the negative form, ask general, disjunctive and special questions.

1. Our friends invited us to their party the day before yesterday. (who, where, when) 2. Laura passed her exams well. (who, how) 3. She went to the park yesterday. (where, when) 4. My parents worked in the garden at the weekend. (who, where) 5. Last year we went to the swimming pool every week. (how often)