Practical tasks

1. Define the type of syntactic stylistic device in the following sentences:

1. "If I stand on the bridge and look downstream, I get dizzy;  but if I look downstream, I feel as though I am looking up the business end of an avalanche." Annie Dillard 

2. "A man desires the satisfaction of his desires;  a woman desires the condition of desiring."Pam Houston    

3. To err is human, to forgive divine."  Alexander Pope

4. "We must remember that the peoples do not belong to the governments, but that the governments belong to the peoples."  Bernard Barusch (Speech to the United Nations of controlling atomic energy, june 14, 1946)

5. "Wealth and poverty, guilt and grief, orange and apple, God and Satan;  let us settle ourselves and work and wedge our feet downward through the mud and the slush of opinion, and prejudice, and tradition, and delusion, and appearance. . . ."        Henry David Thoreau

6. "However our eyes may be dazzled with show, or our ears dazzled with sound;  however prejudice may warp our wills, or interest darken our understanding, the simple voice of nature and of reason will say it is right."  Thomas Paine   

7. "They were stiff in their pain;  their muscles ached, their bones ached, their very hearts ached;  and because of this came the sharpness of speech."      Jack London  

8. "Together we saw life in all its different aspects and were often in the society of the great, the gifted, the influential, among whom were women beautiful in mind and body."    Helen Keller   

9. "I hope we may not be too overwhelmed one day by peoples too proud or too lazy or too soft to bend to the earth and pick up the things we eat."  John Steinbeck Travels with Charly

10. ". . . in order that they might live, (That is, to keep comfortably warm) and die in New England at last"   Henry David Thoreau       

11. "His grandfather went out to work a few mornings a week (he was a janitor for the high school) and his uncle Fritz slept in a kind of perpetual sleep in the back room."    Joyce Carol Oates  

12. "Twice has she condescended to give me her opinion (unasked too) on the subject!"  Jane Austen

13. "Men have become the tools of their tools."  Henry David Thoreau 

14. After buying a hot-buttered yam from a vendor, the narrator replied, "I yam what I yam."  Ralph Ellison  The Invisible Man

15. "A soul washed and saved is a soul doubly in danger, for everything in the world conspires against such a soul."   John Steinbeck

16. "How impious is the title of scared majesty applied to a worm, who in the midst of his splendor is crumbling into dust."    Thomas Paine

17. "Like Dave, he asked nothing. gave nothing, expected nothing. . . ."     Jack London    

18. "Give up money, give up fame, give up science, give up the earth itself and all it contains rather than do an immoral act."   Thomas Jefferson

Analyse the structure and form of the following stylistic devices (antithesis, anadiplosis, asyndeton, parallelism, polysendeton, climax, aposiopesis, rhetorical question). Dwell on their content and effect produced.

1. That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind. --Neil Armstrong

2. Success makes men proud; failure makes them wise.

3. In order that all men may be taught to speak truth, it is necessary that all likewise should learn to hear it. --Samuel Johnson

4. The scribes and Pharisees sit on Moses' seat; so practice and observe whatever they tell you, but not what they do; for they preach, but do not practice. --Matt. 23:2-3 (RSV)

5. Every man who proposes to grow eminent by learning should carry in his mind, at once, the difficulty of excellence and the force of industry; and remember that fame is not conferred but as the recompense of labor, and that labor, vigorously continued, has not often failed of its reward. --Samuel Johnson

6. Pleasure might cause her read, reading might make her know,/ Knowledge might pity win, and pity grace obtain . . . . --Philip Sidney

7. They have forsaken me, the fountain of living waters, and hewed them out cisterns, broken cisterns that can hold no water. --Jer. 2:13

8. The question next arises, How much confidence can we put in the people, when the people have elected Joe Doax?

9. In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. --John 1:1

10. On his return he received medals, honors, treasures, titles, fame.

11. She likes pickles, olives, raisins, dates, pretzels.

12. They spent the day wondering, searching, thinking, understanding.

13. They spent the day wondering, searching, thinking, and understanding.

14. If, as is the case, we feel responsibility, are ashamed, are frightened, at transgressing the voice of conscience, this implies that there is One to whom we are responsible, before whom we are ashamed, whose claims upon us we fear. --John Henry Newman

15. In books I find the dead as if they were alive; in books I foresee things to come; in books warlike affairs are set forth; from books come forth the laws of peace. --Richard de Bury

16. We certainly have within us the image of some person, to whom our love and veneration look, in whose smile we find our happiness, for whom we yearn, towards whom we direct our pleadings, in whose anger we are troubled and waste away. --John Henry Newman

17. They read and studied and wrote and drilled. I laughed and played and talked and flunked.

18. The water, like a witch's oils, / Burnt green, and blue, and white. --S. T. Coleridge

19. [He] pursues his way, / And swims, or sinks, or wades, or creeps, or flies. --John Milton

20. And to set forth the right standard, and to train according to it, and to help forward all students towards it according to their various capacities, this I conceive to be the business of a University. --John Henry Newman

21. Behold, the Lord maketh the earth empty, and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof. And it shall be, as with the people, so with the priest; as with the servant, so with his master; as with the maid, so with her mistress; as with the buyer, so with the seller; as with the lender, so with the borrower; as with the taker of usury, so with the giver of usury to him. --Isaiah 24:1-2 (KJV)

22. The concerto was applauded at the house of Baron von Schnooty, it was praised highly at court, it was voted best concerto of the year by the Academy, it was considered by Mozart the highlight of his career, and it has become known today as the best concerto in the world.

23. At 6:20 a.m. the ground began to heave. Windows rattled; then they broke. Objects started falling from shelves. Water heaters fell from their pedestals, tearing out plumbing. Outside, the road began to break up. Water mains and gas lines were wrenched apart, causing flooding and the danger of explosion. Office buildings began cracking; soon twenty, thirty, forty stories of concrete were diving at the helpless pedestrians panicking below.

24. To have faults is not good, but faults are human. Worse is to have them and not see them. Yet beyond that is to have faults, to see them, and to do nothing about them. But even that seems mild compared to him who knows his faults, and who parades them about and encourages them as though they were virtues.

25. If they use that section of the desert for bombing practice, the rock hunters will--.

26. I've got to make the team or I'll--.

27. But how can we expect to enjoy the scenery when the scenery consists entirely of garish billboards?

28. For if we lose the ability to perceive our faults, what is the good of living on? --Marcus Aurelius

29. Is justice then to be considered merely a word? Or is it whatever results from the bartering between attorneys?

30. Is this the end to which we are reduced? Is the disaster film the highest form of art we can expect from our era? Perhaps we should examine the alternatives presented by independent film maker Joe Blow .

The scheme of syntactic stylistic analysis

1. Define the stylistic function of sentences according to their communicative type, modality and general emotional and expressive colouring.

2. Define the functions of the macro and micro-syntactic structures (descriptive, generalizing, expressive).

3. Define the stylistic role of the sentence structures (simple, complex or compound).

4. Define the stylistic role of the sentence members.

5. Define the stylistic function of sentences that create the basis of stylistic devices.

6. Define the role of the syntactic stylistic devices in the development of the general artistic idea of the literary work (extract).

7. Define the features of the author’s individual artistic manner and style.

Lecture No 7

Text as an object of stylistic analysis

1.Stylistics of text.

2.Text vs. Discourse.

3.The main categories of text and their stylistic application

4.Stylistic analysis of the text.

5.Modern approaches to the analysis of text. The notion of textual concept, the notion of frame.

6.Quantitative and statistic methods of text analysis. Available software for text processing.