- •И.А. Скрябина
- •Роат Москва – 2010
- •Isbn 978-5-7473-0520-5 © Московский государственный
- •Contents
- •Предисловие
- •Часть I. Аудиторные тексты с упражнениями (20 уроков) для работы с преподавателем и самостоятельной работы.
- •Часть II. Краткий грамматический справочник носит повторительный характер и только по тем разделам грамматики, которые отражены в пособии.
- •Часть III. Тексты для внеаудиторной работы с пояснениями.
- •Part I. Texts and exercises Unit 1
- •Read the text What does economics study?
- •I. Find the answers in the text:
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text:
- •III. Match the words with the definitions.
- •Grammar exercises
- •Word origin Robot: a slave
- •Malcolm Humphrey
- •Read the text History of economic thought
- •III. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box.
- •IV. Now read the text again and decide whether these statements are true or false.
- •Grammar exercises
- •VII. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§11). Translate the sentences.
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it. Word origin budget: Just a little bag
- •Read the text The traditional economy
- •I. Find the answers in the text:
- •Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Choose the correct answer а, в or с from the list below.
- •IV. Now read the text again and match each paragraph with the correct heading.
- •V. Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •VI. Say what you have learned about:
- •Grammar exercises
- •VII. Translate word combinations, the last noun is defined by previous nouns — here they are attributes (§ 3).
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it.
- •I. Find the answers in the text:
- •Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box.
- •Grammar exercises
- •VIII. Form the comparative and superlative degrees of the following words, translate them.
- •IX. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§ 11). Translate the sentences.
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it. Word origin
- •Volume: a roll of papyrus
- •Read the text The planned economy
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text:
- •Is going to happen
- •IV. Now read the text again and decide whether these statements are true or false.
- •V. Say what you have learned about:
- •VI. Discuss this question with your partner.
- •VII. Discuss the following with your partner.
- •Grammar exercises
- •IX. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§ 11). Translate the sentences.
- •Word origin Nickname
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box.
- •IV. Now read the text again and answer the questions.
- •V. Say what you have learned about:
- •VI. Discuss the following with your partner.
- •Grammar exercises
- •VII. Write questions to which underlined words are the answers (§ 12).
- •VIII. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§11). Translate the sentences.
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it. Word origin company: eats bread with you
- •3. A glimpse of Great Britain. Stand a good chance for English.
- •Read the text Consumer choices
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •Complete the sentences as in the text:
- •III. Now read the text again and answer the questions.
- •IV. Choose the correct word or phrase.
- •V. Say what you have learned about:
- •VI. Discuss with your partner how you make choices about what you are going to buy.
- •Grammar exercises
- •VII. Put the sentences into negative form (§ 13). Practise the use of the sentences in negative form.
- •VIII. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§11). Translate the sentences.
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it. Word origin Mirror: used for admiration
- •2. Read and translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. The poem to enjoy. Try to learn it by heart.
- •I. Find answers in the text.
- •Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Complete each sentence with a word from the box.
- •IV. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box:
- •Grammar exercises
- •X. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§11). Translate the sentences.
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it.
- •2. Read and translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. A glimpse of Great Britain Enlarge your greetings
- •I. Find answers in the text.
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Choose the correct answer а, в or с from the list below.
- •IV. Now read the text again and decide whether these statements are true or false.
- •V. Discuss the following with your partner.
- •VI. Say what you have learned about:
- •Grammar exercises
- •VII. Translate the sentences. Practise the use of Modal Verbs (§ 14).
- •VIII. Supply the correct forms of the verbs. (§ 11). Translate the sentences.
- •Word origin Hobby
- •2. Read and translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. The poem to enjoy. Try to learn it by heart. Robert frost The dust of snow
- •Read the text Money
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text:
- •III. Choose the correct word or phrase.
- •Grammar exercises
- •VIII. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§11). Translate the sentences.
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it. Word origin sandwich
- •2. Read and translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. A glimpse of Great Britain The London Tube
- •Unit 11
- •Read the text Banks
- •I. Find answers in the text.
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box:
- •V. Discuss the following with your partner.
- •VI. Say what you have learned about:
- •Grammar exercises
- •VII. Translate the sentences. Practise the use of Past Participle (§ 15).
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it. Word origin bribe: a piece of bread
- •2. Read and translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. The poem to enjoy. Try to learn it by heart. Henry w. Longfellow afternoon in february
- •Unit 12
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Match the words and phrases with the definitions.
- •IV. Now read the text again and match some paragraphs with the correct heading.
- •V. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box:
- •VI. Now read the text again and answer the questions.
- •VII. Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •VIII. Say what you have learned about:
- •Grammar exercises
- •IX. Translate the sentences. Practise the use of the Absolute Participle Construction (§ 16).
- •X. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§ 11). Translate the sentences.
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it. Word origin gymnastics: in the nude
- •2. Read and translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. A glimpse of Great Britain. Wonders of Cornwall
- •Unite 13
- •Read the text Division of labour
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box:
- •IV. Now read the text again and match each paragraph with the correct heading.
- •V. Say what you have learned about:
- •Grammar exercises
- •VI. Translate the sentences. Practise the use of Gerund (§ 17).
- •VII. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§ 11). Translate the sentences.
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it.
- •2. Read and translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. The poem to enjoy. Try to learn it by heart. Eunice Close Mad March wind
- •Unit 14
- •Read the text Inflation and unemployment
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Choose the correct word.
- •IV. Now read the text again and match each paragraph with the correct heading.
- •V. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box.
- •Grammar exercises
- •VIII. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§11). Translate the sentences.
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it. Word origin paper: from the papyrus plant
- •2. Read and translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. A glimpse of Great Britain British Christmas
- •Unit 15
- •Read the text Economic growth and shocks
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Choose the correct answer а, в or с from the list below.
- •IV. Now read the text again and choose the sentence which best summarizes each paragraph. Paragraph 1
- •V. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box:
- •VI. Now read the text again and choose the best way to finish each sentence.
- •VII. Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •VI. Say what you have learned about:
- •Grammar exercises
- •VII. Translate the sentences. Practise the use of Infinitives in different functions (§19).
- •Al leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it. Word origin bread: merely a fragment
- •2. Read and translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. The poem to enjoy. Try to learn it by heart. April Spring is coming
- •Unit 16
- •Read the text Less developed countries
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Choose the correct word.
- •IV. Now read the text again and choose the best answer а, в or с to complete each sentence.
- •V. Discuss this question with your partner.
- •VI. Say what you have learned about:
- •Grammar exercises
- •VII. Translate the sentences. Practise the use of Complex Object (§ 20).
- •VIII. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§11). Translate the sentences.
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it. Word origin magazine: once a storehouse
- •2. Read and translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. A glimpse of Great Britain. Small is beautiful
- •Unit 17
- •Read the text International trade
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text:
- •III. Complete each sentence with a word from the box.
- •IV. Now read the text again and decide whether these statements are true or false.
- •Grammar exercises
- •IX. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§ 11). Translate the sentences.
- •Word origin pupil: Just a doll
- •2. Translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. The poem to enjoy. Try to learn it by heart. Lovely May
- •Unit 18
- •Read the text
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text
- •III. Complete each sentence with a word from the box.
- •IV. Now read the text again and answer these questions in your own words.
- •V. Complete the summary by choosing the best word or number for each gap.
- •V. Discuss this question with your partner.
- •VI. Say what you have learned about:
- •Grammar exercises
- •VII. Translate the sentences. Practise the use and translation of sentences taking into account Sequence of Tenses (§22).
- •VIII. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§ 11). Translate the sentences.
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it. Word origin
- •2. Translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalent, give a situation using them.
- •3. A glimpse of Great Britain. Teens and Internet
- •Unit 19
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Match the words and phrases with the definitions.
- •Grammar exercises
- •VIII. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§ 11). Translate the sentences.
- •2. Translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. The poem to enjoy. Try to learn it by heart. The seasons
- •Unit 20
- •Read the text Russia’s foreign trade
- •I. Find answers in the text:
- •II. Complete the sentences as in the text.
- •III. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box.
- •IV. Now read the text again and decide whether these statements are true or false.
- •V. Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •VI. Say what you have learned about:
- •Grammar exercises
- •VII. Translate the asyndetic sentences (§ 24). Insert missed conjunctions.
- •VIII. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§11). Translate the sentences.
- •At leisure
- •1. Read the article without a dictionary, try to retell it. World origin Purse: made from hide
- •2. Translate the proverbs, think of Russian equivalents, give a situation using them.
- •3. A glimpse of Great Britain. British food
- •§ 8. Неопределенные местоимения
- •§ 9. Числительные
- •§ 10. Оборот there is (are)
- •§ 11. Глагол
- •§ 12. Образование вопросительной формы
- •§ 13. Образование отрицательной формы.
- •§ 14. Модальные глаголы
- •Глаголы долженствования
- •§ 15. Причастие
- •§ 16. Независимый причастный оборот
- •§ 17. Герундий
- •§ 18. Формы с окончанием -ing
- •§ 19. Инфинитив
- •§ 20. Инфинитивный оборот «Complex Оbject»
- •§ 22. Согласование времен
- •§ 23. Условные предложения
- •§ 24. Бессоюзные придаточные предложения
- •Суффиксы имен прилагательных
- •Суффиксы имен существительных
- •1. Fresh air (1400 р.С.*) Climate change
- •3. Time to use insurance to stop people building on flood plains (1600 р.С.)
- •4. Alternative Fuel: Russia’s Strides (1800 р.С.)
- •5. The truth about recycling (2200 р.С.)
- •6. Suffer the little children (2000 р.С.) Most of the rich world is short of babies
- •7. The benefits and the costs of living longer (2000 р.С.)
- •8. The end of retirement (1400 p.C.)
- •9. No place to call home (1600 p.C.) China’s migrant workers
- •10. Finding Oil or Saving Bears? (1800 p.C.)
- •125993, Москва, Часовая ул., 22/2
- •125993, Москва, Часовая ул., 22/2
V. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box:
disrupt, go on strike, gross national product, knock-on effect, miner, sharply, stagflation, unrest.
The total value of a country’s goods and services consumed in one year is called the
If something done affects something else, which then again affects something else, we call this a ………………..
If people are not happy with their government, there may be political
4. Being a and digging underground to bring out
minerals must be very dangerous.
5. Some people as a way of showing their unhappiness
with work conditions or pay.
6. If we have , there is a sharp drop in production of
some goods causing their price to rise.
7. A fallen tree can the electricity supply to thousands
of homes.
8. Prices have risen but unfortunately wages haven’t.
VI. Now read the text again and choose the best way to finish each sentence.
1. An economic shock causes ...
A. prices to rise.
B. a demand or supply shift.
C. demand to fall.
2. Demand-side shocks of a domestic nature ...
A. are caused by events in another country.
B. are only caused because of a fall in property prices.
C. are caused by events at home.
3. The Great Depression is an example of...
A. an external demand-side shock.
B. an external supply-side shock.
C. a domestic demand-side shock.
4. Supply-side shocks can cause ...
A. a fall in variable costs.
B. an increase in variable costs.
C. a fall in fixed costs.
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5. Stagflation is when ...
A. prices fall but output rises.
B. prices rise and output rises.
C. prices rise and output falls.
6. A positive supply-side shock is when ...
A. prices fall but output rises.
B. prices rise and output rises.
C. prices rise and output falls.
VII. Discuss these questions with your partner.
What do you think makes an economy grow?
Economists sometimes talk about economic shocks.
What do you think this might mean?
What might cause a shock to the economy?
VI. Say what you have learned about:
Living standard for different families
Gross national product (GNP)
Sharp increase in growth – boom
Training and education – necessary factors for economic growth
Right balance between consumption and saving
Think and give extensive answers.
Grammar exercises
VII. Translate the sentences. Practise the use of Infinitives in different functions (§19).
1. Although money is a helpful tool to measure output, there may arise certain difficulties. 2. Acting through their governments, societies can decide how much they want to take measures to change the distribution of income. 3. Economists consider capital to be the property owned by an individual or corporation. 4. Government regulates the level of aggregate demand in order to maintain full employment. 5. As taxes affect levels of prices for various goods, they influence the way to allocate resources in economy. 6. To calculate depreciation is necessary to know the value of the assets of an enterprise. 7. Stabilization policy is government actions to control the level of output in order to keep the
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GNP close to its full-employment level. 8. To run a business is to plan its activities and to determine all operations. 9. To use food stamps was common practice in many countries in wartime. 10. In order to earn income, we have to work hard.
VIII. Supply the correct forms of the verbs (§11). Translate the sentences.
1. The economists (to discuss) several reasons why only past (to be) unsuccessful. 2. State planning and central control of the economy often (to mean) that the state (to have) monopoly of important goods. 3. Economists (to say) that situation (can) last for a long period of time. 4. Money (to be) generally accepted means of payment. 5. Politicians and economists (to be) against restraining of money. 6. Most economists (to agree) that the government (to play) a very important role in speeding up economic development. 7. The last year inflation rate (to find) to be significant. 8. People who (to face) unemployment probably (not to make) immediate downward in their standard living.