Advantages

• High deposition rates (over 100 lb/h (45 kg/h) have been reported).

• High operating factors in mechanized applications.

• Deep weld penetration.

• Sound welds are readily made (with good process design and control).

• High speed welding of thin sheet steels up to 5 m/min (16 ft/min) is possible.

• Minimal welding fume or arc light is emitted.

• Practically no edge preparation is necessary.

• The process is suitable for both indoor and outdoor works.

• Distortion is much less.

• Welds produced are sound, uniform, ductile, and corrosion resistant and have good impact value.

• Single pass welds can be made in thick plates with normal equipment.

• The arc is always covered under a blanket of flux, thus there is no chance of spatter of weld.

Заведующий кафедрой

общеобразовательных дисциплин

____________ В.П. Павлов

Уфимский государственный Кафедра общеобразовательных

авиационный технический дисциплин

университет

ЭКЗАМЕНАЦИОННЫЙ БИЛЕТ № 9

Факультет: АТС (СП) Вопрос: 2

Robot welding

Robot welding is the use of mechanized programmable tools (robots), which completely automate a welding process by both performing the weld and handling the part. Processes such as gas metal arc welding, while often automated, are not necessarily equivalent to robot welding, since a human operator sometimes prepares the materials to be welded. Robot welding is commonly used for resistance spot welding and arc welding in high production applications, such as the automotive industry. Robot welding is a relatively new application of robotics, even though robots were first introduced into US industry during the 1960s. The use of robots in welding did not take off until the 1980s, when the automotive industry began using robots extensively for spot welding. Since then, both the number of robots used in industry and the number of their applications has grown greatly. Cary and Helzer suggest that, as of 2005, more than 120,000 robots are used in North American industry, about half of them pertaining to welding. Growth is primarily limited by high equipment costs, and the resulting restriction to high-production applications.

Robot arc welding has begun growing quickly just recently, and already it commands about 20% of industrial robot applications. The major components of arc welding robots are the manipulator or the mechanical unit and the controller, which acts as the robot's "brain". The manipulator is what makes the robot move, and the design of these systems can be categorized into several common types, such as the SCARA robot and Cartesian coordinate robot, which use different coordinate systems to direct the arms of the machine.

The technology of signature image processing has been developed since the late 1990s for analyzing electrical data in real time collected from automated, robotic welding, thus enabling the optimization of welds.

Заведующий кафедрой

общеобразовательных дисциплин

____________ В.П. Павлов

Уфимский государственный Кафедра общеобразовательных

авиационный технический дисциплин

университет

ЭКЗАМЕНАЦИОННЫЙ БИЛЕТ № 10

Факультет: АТС (СП) Вопрос: 1