1. Match words in the text with their definitions.

1. CPU A. Light beam.

2. Byte B. Able to exist together, live together, or to be used together or with (another thing).

3. Supercomputer C. The centre of a computer's operations.

4. Photon D. Moving microscopic liquid on chips.

5. Nanometer E. The number of switches or bits.

6. Microfluidics F. 1 billionth of a meter.

7. Compatible G. The fastest computer available on the planet in

any given year.

II. Identify whether the following statements are true or false.

Use the model:

1) Student A: Software emulators slow down the performance. — Student B: That is really so, although software emulators allow the CPU to run incompatible programs, they severely slow down the performance.

2) S. A: The more complicated the instruction set is, the faster the CPU works. — S. B: No, that is wrong. The more complicated the instruction set is, the slower the CPU works.

1. The CPU is composed of the control unit and the arithmetic-logical unit only.

2. Three-dimensional structures on the chips at nanotechnology scale are not possible.

3. Most of today's personal computer CPU's have a 32 bit byte.

4. Today's supercomputers do not need much space and cooling equip­ment.

5. Silicon is the only substance used to create computer memory.

6. Today's computers based on electrons may one day become the dinosaurs of the early history of computers.

7. Computer memory does not contain many digital chips.

8. All the registers are general purpose.

III. Complete the following sentences using the words and

expressions given below.

1. The CPU processes collection of bits called ... .

2. If the same program can run on two different computer ... they are said to be compatible.

3. A byte is the number of switches or bits that the CPU can receive from RAM/ROM at one ....

4. Comparison operations allow a program to make decisions based on its ... data.

5. Companies are now developing three-dimensional structures on the chips at nanotechnology ....

6. It is possible for many CPU's to share computing ... in one computer.

7. The ALU takes data from the ... storage area inside the CPU named registers.

responsibilities temporary bytes input scale brands time

IV. Fill in the prepositions if necessary.

The CPU is centrally located on the motherboard. The processor is responsible ... everything your computer does. For example, the CPU runs

... the operating system, the software programs installed on your computer, and device peripherals such as printers and flatbed scanners. Since the CPU carries ... a large share of the work in the computer, data pass continually ... it. After processing, the data is sent back to the RAM and the units. The CPU continually receives instructions to be executed. Each type of CPU is designed to understand a specific group ... instruction called the instruction set. The work itself consists mostly ... calculations and data transport. Many types of personal computers can execute instructions in less than one-millionth of a second; supercomputers can execute instructions in less than one-billionth of a second. Each central processing unit has an internal clock (or system clock), which produces pulses ... a fixed rate to synchronise all computer operations. A single machine cycle instruction is made ... of a number of subinstructions, each of which must take ... least one clock cycle. The faster the clock speed, the more instructions it can execute.