- •Unit 1. Leading Companies of Oil and Gas Industry
- •Chevron: Providing Energy for Human Progress
- •Preparing for an interview
- •Category 2. Questions about Education
- •Modal Expressions: Ability and Inability
- •Unit 2. Business Conduct and Ethics Code of an Engineer
- •Code of Business Policies of tnk-bp
- •Canons of Professional Conduct
- •Modal Expressions: Scale of Likelihood
- •Improbability:
- •Impossibility:
- •Unit 3. Delivering Innovative Technology
- •Delving Deeper: Unlocking Offshore Energy
- •Presentation as a Special Communicative Genre
- •1. Communicative act
- •2. Attention Curve
- •3. Mode of Delivery
- •Types of Public Speeches
- •Informative speeches
- •Persuasive speeches
- •Goodwill (ceremonial) speeches
- •The Structure of a Presentation
- •Introduction
- •Conclusion
- •Information Organisation Patterns
- •1. Field m Development History
- •2. Drilling in Extreme Northern Regions
- •3. Abiogenic Petroleum Origin
- •Modal Expressions: Obligation
- •Unit 4. Company Profile and Records
- •Language of Presentations: Style and Typical Constructions
- •1. Style: communication instead of performing
- •Most audiences prefer a relatively informal approach. Compare the two variants with different degree of formality. Which one do you prefer?
- •Predominance of passive voice
- •Long attributive groups
- •Typical constructions
- •1. Introducing the topic
- •2. Previewing your speech
- •4. Closing a point / Changing the subject
- •11. Concluding your speech
- •12. Distributing support documentation
- •13. Closing formalities
- •14*. Transitions in a group presentation (combination of one speaker’s summary and another speaker’s preview) – should provide natural and logical flow of ideas.
- •Effective Vocal Techniques
- •1. Articulation / Word Stress
- •2. Pausing
- •3. Sentence Stress
- •4. Intonation
- •Body Language
- •Powerpoint Presentation Building Tool
- •Illustrations
- •Prepare a ‘Cue-Card’ Outline
- •1. Signaling your readiness to answer the questions
- •2. Handling Interruptions
- •5. Offering help to clarify information
- •A) Agree to a request q: Could we see that slide again?
- •Evaluation form
- •Modal expressions with perfect infinitive
- •Unit 5. Communication at Work
- •Questionnaire: Are You a Model Employee?
- •1. Understanding Responsibilities
- •2. Meetings (I)
- •3. Meetings (II)
- •4. General Workplace Communication
- •5. Regulations
- •6. Purpose of Job
- •Play Well With Others: Develop Effective Work Relationships
- •Department / departmental meeting
- •Roles at the meeting: chairperson
- •Roles at the meeting: participant
- •Meetings: Politeness strategies
- •Present Tenses
- •Present Simple and Present Continuous
- •Present Perfect
- •Unit 6. Safety at the Working Place
- •The Role of hse Issues in Petroleum Technology
- •Development of Petroleum Technology
- •The Ways to Combat Pollution from Petroleum Industry
- •Information Accentuation Techniques
- •1. Emphasis
- •Intensification
- •Emphatic attitude
- •Stressing auxiliaries and negatives
- •2. Rhematization – main idea at the beginning
- •3. Rhetorical questions
- •4. Creating rapport
- •Question tags
- •Negative question forms
- •Past tenses
- •Past Simple and Past Continuous
- •Past Perfect
- •Unit 7. Geology
- •Bodies of rock
- •Types of rock
- •Geological processes
- •Geologic features
- •Miscellaneous
- •Geology Quiz – Rocks and Minerals
- •Geoscience: introduction
- •Petroleum geology
- •Active vs Passive Voice
- •Unit 8. Formation Evaluation
- •Investigation of Reservoir Rocks
- •Interrelationships between Formation Evaluation Methods.
- •Conditionals
- •Unit 9. Oilfield Exploration and Reserves
- •Oilfields and Reserves
- •Comparison of adjectives
- •Use Of Visual Aids
- •Key Points for Successful Presentation of Statistical Information
- •1. Graphs and Charts
- •Ex. 25. Match the following types of visuals to their functions.
- •Commenting On a Visual
- •Ex. 31. Study the following patterns. Cause, Effect and Purpose
- •Relative clauses
- •Unit 10. Reservoir Engineering
- •Miscellaneous
- •Reservoir engineering
- •Reading Units of Measure
- •Gerund and Infinitive
- •Unit 11. Drilling Engineering
- •Structures
- •Other equipment
- •Miscellaneous
- •The Basics of Drilling Technology
- •Various types of bit:
- •Subordinate clauses of result and purpose
- •A subordinating conjunction followed by a verb
- •Unit 12. Well Completion and Production Technology
- •Well treatment techniques
- •Reservoir treatment techniques
- •Well Completion and Treatment
- •Countable and uncountable nouns
- •Unit 13. Research and Development in Oil and Gas Industry
- •Technological Progress in Oil and Gas Industry
- •Adjectives and adverbs
- •Unit 14. Environmental Monitoring in Oil and Gas Industry
- •Types of environmental damage
- •Types of tanks
- •Protective methods and equipment
- •Miscellaneous
- •Oil Spill Prevention and Response
- •Cleanup and Recovery
- •Prepositions of place
- •Unit 15. Academic Writing and Scientific Research
- •Types of research
- •Research professionals
- •General terms
- •Writing a Research Paper
- •1. Why a Scientific Format?
- •2. The Sections of the Paper
- •3. Section Headings
- •Introduction
- •A) Title, Authors' Names, and Institutional Affiliations
- •Oil Mobility in Transition Zones
- •Ex. 12. Read the second part of the text and note down the most useful recommendations.
- •1. Abstract
- •Ex. 13. Read an abstract of a research paper and find the following elements in the text:
- •3. Materials and methods
- •4. Results
- •5. Discussion
- •6. Acknowledgments (include as needed)
- •7. Literature cited
- •8. Appendices
- •Language of Research Papers
- •Bibliography
Unit 8. Formation Evaluation
Lead-in
Ex. 1. Study the following terms and their definitions.
Coring
core |
керн |
A sample of formation, usually reservoir rock, taken during or after drilling a well |
core plug |
образец керна |
A sample taken from a conventional core for analysis. Core plugs are typically 2.5 to 3.8 cm in diameter and 5 cm long. |
whole core |
цельный керн |
A complete section of a conventionally drilled core. The section may be up to about 0.6 m in length. |
sidewall core |
боковой керн |
A core taken from the side of the borehole, usually by a wireline tool. |
Logging
logging |
каротаж |
The measurement versus depth or time, or both, of one or more physical quantities in or around a well. |
mud logging |
анализ бурового раствора |
Analysis of drilling mud and cuttings for the presence of hydrocarbons and lithology interpretation. |
acoustic (sonic) logging |
акустический каротаж |
A log that displays travel time of sound waves from the source to the formation and back to a receiver. |
density logging |
плотностной каротаж |
A measurement of the density of the formation, based on the reduction in gamma ray flux between a source and a detector. |
gamma ray logging |
гамма-каротаж |
A log of total natural radioactivity of the formation. |
neutron logging |
нейтронный каротаж |
A log based on the ability of hydrogen to slow down and capture neutrons. Since hydrogen is found mainly in the pore fluids, the neutron log responds principally to porosity. |
resistivity logging |
каротаж сопротивления |
A wireline log of formation resistivity produced by a simple, unfocused arrangement of current emitting and measuring electrodes. |
SP logging |
каротаж СП |
A log of the natural difference in electrical potential between an electrode in the borehole and a fixed reference electrode on the surface. |
wireline logging |
кабельный каротаж |
The type of logging when the logging tool is lowered into the wellbore on an armored wireline. |
Parameters in electric logging
conductivity |
проводимость |
The ability of a material to conduct electricity, the inverse of resistivity. |
resistivity |
удельное сопротивление |
The ability of a material to resist electrical conduction, the inverse of conductivity. |
Ex. 2. Match the terms with their Russian equivalents.
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Ex. 3. Fill in the blanks in the following definitions with the appropriate words from the box.
wireline |
armoured wireline |
gamma ray flux |
source |
hydrogen |
fixed reference |
radioactivity |
tool |
travel time |
electrodes |
receiver |
fluids |
density |
electric potential |
porosity |
Acoustic logging – a log that displays (1) __________ of sound waves from the (2) __________ to the formation and back to the (3) __________.
Density logging – a measurement of the (4) __________ of the formation, based on the reduction in (5) __________ between a source and a detector.
Gamma ray logging – a log of total natural (6) __________ of the formation.
Neutron logging – a log based on the ability of (7) __________ to slow down and capture neutrons. Since this element is found in the pore (8) __________, the neutrol log responds principally to (9) __________.
Resistivity logging – a (10) __________ log of formation resistivity produced by a simple, unfocused arrangement of current emitting and measuring (11) __________.
SP logging – a log of natural difference in (12) __________ between an electrode in the borehole and a (13) __________ electrode on the surface.
Wireline logging – the type of logging when the logging (14) __________ is lowered into the wellbore on an (15) __________.
Ex. 4. Reconstruct the definitions with a word or a phrase.
Conductivity – the ability of a material to conduct, the inverse of (1) __________.
Core – a sample of formation, usually (2) __________, taken during or after drilling a well.
Core plug – a sample taken from a (3) __________ core for analysis.
Formation evaluation – the measurement of formation (4) __________ such as porosity, (5) __________, saturation, etc.
Log – the display of one or more on a strip of paper or film (hard copy), with (6) __________ in one axis.
Logging – the measurement versus depth or (7) __________, or both, of one or more physical quantities in or around a well.
Logging run – an operation in which a (8) __________ is lowered into a (9) __________ and then retrieved from the hole while recording (10) ___________.
Mud logging – analysis of (11) __________ and cuttings for the presence of (12) __________ and (13) __________ interpretation.
Resistivity – the ability of a material to resist electrical (14) __________, the inverse of conductivity.
Sidewall core – a core taken from the side of the borehole, usually by a (15) __________ tool.
Sonde – logging tool or section of a logging tool that contains the (16) __________.
Whole core – a complete section of a (17) __________ core. The section may be up to 0.6 m in (18) __________.
Reading and Vocabulary
Ex. 5. Read the text about the tools of formation evaluation.