Времена группы Indefinite (Simple) Настоящее неопределенное (простое) время

Present Indefinite (Simple) Tense

Образование: глагол без частицы “to” и окончаний (V) – speak, work; в 3-м лице в единственном числе к глаголу добавляется окончание “s” (Vs) – speaks, works.

Для образования вопросительных и отрицательных форм используются вспомогательные глаголы “do” и “does” (в 3-м лице в единственном числе).

Показатели времени Present Indefinite: usually, generally, always, never, often, seldom, sometimes, every day (month, year).

He never comes early.

She seldom goes there.

They usually have breakfast at 7 o’clock.

He sometimes comes here.

Sometimes he comes here.

He comes here sometimes.

Positive Form (утвердительная форма)	Negative Form (отрицательная форма)	General Question (общий вопрос)
He goes to the university every day. They go to the university every day	He doesn’t go to the university every day. They don’t go to the university every day	Does he go to the university every day? Do they go to the university every day?

Общий вопрос (General Question) требует краткого ответа:

• Does he go to the university every day? – Yes, he does/No, he doesn’t.

• Do they go to the university every day? – Yes, they do/No, they don’t.

Разделительный вопрос (Disjunctive Question):

• He goes to the university every day, doesn’t he?

• He doesn’t go to the university every day, does he?

• My friends go to the university every day, don’t they?

• My friends don’t go to the university every day, do they?

Специальный вопрос (Special Question):

Порядок слов:

1) вопросительное слово,

2) вспомогательный глагол (do/does),

3) подлежащее,

4) основной (смысловой) глагол.

• Where does he go every day?

Вопрос к подлежащему задается в 3 л. ед. ч. без вспомогательных глаголов “do” и “does”:

• Who goes to the university every day?

The Present Indefinite Tense употребляется для обозначения:

1. Постоянного действия (факта):

• She speaks English. They live in France.

2. Повторяющегося, привычного действия:

• The Browns go to the seaside every summer.

• We write two tests each term.

3. Общеизвестного факта:

• The Earth rotates round its axis.

4. Запланированного действия в будущем, согласно плану, расписанию и т. д.:

• The train leaves at 10 tomorrow.

5. В придаточных предложениях времени и условия, которые вводятся союзами: if, unless, provided that, when, until, till, as soon as, as long as, before:

• If he comes, I will ask him about it.

• We will send you the documents as soon as we receive them form our supplier.

Exercises

Ex. 1. Open the brackets. Use the verb in Present Simple/Indefinite.

1. We (discuss) this law very often.

2. He always (prepare) all the documents.

3. We often (go) to our office by bus.

4. This judge (work) very hard.

5. They (make) a lot of trips together.

6. She (speak) English very well.

7. I (receive) many visitors every day.

Ex. 2. Put the sentences into the negative form and interrogative form.

1. My father works as a militiaman.

2. She knows several foreign languages.

3. They discuss these problems at their meetings.

4. The students know about the meeting.

5. 1 work for this company.

6. My friend likes sports.

7. He does his home-work in the evening.

Ex. 3. Put the following sentences into the negative form, ask general and disjunctive questions.

1. Ann speaks English very well. 2. My friends want to buy a new sofa. 3. The students do some exercises in writing every lesson. 4. He likes to speak English with her. 5. My parents watch TV in the evening. 6. The swimming pool opens at 8.00 every morning. 7. My watch goes wrong. 8. We usually get up at 8 o’clock. 9. The Olympic Games take place every four years. 10. Helen and Nick visit their granny on Sundays. 11. Heavy trucks make a lot of noise. 12. The boys go to the swimming pool on Fridays. 13. The train leaves at 10 o’clock. 14. My nephew plays chess very well. 15. Jane usually walks in the evening.

Ex. 4. Ask special questions to the sentences.

1. My friends go to the country every week. (who, where, how often) 2. His sister always helps him with the exercises. (who, whose) 3. They come to the University at 11 o’clock in the morning. (who, when) 4. The students write an essay in class once a month. (what, how often) 5. Their children go to a private school. (who, where) 6. They usually get up at 6 o’clock. (what time)