Прошедшее завершенное длительное время (Past Perfect Continuous Tense)

Образование: “had” + “been” + глагол с окончанием -ng (had been Ving) – had been working.

Для образования вопросительных и отрицательных форм используется “had”.

Показатели времени Present Perfect: предлоги for, since.

Positive Form	Negative Form	General Question
He had been writing a letter for an hour when she came	He had not been writing a letter for an hour when she came	Had he been writing a letter for an hour when she came?

Общий вопрос (General Question) требует краткого ответа:

• Had he been writing a letter for an hour when she came? – Yes, he had/No, he hadn’t.

Разделительный вопрос (Disjunctive Question):

• He had been writing a letter for an hour when she came, hadn’t he?

• He hadn’t been writing a letter for an hour when she came, had he?

Специальный вопрос (Special Question):

Порядок слов:

1) вопросительное слово,

2) вспомогательный глагол (had),

3) подлежащее,

4) основной (смысловой) глагол (been Ving).

• How long had he been writing a letter when she came?

Вопрос к подлежащему – прямой порядок слов:

• Who had been writing a letter for an hour when she came?

The Past Perfect Continuous Tense употребляется:

1. Для выражения длительного действия, которое длилось до указанного момента в прошлом и все еще происходило в указанный момент.

• It had been raining for two hours when I left home.

2. Для выражения длительного действия, которое длилось до указанного момента в прошлом и завершилось незадолго до этого момента.

• He was tired. He had been working in the garden for several hours.

Exercises

Ex. 1. Use the Past Perfect Continuous.

1. Jane (study) English for five years before she got this job. 2. What the children (do) before they went to bed? – They (do) their homework for two hours. 3. Bill (do) military service for eighteen months. Yesterday he returned home. 4. We (travel) for about four hours when I realized that something was wrong with one of the tyres. 5. We (sit) in the cafe for half an hour until the rain stopped. 6. I couldn't drive to work because my sister (use) my car for a month and something was wrong with it. 7. I (listen) to her complaints all day before I dared to tell her what I really thought of it. 8. The girl (look for) her doll the whole morning before she found it in her bed.

Будущее завершенное длительное время (Future Perfect Continuous Tense)

Образование: “will” + “have” + “been” + глагол с окончанием -ng (will have been Ving) – will have been working.

Для образования вопросительных и отрицательных форм используется “will”.

Показатели времени Present Perfect: предлоги for, by.

Positive Form	Negative Form	General Question
He will have been working …	He will not have been working …	Will he have been working … ?

Общий вопрос (General Question) требует краткого ответа:

• Will he have been working in the garden for an hour when she comes? – Yes, he will/No, he won’t.

Разделительный вопрос (Disjunctive Question):

• He will have been working in the garden for an hour when she comes, won’t he?

• He will not have been working in the garden for an hour when she comes, will he?

Специальный вопрос (Special Question):

Порядок слов:

1) вопросительное слово,

2) вспомогательный глагол (will),

3) подлежащее,

4) основной (смысловой) глагол (have been Ving).

• How long will he have been working in the garden when she comes?

Вопрос к подлежащему – прямой порядок слов:

• Who will have been working in the garden for an hour when she comes?

The Future Perfect Continuous Tense употребляется:

Для выражения длительного будущего действия, которое начнется ранее другого будущего действия (или момента) и будет совершаться в момент его наступления.

• By next year my mother will have been teaching English for twenty years.

• We will have been living in this old house for years before we buy a new one.

Примечание (Note). С глаголами, не употребляющимися во временах группы Continuous (to see, to love, to be, to know и др. см. раздел 7, примечание 3), вместо Present, Past and Future Perfect Continuous употребляется Present, Past and Future Perfect.

• They have known each other for 10 years.

• We haven’t seen her since last summer.

• They had been married for 10 years before they divorced.

Exercises

Ex. 1. Use the Future Perfect Continuous.

1. By next year we (live) in this city for twenty-five years. 2. By this time next week, he (work) on his book for a year. 3. Do you realize that on September 15, you (repair) our car for three months? 4. We (fly) non-stop for three hours before we get to Lon­don tomorrow. 5. I (write) my course paper for two month before I defend it. 6. The children (play) out of doors the whole evening till their parents return home. 7. My father (dig) in the garden for three hours before he plants these bushes. 8. We (admire) the beauty of Italy for two weeks before we leave home. 9. By the time he arrives, I (pick) apples in our garden for two hours. 10. By the end of this year I (live) in England for three years. 11. I (cook) for a few hours before the quests arrive. 12. The children (decorate) the New Year tree for the whole evening before they go to bed.

Ex. 2. Put the following sentence in all tenses making the necessary changes.

He works in the garden every Sunday

Ex. 3. Define the tense of the verbs, translate the sentence into Russian

A

1. He plays chess well.

2. Someone is knocking at the door. Are you going to answer it?

3. I have already had my dinner.

4. How long have you been wearing glasses? – For five years.

5. She got up, washed, had breakfast and went to school.

6. The car had nobody in the engine was running.

7. After the sun had set we went home.

8. I had been working at the plant for two years before I could enter the University.

9. I’ll remember this day all my life.

10. The train will have left by the time we get to the station.

11. I’ll be doing my homework when you come.

12. By the first of September she will have been teaching at this school for 25 years

B

1. The train will have left by the time we get to the station.

2. What are you doing? – I am reading Crime and Punishment

3. I haven’t seen him for ages (since childhood, since 1975, since we left school)

4. She lives in Minsk

5. When the boy was playing in the yard he lost his mittens.

6. My sister will have been living in Minsk for five years by the end of this month

7. I had been working at the plant for two years before I could enter the University.

8. He will come again next year.

9. I will be watching TV at 5 o’clock.

10. How long have you been waiting for me? I have been waiting since 9 o’clock.

11. By that time mother had prepared dinner

12. He came at 12 last night.

Ex. 4. Revision of All Tenses in the Active Voice. Choose the right answer.

1. Megan … a lot recently, but she's looking much better now.

a) is ill b) was ill c) was being ill d) has been ill

2. We … for so many guests, so there wasn't enough food.

a) don't plan b) haven't planned c) hadn't planned d) didn't plan

3. Come quick; something terrible … .

a) happens b) happened с) has happened d) had happened

4. We … this visit for months; it's all planned out.

a) are planning b) were planning c) planned d) have been planning

5. I … eighteen in December.

a) am b) will be c) am going to be d) have been

6. I hope we ... by 12.30. Then we can have lunch together.

a) finish b) are finishing c) will finish d) will have finished

7. Gwen ... better at school since the new teacher arrived.

a) does b) is doing c) has done d) has been doing

8. You ... your test – well done!

a) pass b) passed c) have passed d) were passed

9. I am very tired today, and I am going to bed early. Don't call me after 9 p.m. I … .

a) sleep b) am sleeping c) will sleep d) will be sleeping

10. Karl … newspapers at breakfast. He prefers listening to the radio.

a) never reads b) is never reading c) never read d) will never be read

11. Donald ... a new bicycle last week.

a) buyed b) bought c) has bought d) had bought

12. Jill decided to clean the flat while her baby ... .

a) sleeps b) is sleeping c) was sleeping d) had been sleeping

13. Grandpa was very tired. He ... in the garden since early morning.

a) worked b) was working c) has been working d) had been working

14. Dick is an old friend of mine – we … each other for sixteen years.

a) know b) are knowing c) have known d) have been knowing

15. It's 8 p.m. I'm sure Fred ... the football match.

a) watch b) watches c) is watching d) had watched

16. When I saw Rick and Debbie at the party, they weren't on speaking terms. They ... .

a) obviously quarrelled c) have obviously quarrelled

b) were obviously quarrelled d) had obviously quarrelled

17. The children ... the bus when I saw them.

a) get off b) were got off c) were getting off d) have got off

18. Colin … to this house two years ago.

a) moved b) has moved c) had moved d) was moved

19. I came too late. The concert … .

a) already began с) had already begun

b) has already begun d) had already been beginning

20. It's cold today. A strong wind … .

a) blows b) is blowing c) had been blowing d) has been blown

21. I need a good rest. I … a heavy day.

a) am having b) have had c) have been had d) have been having

22. When I returned, Wendy … on her project.

a) still worked c) had still worked

b) was still working d) had still been working

23. When he … he … you.

a) wakes up, calls c) wakes up, will call

b) will wake up, will call d) will wake up, calls you

24. What time … tomorrow?

a) will your plane take off c) is your plane taking off

b) does your plane take off d) your plane will take off

25. I hope I … this chapter by the end of the day.

a) will have finished c) will finish

b) will have been finishing d) will be finishing