Союзы в условных придаточных предложениях

Основными союзами условных предложений являются:

1) if-если

If you wait for me, we shall Если вы подождете меня, мы

go there together. пойдем туда вместе.

2) unless -если ...не

Не will not finish his Он не закончит свою работу

work in time вовремя, если вы

unless you help him. ему не поможете.

3) provided (providing) - (при условии) если

We shall start out at 7 Мы выйдем точно в 7 часов,

sharp, provided every- (при условии) что все

body comes in time. соберутся вовремя.

ПЕРВЫЙ ГОД ОБУЧЕНИЯ

Упражнение 1. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Indefinite.

(USUALLY) 1. My sister (to get) up at eight o'clock. 2. She (to be) a school-girl. She (to -go) to school in the afternoon. 3. Jane (to be) fond of sports. She (to do) her morning exercises every day. 4. For breakfast she (to have) two eggs, a sandwich and a cup of tea. 5. After breakfast she (to go) to school. 6. It (to take) him two hours to do his homework. 7. She (to speak) French well. 8. My working day (to begin) at seven o'clock. I (to get) up, (to switch) on the radio and (to do) my morning exercises. It (to take) me fifteen minutes. At half past seven we (to have) breakfast. My father and I (to leave) home at eight o'clock. He (to take) a bus to his factory. My mother (to be) a doctor, she (to leave) home at nine o'clock. In the evening we (to gather) in the living-room. We (to watch) TV and (to talk).

Упражнение 2. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Present Indefinite.

(ОБЫЧНО) 1. Я работаю. 2. Мы работаем. 3. Они не работают. 4. Вы работаете? - Да. 5. Он работает? - Нет. Он учится. 6. Мой брат не учится. Он работает. 7. Моя сестра не читает книг. 8. Наша бабушка любит спать на диване. 9. Вы любите отдыхать в кресле? 10. Мы едим и пьем в кухне. 11. Мой брат не любит читать газеты. 12. Мы спим в спальне. 13. Мой брат спит на диване в жилой комнате. 14. Моя сестра одевается перед зеркалом. 15. Мой дядя пишет книги. 16. Мы пишем упражнения в школе.

Упражнение 3. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Present Indefinite.

1. Когда вы встаете? - Я встаю без четверти семь. 2. Когда встает твой брат? - Он встает без двадцати восемь А твоя сестра тоже встает без двадцати восемь? - Нет. Мой брат ходит в школу, а моя сестра не ходит в школу. Она еще не ученица. Она встает в девять часов. 3. Мой брат работает в больнице. Он врач. Он встает двадцать минут восьмого. Он работает утром и днем. Вечером он не работает. Вечером он отдыхает. 4. Твоя сестра говорит по-французски? - Нет. Она говорит по-немецки, а ее муж говорит по-английски.

Упражнение 4. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Present Indefinite.

Мой дядя инженер. Он очень занят. Его рабочий день начинается рано утром. Он встает в семь часов. Он умывается, одевается и завтракает. После завтрака он идет на работу. Он работает в институте. Он любит свою работу. Он женат. Его жена врач. Она работает в больнице. Вечером она изучает французский язык. Она посещает курсы французского языка. Мой дядя не говорит по-французски. Он говорит по-русски и по-немецки. Он изучает английский язык. Вечером он посещает курсы английского языка. Сын моего дяди ученик. Он ходит в школу. В школе он изучает английский язык.

Упражнение 5. Исправьте предложения.

Пример: The sun rises in the West.

The sun doesn't rise in the West. The sun rises in the East.

1. Mice catch cats.

2. Тhe Earth goes round the Moon.

3. The river Volga flows into the Black Sea.

4. Patients look after nurses in hospitals.

5. Water boils at 50 degrees Сеntigrаdе.

6. Indians live in Scotland.

7. Carpenters make things from metal.

8. Our city stands on the river Thames.

9. It often rains in Africa.

10. Tigers eat grass.

11. Our group studies Chinese.

12. Our classes begin at 8 а.m. еvеrу day.

Упражнение 6. Составьте вопросы и ответьте на них.

Пример: study English / study French

Does Ann study English оr French?

She studies English.

1. like pop music / jazz (you)

2. get up at 7 / 8 о' сlock (you mother)

3. go to the pictures often / once а month (your friends)

4. watch ТV еvеrу evening / at weekends (your family)

5. live in the centre of the city / in а new district (your boy-friend)

6. borrow books from the University library / the local library (you)

7. write dictations еvеrу week / onсе а month (pupils)

8. 1ike skiing / skating better (you)

9. make pies еvеrу day / оп Sundays (your mother)

Упражнение 7. Вставьте вместо пропусков do или does.

1. She (not) study Japanese. 2 .... your father smoke? 3 You (not) like to соmе home late, ... you? 4 .... they like their new flat? 5. ... you promise to help me? 6. My grandmother (not) work now. ... she keep house? 7. ... you often go to the library? 8. I (not) know his new address. 9. They (not) visit their friends еvеrу weekend. 10 .... it often rain in Spain? 11. Your watch (not) tell the right time, ... it? 12. They (not) often go to the theatre.

Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous.

(NOW) 1. The boys (to run) about in the garden. 2. I (to do) my homework. 3. John and his friends (to go) to the library. 4. Ann (to sit) at her desk. She (to study) geography. 5. A young man (to stand) at. the window. He (to smoke) a cigarette. 6. The old man (to walk) about the room. 7. The dog (to lie) on the floor. 8. You (to have) a break? 9. What language you (to study)? 10. Who (to lie) on the sofa? 11. What they (to talk) about? 12. It still (to rain).

Упражнение 8. Переведите на английский язык, упот­ребляя глаголы в Present Continuous.

(СЕЙЧАС ) 1. Я читаю. 2. Он не пишет. 3 . Мы не работаем. 4. Вы читаете? 5. Он спит? 6. Коля и Миша играют в футбол. 7. Катя играет на рояле. 8. Она не поет. 9. Моя сестра спит. 10. Папа пьет чай? 11. Твои родители пьют чай? 12. Я не сплю. 13. Она сидит за столом. 14. Мы делаем упражнение. 15. Мы не купаемся. 16. Они играют во дворе? 17. Нина и Аня моют пол. 18. Коля помогает маме. 19. Ты помогаешь папе? 20. Моя сестра читает интересную книгу. 21. Они идут в школу. 21. Вы идете в школу? 22. Он работает? 23 . Твоя бабушка идет в магазин? 24. Он покупает конфеты. 25. Что делает твоя сестра? 26. Где играют дети? 27. Почему ты смеешься? 28. Куда они идут? 29. Что несут эти мальчики?

Упражнение 9. Выполните по образцу.

We're walking round the city. Being a good detective, Dave can't help noticing and commenting on what's going on around him. He's got a practised eye, hasn't he?

Мы гуляем no городу. Так как Дейв — хороший детектив, он не может не замечать и не комментировать, что происходит вокруг. У него наметанный глаз, не так ли?

1. A pretty girl (cross) the street at the crossroads.

A pretty girl is crossing the street at the crossroads.

2. An elderly woman in a pink suit (wait) for a bus at the bus stop.

3. Two boys (go) along the street and (eat) ice cream.

4. A street musician (play) the violin.

5. He (wear) sunglasses.

6. A tall woman and a short man (sit) on a bench and (talk).

7. A stout man in a hat (smoke) a cigar.

8. A dark-haired woman (walk) with a poodle (пудель).

9. The poodle (bark — лаять) at a passer-by.

10. A policeman (explain) something to two tourists.

11. They (carry) big umbrellas and cameras.

12. A bald man (stand) on the corner and (read) a newspaper.

13. A woman (drive) a car and (talk) on the phone.

Упражнение 10.Употребите глаголы в Present Indefinite или в Present Continuous.

Пример: I can't afford that dress. It (cost) costs too much.

1. Look, It (begin)…to rain. Unfortunately, I (have, not)…my umbrella with me. Tom is lucky. He (wear) … a raincoat.

2. I (own, not)… an umbrella. I (wear) … a waterproof hat on rainy days.

3. Right now I (look) … around the classroom. Yoko (write) … in her book. Carlos (bite) … his pencil. Noll (scratch) … his head. Ahmed (stare) … out the window. He (seem) … to be daydreaming, but perhaps he (think) … hard about verb tenses.

4. There's a book on my desk, but it (belong, not) … to me.

5. Dennis (fix) … the roof of his house today, and he (need) … some help. Can you help him?

6. Barbara (tutor, often) … other students in her math class. This afternoon she (help) … Steve with his math assignment because he (understand, not) … the material they (work) … on in their class this week.

7. Right now I (look) … at Janet. She (look) … angry. I wonder what's the matter. She (have) … a frown on her face. She (have, not) … any fun right now.

A: Who is that woman who (stand) … next to the window?

B: Which woman? (Talk, you) … about the woman who (wear) … the blue and gold dress?

A: No, I (talk, not) about her. I (mean) … the woman who (wear) … the blue suit.

B: Oh. I (know, not) … I (recognize, not) …her.

A: Close your eyes. Now listen carefully. What (hear, you) …? What (do, I) …?

B: I (believe) … you (rub) … the top of your desk with your hand.

A: Close, but not exactly right. Try again. (Listen, you) … carefully?

B: Aha! You (rub) … your hands together.

A: Right!

Упражнение 11. Поставьте глаголы в Present Continuous Tense.

1. She (not work), she (swim) in the river. 2. He (teach) his son to ride. 3. Why Ann (not wear) her new dress? 4. The aeroplane (fly) at 2,000 metres. 5. What Tom (do) now? — He (clean) his shoes. 6. This fire (go) out. Somebody (bring) more coal? 7. It (rain)? —Yes, it (rain) very hard. You can't go out yet. 8. You (not tell) the truth.— How do you know that I (not tell) the truth? 9. Who (move) the furniture about upstairs? — It's Tom. He (paint) the front room. 10. Mrs. Jones (sweep) the steps outside her house. 11. What you (read) now?— I (read) "Crime and Punishment". 12. It's a lovely day. The sun (shine) and the birds (sing). 13. Someone (knock) at the door. You (not go) to answer it? — I (go) in a minute. I just (get) out of my bath. 14. My mother doesn't usually make cakes on Mondays, but she (make) one today as my aunt (come) to tea tomorrow. 15. Where is Tom? — He (lie) under the car. 16. Can I borrow your pen or you (use) it at the moment? 17. Why you (type) so fast? You (make) a lot of mistakes. 18. You can't see Ann because she (rest). She always rests after lunch. 19. What (make) that terrible noise? — It's the pneumatic drill. They (repair) the road. 20. The children are very quiet. Go and see what they (do). 21. I can't hear what you (say), the traffic (make) too much noise.

Упражнение 12. Определите предложения, составленные верно. Исправьте неверные.

1. Do you hear me well?

Аrе you hearing me well?

2. She is preferring apples to pears.

She prefers apples to pears.

3. I know what you mean.

I know what you are meaning.

4. The boy weighs 25 ki1os.

The bag is weighing too much.

5. We understand Spanish well.

We аrе understanding Spanish well.

6. The last bus starts in 10 minutes.

Тhe plane is arriving at 5.15 p. m.

7. We are reading the first English book in the original.

He is always reading English books in translation.

8. Do you like London?

She is liking this music.

9. She is constantly worrying about her children.

I am hating the heat.

10. She loves her baby.

She is loving her baby more than anything else.

Упражнение 13. Выберите правильную форму

1. The river Nile flows / is flowing into the Mediterranean.

2. My parents are living / live in Moscow.

3. He usually stays / is staying at the Baltimor Hotel when he is in London.

4. Don't forget to take your umbrella. It rains / is raining outside.

5. I am leaving / leave. Good night.

6. My dad is а teacher, but he doesn't work / is not working at the moment.

7. The boy does / is doing his homework now.

8. They seldom quarrel / are quarrelling.

9. The Earth moves / is moving round the Sun.

10. Now they are crossing / cross the street.

11. Birds fly / are flying to warm countries in autumn.

12. The children often laugh / are laughing at their funny little friend.

13. She always talks / is talking to him on the telephone

Упражнение 14. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в Present Indefinite или Present Continuous.

1. What's the matter? Why … the child (cry)?

2. She seldom ... home so early (come).

3. Hurry up! The train … in five minutes (start).

4. They … very well (not get on). They … always (quarrel).

5. We ... many books in the original, now we ... The Fairy Tales by Oscar Wilde (read).

6. Don't disturb her, she … at her essay (work).

7. ... you see well what ... on the stage (see, go)?

8. Where ... the chi1dren (be)? They ... computer games (play).

9. What ... you now (do)? I ... an аррlе pie (make).

10. John … , tomorrow to spend his holidays with us (come).

Упражнение 15. Ответьте на вопросы используя Present Continuous Tense.

А. 1. What song are they singing now?

2. What are you laughing at?

3. What photos is he showing?

4. Who are you looking at?

5. What are you hiding behind your back?

6. What rule is the teacher explaining now?

В. Ваш друг собирается посетить вечеринку. Расспросите его об этом, используя слова, данные в скобках.

Пример: Where / go?

Where are you going?

1. When / leave?

2. Go/ alone?

3. Go/ by car?

4. Where / stay?

5. How long / stay?

6. Meet / your friends?

7. Who / come to see off?

8. Take / much little luggage?

С. Ваш друг просит вас навестить его, но вы очень заняты. Загляните в свой ежедневник, и объясните ему, почему вы не сможете прийти.

Monday

Volleyball 7-30 р.m.

Tuesday

Work late (till 9 р.m.)

Wednesday

theatre (with mother)

Thursday

meet Julia 5 р.m.

Jack: Can you come on Monday evening?

You: Sorry, I'd love to but I'm playing volleyball

Jack: What about Tuesday evening then?

You: I can't I’m afraid. I (1)………….…………………

Jack: Well, what are you doing on Wednesday evening?

You: (2)…………………………………………………

Jack: I see. Well, are you free on Thursday evening?

You: I'm afraid not. (3)………………………………….

Упражнение 16. Put the verb into the most suitable form, Present Continuous or Present Indefinite, with а future meaning.

1. We (have) а party next Sunday.

2. What time (leave) the next train for Cambridge?

3. What you (do) on Monday evening?

4. The next show (start) at 7:30.

5. You know, Sarah (come) tomorrow and she (plan) to stay here for two weeks.

6. The an exhibition (open) in three days and (close) in two weeks.

7. Аlеx and Маrу (get married) next week.

8. The liner (leave) Dover at 11 а.m. Don't miss it.

9. John (meet) his boss tomorrow.

Упражнение 17. Перепишите следующий текст в прошедшем времени.

Boris wakes up when it is already quite light. He looks at his watch. It is a quarter to seven. Quick! Boris jumps out of bed and runs to the bathroom. He has just time to take a cold shower and drink a glass of tea with bread and butter. He is in a hurry to catch the eight o'clock train.

At the railway station he meets three other boys from his group. They all have small backpacks and fishing-rods.

In less than an hour they get off the train at a small station near a wood. They walk very quickly and soon find themselves on the shore of a large lake. The boys spend the whole day there fishing, boating and swimming.

They return home late at night, tired but happy.

Упражнение 18. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present или Past Indefinite.

1. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock every day. 2. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock yesterday. 3. My brother (to wash) his face every morning. 4. Yesterday he (to wash) his face at a quarter past seven. 5. I (not to have) history lessons every day. 6. We (not to rest) yesterday. 7. My brother (not to drink) coffee yesterday. 8. My mother always (to take) a bus to get to work, but yesterday she (not to take) a bus. Yesterday she (to walk) to her office. 9. You (to talk) to the members of your family every' day? - Yes, I .... But yesterday I (not to talk) to them: I (to be) very busy yesterday. 10. You (to come) home at six o'clock yesterday? •- No, I ... . Yesterday I (to come) home from school at half past eight. I (to be) very tired. I (to have) dinner with my family. After dinner I (to be) very thirsty. I (to drink) two cups of tea. Then I (to rest). 11. Your sister (to go) to school every day? Yes, she ....

Упражнение 19. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present или Past Indefinite.

1. My friend (to know) Spanish very well. 2. Who (to ring) you up an hour ago? 3. He (to live) on the third floor. 4. It (to take) you long to find his house yesterday? 5. When your lessons (to be) over on Monday? 6. I (to have) dinner with my family yesterday. 7. Her friends (to be) ready at five o'clock. 8. One of her brothers (to make) a tour of Europe last summer. 9. Queen Elizabeth II (to be) born in 1926. She (to become) Queen of England in 1952. 10. You always (to get) up at seven o'clock? - No, sometimes I (to get) up at half past seven.

Упражнение 20. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Indefinite.

1. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock every day. 2. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock yesterday. 3. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock tomorrow. 4. I (not to go) to the cinema every day. 5. I (not to go) to the cinema yesterday. 6. I (not to go) to the cinema tomorrow. 7. You (to watch) TV every day? 8. You (to watch) TV yesterday? 9. You (to watch) TV tomorrow? 10. When you (to leave) home for school every day? 11. When you (to leave) home for school yesterday? 12. When you (to leave) home for school tomorrow? 13. My brother (to go) to work every day. He (to leave) home at a quarter past eight. As the office he (to work) at (to be) near our house, he (to walk) there. He (not to take) a bus. Yesterday he (not to go) to work. Yesterday he (to get) up at nine o'clock. 14. You (to have) a PT lesson yesterday? No, I ... . 15. What you (to buy) at the shop yesterday? - I (to buy) a book. 16. Yesterday my father (not to read) newspapers because he (to be) very busy. He (to read) newspapers tomorrow.

Упражнение 21. Напишите по одному предложению, что вы делали в указанное в скобках время.

1. (at 8 o'clock yesterday evening) ...I was having dinner with some friends …

2. (at 5 o'clock last Saturday) ...I was ..

3. (at 10.15 yesterday morning)…

4. (at 4.30 this morning)…

5. (at 7.45 yesterday evening)…

6. (half an hour ago)…

Упражнение 22. Допишите предложения, используя время Past Continuous.

1. Tom burnt his hand while he ....was cooking the dinner.

2. The doorbell rang while I …

3. We saw an accident while we …

4. Mary fell asleep while she …

5. The television was on but nobody …

Упражнение 23. Поставьте глаголы в нужном времени Past Continuous или Past Indefinite.

I saw (see) Sue in town yesterday but she … (not/see) me. She … (look) the other way.

I …(meet) Tom and Ann at the airport a few weeks ago. They … (go) to Berlin and I …(go) to Madrid. We … (have) a chat while we … (wait) for our flights.

I … (cycle) home yesterday when suddenly a man …(step) out into the road in front of me. I … (go) quite fast but luckily I … (manage) to stop in time and… (not/hit) him.

Упражнение 24. Поставьте глаголы в правильную временную форму Past Continuous или Past Indefinite.

1. Jane ...was waiting.. (wait) for me when I...arrived... (arrive).

2. 'What … (you/do) this time yesterday?' 'I was asleep.'

3. '… (you/go) out last night?' 'No, I was too tired.'

4. 'Was Carol at the party last night?' 'Yes, she… (wear) a really nice dress.'

5. How fast … (you/drive) when the accident … (happen)?

6. John … (take) a photograph of me while I … (not/look).

7. We were in a very difficult position. We … (not/know) what to do.

8. I haven't seen Alan for ages. When I last … (see) him, he … (try) to find a job in London.

9. I … (walk) along the street when suddenly I … (hear) footsteps behind me. Somebody … (follow) me. I was frightened and I … (start) to run.

10 When I was young, I … (want) to be a bus driver.

Упражнение 25. Поставьте глаголы в правильную временную форму. Допишите окончание истории.

The sun … (shine) when John and Paul … (arrive) at the beach. It … (be) very hot and they both … (look) at the water. 'Let's go for a swim', John … (suggest). Paul … (be) first in the water. John … (swim) towards Paul when suddenly he … (see) a dark shape in the water. 'Paul!' he … (shout). Paul … (swim) and … (not hear) John. The black ship … (move) closer and closer. Paul … (turn) around and … (scream).

Упражнение 26. Закончите предложения, используя выражения, данные в скобках, поставив их в правильную временную форму: Past Continuous или Past Indefinite.

1. When I switched on the light I ... . (see а strange scene)

2. When the lecture entered the room the students ... . (talk in loud voices and laugh)

3. Не heard а strange noise when he ... . (come up to the house)

4. Nobody was listening to what he … . (say)

5. When I entered the shop the shop-girl ... . (show а nice dress to an elderly lady)

6. Мг. Brown was making а сall when his secretary ... . (bring in the morning post)

7. When she was five her mother ... . (teach her English)

8. It was already late and the people ... . (leave the party)

9. The ball was at its peak when John … .(arrive)

10. The ship ran against а rock and ... (sink) quickly.

11. It was cold and а strong wind ... . (blow from the North)

12. The patient was very ill and people ... . (talk in low voices)

Упражнение 27. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Continuous или Past Indefinite.

1. I (walk) slowly down the street when somebody (call) me.

2. The woman (put) some perfume into her bag when the shop-girl (see) her.

3. The woman (not/see) that the girl (look) at her.

4. We (not/stop) to look at а shop window.

5. She (try on) а sweater while I (talk) to the manager

6. ... you still (work) when I left?

7. I (wonder) whether you could lend me some money.

8. I (break) а plate last night. I (do) the washing up when it (slip) out of my hand.

9 Fred (not/drive) very fast when the accident (happen).

10. Не (live) in Paris during his last years.

Упражнение 28. Напишите, что вы делали в указанное время вчера.

8.30 р.m.; 11.20 а.m.; 2.00 р.m.; 4. 00 р.m.;

6.00 р.m.; 10.30 р.m.; 9.00 р.m.; 12.30 р.m.;

3.15 р.m.; 4.30 р.m.; 8.20 р.m.; 11.15 р.m.

Упражнение 29. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Continuous.

1. Why you (wa1k) along Oxford Street late yesterday evening?

2. I (read) in bed when I heard а scream.

3. What you (do) at this time yesterday?

4. What the girl (try on) when the fire alarm rang?

5. She (put) а pair of gloves into her bag when the shop-girl caught her at it.

6. You ( wait) for your friend when I saw you.

7. It (get) colder when the sun set.

8. The children (plау) quietly on the floor when their mother came back.

Упражнение 30. Переведите на английский язык предложения, используя время Past Indefinite или Past Continuous.

1.Хотя было уже поздно, кто-то играл на пианино в столовой. 2. Они редко выходили куда-нибудь по воскресеньям. 3. Она говорила по телефону, когда я вошла в комнату. 4. Он очень много работал в прошлом году. 5. Какие документы он просматривал, когда вы вошли в кабинет? 6. Где вы учили иностранные языки? 7. О чем мы говорили, когда она прервала нас? 8. Вчера он все утро играл в гольф. 9. Я смотрела интересный детектив по телевизору, когда зазвенел телефон. 10. Он пытался узнать мелодию, которую она играла.

Упражнение 31. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках в Present Perfect.

1. I (not get) the grant this year.

2. The settlers (leave) the bay forever.

3. Не (not answer) my letter yet.

4. You ever (eat) caviar?

5. She recently (become) а student.

6. They (travel) all over the world.

7. How long you (be) here?

8. I saw her in May but I (not see) her this month.

9. My friend (buy) а new car.

10. I (lose) mу gloves.

11. I never (ride) а camel.

12. They never (behave) like this before.

Упражнение 32. Дайте положительный ответ, используя глаголы, данные в скобках.

Пример: Are the rooms clean? (do)

Yes, Mother has done them.

1. Does she know the song? (learn)

2. Is breakfast ready? (cook)

3. Do you know how tasty the pie is? (eat)

4. Is she at home? (come)

5. Are the papers ready? (type)

6. Do you know the melody? (hear many times)

7. Can you speak on the subject? (read about it)

8. Is Ann on holiday? (go to Italy)

9. Are you ready with the report? (write it)

10. Can you do this work? (finish it)

Упражнение 33. Вставьте предлоги since или for в следующие предложения.

Пример: Where is Kate? Oh, she's been in London since 1993.

1. I’ve known him ... а long time. 2. We've been on holiday ... three weeks. З. He's been а student … four years. 4. She hasn't been to work … July. 5. She has been ill ... а fortnight. 6. They have been divorced ... last year. 7. We have been very busy … Christmas. 8. My grandmother has been а pensioner ... five years. 9. Не has been away .... а month.

Упражнение 34. Дайте отрицательные ответы, используя слова в скобках.

Пример: When did you see her last? (since autumn)

I haven't seen her since autumn.

1. When did it rain last? (since September)

2. When did you last eat caviar? (for ages)

3. When did you play chess last? (for а long time)

4. When did he last write to you? (since last summer)

5. When did you last go to Madrid? (never)

6. When did you last ride а horse? (for two months)

7. When did you last visit her? (since last month)

8. When did your boy-friend give you а present last? (since my birthday)

9. When did you buy fruits last? (for two days)

10. When did you speak to your German friends on the telephone last? (since New Year)

Упражнение 35. Вставьте already, ever, yet, just в предложения.

1. Have you … been to South Africa? 2. Have you ... finished writing your essay or did you finish it earlier? - I haven't finished it ... . 3. Shall I pay the waiter? - No, I’ve ... paid the bill. 4. Have you … spoken to а famous person? 5. Ann, lay the table. I’ve ... cooked dinner. 6. They don't know what the problem is. They have ... arrived. 7. Is it а good film? - Yes, it's the best I have … seen. 8. The post hasn’t come... . 9. She has ... explained the situation to me 10. He hasn't invited me to the party ... . 11. Nobody has found the lost city of Atlantis …

Упражнение 36. Ответьте по образцу на следующие приказы и просьбы.

Пример: Wi1l you make some sandwiches, please?

But I have already made them.

1. Do the flat, will you? 2. Will you sweep the floor, please? З. Please, give Peter this dictionary. 4. Will you send а telegram to Маrу, please? 5. Write them а letter at once, please! 6. Go and tell Mother everything. 7. Will you show the children your new slides, please? 8. Make fresh tea, please! 9. Bring some more bread from the kitchen, please! 10. Read this article by all means. 11. Do exercise 5, please. 12. Will you wash up the dishes, please!

Упражнение 37. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в Present Indefinite или Present Perfect.

1. I can't speak about the book. I (not read) it yet.

2. Every day I (wind up) my watch at 7 o'clock in the morning.

З. It's Friday. ... you (see) him this week?

4. Students usually (buy) books at the House of Books.

5. It's а pity, but I (not buy) this dictionary yet.

6. As а rule we (do) many exercise in class.

7. He (tell) this joke many times.

8. Something (go) wrong with my watch.

9. I already (translate) these sentences into French.

10. They (have) their English many hours а week.

11. She (work) much and usually (get) many good marks.

12. We (buy) а new ТV set this year

Упражнение 38. Переведите на английский язык, используя время Present Perfect.

1. Вы когда-нибудь были в Лондоне? 2. Он когда-нибудь рассказывал вам о своей жене? 3. Они когда-нибудь ссорились? 4. Вы когда-нибудь болели гриппом? 5. Он когда-нибудь дарил вам цветы? 6. Вы когда-нибудь летали на Дальний Восток? 7. Вы когда-нибудь видели такую красивую девушку? 8. Вы когда-нибудь учили французский? 9. Вы когда-нибудь пробовали спаржу (asparagus)? 10. Вы были влюблены когда-нибудь?

Упражнение 39. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Indefinite.

1. We (to travel) around Europe last year. 2. My father knows so much because he (to travel) a lot. 3. I (to see) Pete today. 4. She (to see) this film last Sunday. 5. Alex (to meet) his friend two hours ago. 6. I just (to meet) our teacher. 7. The children already (to decide) what to do with the books. 8. Yesterday they (to decide) to help their grandmother. 9. Helen speaks French so well because she (to live) in France. 10. She (to live) there last year. 11. The rain (to stop) and the sun is shining in the sky again. 12. The rain (to stop) half an hour ago. 13. Mary (to buy) a new hat. 14. I (to buy) a pair of gloves yesterday. 15. The wind (to blow) off the man's hat, and he cannot catch it. 16. The weather (to change), and we can go for a walk. 17. The wind (to change) in the morning.

Упражнение 40. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Indefinite.

1. I already (to do) my homework. Now I can go for a walk. 2. I (to do) my homework yesterday. 3. He just (to come) home. 4. He (to come) home a minute ago. 5. Nick (to play) football yesterday. 6. She already (to come) from school. Now she is doing her homework. 7. I (to read) this book last year. 8. I (to read) this book this year. 9. I never (to be) to Washington. 10. You ever (to be) to New York? 11. You ever (to see) the eruption of a volcano? 12. I (not yet to eat) today. 13. He (not to eat) yesterday. 14. You (to play) the piano yesterday? 15. You (to play) the piano today? 16. What you (to prepare) for today? 17. Look at this bird-house. Mike (to make) it himself. He (to make) it last Sunday. 18. Where you (to put) my pen? I cannot find it. 19. You (to see) Mary today? 20. When you (to see) Mary? - I (to see) her last week. 21. Your mother (to promise) to take you to the theatre? 22. Look at my new dress! I (to make) it myself. 23. He is not at school today, he (to fall) ill. - When he (to fall) ill? - He (to fall) ill yesterday.

Упражнение 41. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Indefinite.

1. At last I (to do) all my homework: now I shall go out. 2. The building of the house (to begin) early in April. 3. The rain (to stop) but a cold wind is still blowing. 4. We already (to solve) the problem. 5. He (to come) a moment ago. 6. I never (to speak) to him. 7. He just (to finish) his work. 8. You (to make) any spelling mistakes in your dictation? 9. It (to be) very cold yesterday. 10. When you (to meet) him? 11. I (not to see) him since 1987. 12. How many mushrooms you (to gather)? 13. Where you (to put) the newspaper? I want to read it, but cannot find it anywhere. 14. The new school (to begin) working last year. 15. You (to read) all the books on this shelf? 16. I (not to see) my cousin since last year. 17. Why you (to put) these things in the wrong place? 18. Why you (to leave) the door open? You will catch cold sitting in the draught. 19. "We (not to meet) for such a long time!" said my friend. "Yes, indeed," I answered, "and we both (to grow)." 20. What books you (to read) when you (to live) in the country? 21. They (not yet to come) from the south. 22. He (to be) ill last week, but now he (to recover). 23. If everybody (to read) this new novel, let's discuss it. 24. You (to book) tickets? - Yes, I ... . I (to book) them several days ago. 25. I can hardly recognize you. I (not to see) you since you (to leave) for Moscow. And you (to change) so much.

Упражнение 42. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Indefinite.

1. Не (to be) abroad five years ago. 2. You (to be) in the Caucasus last year? 3. They (to leave) England when he (to be) still a child. 4. He (not yet to come) back. 5. He (to go) already? 6. When you (to see) him last? 7. I (not to see) him for ages. 8. His health (to improve) greatly since I (to see) him last. 9. Last night I (to feel) tired and (to go) to bed very early. 10. Where you (to spend) your holidays? 11. You ever (to spend) your holidays in the Crimea? 12. While travelling in the Crimea I (to meet) your friend. 13. I never (to visit) that place. 14. He (to visit) that place last year. 15. I just (to get) a letter from Tom. 16. You (to take) any photographs while travelling in the south?

Упражнение 43. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Indefinite.

1. The sun (not to use) yet, but the sky in the east is getting lighter every minute. 2. I (to see) you walking along the street the other day with a heavy bag. 3, I (not to read) the newspaper today. 4. It is very late, and trams (to stop) running: we must find a taxi to get home. 5. How many times you (to be) to St. Petersburg? 6. At last I (to translate) this article: now I shall have a little rest. 7. We (to go) to the country yesterday, but the rain (to spoil) all the pleasure. 8. My watch was going in the morning, but now it (to stop). 9. The lecture (not yet to begin) and the students are talking in the classroom. 10. She just (to go) out. 11. She (to leave) the room a moment ago. 12. We (not yet to solve) the problem. 13. When it all (to happen)? 14. The morning was cold and rainy, but since ten o'clock the weather (to change) and now the sun is shining brightly. 15. Show me the dress which you (to make). 16. Oh, how dark it is! A large black cloud (to cover) the sky. I think it will start raining in a few minutes. 17. Oh, close the window! Look, all my papers (to fall) on the floor because of the wind. 18. When you (to open) the window? - I (to open) it ten minutes ago.

Упражнение 44. Поставьте глаголы в PAST INDEFINITE или PRESENT PERFECT.

1. I (attend, not) … any parties since I came here.

2. Al (go) … to a party at Sally's apartment last Saturday night.

3. Bill (arrive) … here three days ago.

4. Bill (be) … here since the 22^nd of December.

5. Try not to be absent from class again for the rest of the term. You (miss, already) … too many classes. You (miss) … two classes just last week.

6. Last January, I (see) … snow for the first time in my life.

7. In her whole lifetime, Anna (see, never) … snow.

8. I (know) … Greg Adams for ten years.

9. So far this week, I (have) … two tests and a quiz.

10. Up to now, Professor Williams (give) … our class five tests.

Упражнение 45. Составьте вопросы для каждой ситуации, используя слова, данные в скобках.

Пример: John looks sunburnt. You ask: (you / sit in the sun?)

Have you been sitting in the sun?

1. You have just arrived to meet a friend who is waiting for you. You ask: (you / wait / long?)

2. You meet a friend in the street. His face and hands are very dirty. Yon ask: (what / you / do?)

3. A friend of yours is now living in Baker Street. You want to know 'How long...?' You ask: - (how long / you / live / in Baker Street?)

4. A friend tells you about his job - he sells computers. You want to know 'How long...?' You ask: (how long / you / sell / computers?)

Упражнение 46. Прочитайте ситуации и закончите предложения.

Пример:The rain started two hours ago. It's still raining now.

It has been raining for two hours.

1. We started waiting for the bus 20 minutes ago. We're still waiting now.

We … for 20 minutes.

2. I started Spanish classes in December. I'm still learning Spanish now.

I … since December.

3. Ann began looking for a job six months ago. She's still looking now.

… for six months.

4. Mary started working in London on 18 January. She's still working there now.

… since 18 January.

5. Years ago you started writing to a penfriend. You still write to each other regularly now.

We … for years.

Упражнение 47. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в Present Continuous (I am -ing etc.) или Present Perfect Continuous (I have been -ing etc.).

Пример: Maria has been learning (learn) English for two years.

1. Hello, Tom. I … (look) for you all morning. Where have you been?

2. Why … (you/look) at me like that? Stop it!

3. We always go to Ireland for our holidays. We … (go) there for years.

4. I … (think) about what you said and I've decided to take your advice.

5. 'Is Ann on holiday this week?' 'No, she … (work).'

6. Sarah is very tired. She…(work) very hard recently.

Упражнение 48. Прочитайте ситуации и составьте по 2 предложения к ним, используя слова в скобках.

Пример: Tom started reading a book two hours ago. He is still reading it and now he is on page 53. (read / for two hours) He has been reading for two hours (read / 53 pages so far)...He has read 53pages so far

1. Linda is from Australia. She is travelling round Europe at the moment. She began her tour three months ago. (travel / for three months) She…(visit / six countries so far)

2. Jimmy is a tennis player. He began playing tennis when he was ten years old. This year he is national champion again - for the fourth time. (win / the national championship four times). ... (play / tennis since he was ten)

3. When they left college, Mary and Sue started making films together. They still make films. (make / ten films since they left college) They … (make/films since they left college)

Упражнение 49. К каждой ситуации задайте вопрос, используя слова, данные в скобках.

Пример: You have a friend who is learning Arabic.

You ask: (how long / learn / Arabic?) ...How long have you been learning Arabic?

1. You have just arrived to meet a mend. She is waiting for you. You ask: (how long/wait?)

2. You see somebody filling by the river. You ask: (how many fish/catch?)

3. Some friends of yours are having a party next week. You ask: (how many people/invite?)

4. A friend of yours is a teacher. You ask: (how long/teach?)

5. You meet somebody who is a writer. You ask: (how many books /write?) (how long/write/books?)

6. A friend of yours is saving money to go on holiday. You ask: (how long/save?) (how much money / save?)

Упражнение 50. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в Present Perfect Indefinite (I have done etc.) или Continuous (I have been doing etc.).

Пример: Where have you been? Have you been playing (you/play) tennis?

1. Look! Somebody … (break) that window.

2. You look tired … (you/work) hard?

3. '…(you/ever/work) in a factory?' 'No, never. '

4. Jane's away on holiday.' 'Oh, is she? Where … (she/go)?

5. My brother is an actor. He … (appear) in several films.

6. 'Sorry I'm late.' That's all right. I …(not/wait) long.'

7. 'Is it still raining?' 'No, it … (stop).'

8. I …(lose) my address book … (you/see) it anywhere?

9. I … (read) the book you lent me but I … (not/finish) it yet.

10. I … (read) the book you lent me, so you can have it back now.

Упражнение 51. Определите, является ли подчеркнутая форма глагола правильной или неправильной, исправьте неправильные предложения.

1. Bob is a friend of mine. I know him very well. ...RIGHT

2. Bob is a friend of mine. I know him for a long time. ...WRONG . I have known him

3. Sue and Alan are married since July

4. The weather is awful. It's raining again

5. The weather is awful. It's raining all day

6. I like your house. How long are you living there?

7. Graham is working in a shop for the last few months

8. I'm going to Paris tomorrow. I'm staying there until next Friday

9. 'Do you still smoke?' 'No, I gave it up. I don't smoke for years.’

10. That's a very old bicycle. How long do you have it?

Упражнение 52. Составьте предложения, начиная с фразы I’ll и подходящего глагола.

1. I feel a bit hungry. I think ... something to eat. 2. "Have you written that letter to Jack?" - "Oh, I forgot. ... it this evening." 3. "We haven't got milk!" - "Oh, haven't we. ... and get some." 4. "Would you like tea or coffee?" - "... coffee, please." 5. It's cold here. I think ... the window. 6. It's late to telephone Jack. Well, ... him in the morning. 7. Don't cook anything for me. ... (dine out) tonight. 8. .., some sandwiches for the party. 9. I don't like this dress. ... on the green dress. 10. "Are you going to send him a postcard or a telegram?" - "... him a telegram." 11. ... everything I can to help you. 12. "... him some tea", Naomi said.

Упражнение 53. Выберите правильную временную форму глагола.

1. Jack isn't free on Saturday. He will work / is working.

2. According to the weather forecast it will snow / is snowing tomorrow.

3. I expect he will arrive / is arriving tonight.

4. I am sure she will come / is coming tonight.

5. I can't see you this evening. A friend of mine will come / is coming.

6. Don't worry about the dog. It won't hurt /isn't hurting you.

7. He says the plane will take off/ is taking off in a minute.

8. The wind is getting stronger. It will rain / is raining in the night.

9. I hope the company will leave / is leaving in a few minutes.

10. Ann thinks that they will stay / are staying at a hotel.

Упражнение 54. Закончите диалоги.

Пример: A. I've got a headache.

B. I'll get you an aspirin.

1. A. I've spent all the money.

B. I'll … …

2. A . John and Mary have just got married.

B. Have they? I'll … …

3. A. What's his telephone number?

B. Just a moment. I'll … …

4. A. We've run out of bread.

B: Don’t worry. I’ll …

5. A. You'll need some books for your essay.

B. I'll ...... library.

6. A. Now you have a flat of your own. Will you keep any pets?

B. I'll ......

7. A. I have so many things to do before my son's birthday party.

B. Don't worry, I'll ......

8.A. It's a pity you haven't seen this film.

B. I'll ......

9.A. When can you bring me the book you promised?

B. I'll ......

Упражнение 55. Составьте предложения, используя время Future Indefinite

Пример: I hope I'll have a job in 10 years' time.

1. I hope 1 / have a job in 10 years time.

2. Perhaps I / have a good job,

3. I probably / not / be very rich.

4. I / not / look the same as I do now.

5. I think I / be married.

6. I / probably / have children.

7. I / perhaps / buy a house,

8. I / spend / much time in my garden.

Упражнение 56. Ответьте на вопросы о ваших предстоящих каникулах.

1. When will you have your next holiday? 2. Will you stay in town or go anywhere? 3. Who will you go there with? 4. What are you going to do there? Relax or see the sights, or both? 5. Will you go there by train, by plane or by car? 6. Where will you stay there? 7. Where will you have your meals? 8. How much do you think you will spend on your holiday? 9. Will you buy any souvenirs for your family and friends? 10. When will you come back?

Упражнение 57. Закончите предложения фразой I'll + подходящий глагол.

Пример: I'm too tired to walk home. I think I’ll get a taxi.

1. 'It's a bit cold in this room.' 'Is it? … on the heating then.'

2. 'We haven't got any milk.' 'Oh, haven't we? … and get some.'

3. 'Do you want me to do the washing-up?' 'No,it's all right… it’

4. 'I don't know how to use this computer.' 'OK, … you.'

5. 'Would you like tea or coffee?' ' … coffee, please.'

6. 'Goodbye! Have a nice holiday.' 'Thanks … you a postcard.'

7. Thank you for lending me your camera, … it back to you on Monday, OK?

8. Are you coming with us?' 'No, I think … here.'

Упражнение 58. Прочитайте ситуации, напишите предложения, начинающиеся с фраз I think I'll... или I don't think I'll....

Пример: It's a bit cold. You decide to close the window. You say: I think I’ll close the window.

1. You are feeling tired and it's quite late. You decide to go to bed.

You say: I think…

2. A friend of yours offers you a lift in his car but you decide to walk.

You say: Thank you but…

3.You arranged to play tennis today. Now you decide that you don't want to play.

You say: I don't think…

4.You were going to go swimming. Now you decide that you don't want to go…

Упражнение 59. Выберите правильный вариант.

Пример:'Did you phone Ruth?' 'Oh no, I forgot. I phone / I'll phone her now." (I'll phone is correct)

I can't meet you tomorrow afternoon. I'm playing / I'll play tennis. (I'm playing is correct)

1. 'I meet / I'll meet you outside the hotel in half an hour, OK?' 'Yes, that's fine.'

2. 'I need some money.' 'OK, I'm lending / I'll lend you some. How much do you need?'

3. I'm having / I'll have a party next Saturday. I hope you can come.

4. 'Remember to buy a newspaper when you go out." 'OK. I don't forget/1 won't forget.'

5. What time does your train leave / will your train leave tomorrow?

6. I asked Sue what happened but she doesn't tell / won't tell me.

7. 'Are you doing / Will you do anything tomorrow evening?' 'No, I'm free. Why?'

8. I don't want to go out alone. Do you come / Will you come with me?

9. It's a secret between us. I promise I don't tell /1 won't tell anybody.

Упражнение 60. Прочитайте ситуации, напишите предложения, начинающиеся с shall I... ? или shall we... ?

Пример:You and your friend want to do something this evening but you don't know what.

You ask your friend. What shall we do this evening?

1. You try on a jacket in a shop. You are not sure whether to buy it or not.

You ask a friend for advice. … it?

2. It's Ann's birthday next week. You want to give her a present but you don't know what.

You ask a friend for advice. What…

3. You and a friend are going on holiday together but you haven't decided where.

You ask him/her…

4. You and your friend are going out. You haven't decided whether to go by car or to walk.

You ask him/her … or …

5. Your friend wants you to phone later. You don't know what time to phone.

You ask him/her…

Упражнение 61. Выберите правильную форму глагола.

Пример: Ann isn't free on Saturday. She'll work / She's working. (She's working is correct)

1. I'll go / I'm going to a party tomorrow night. Would you like to come too?

2. I think Jane will get / is getting the job. She has a lot of experience.

3. 1 can't meet you this evening. A friend of mine will come / is coming to see me.

4. A: Have you decided where to go for your holidays?

B: Yes, we will go / we are going to Italy.

5. There's no need to be afraid of the dog. It won't hurt / It isn't hurting you.

Упражнение 62. Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.

1. Paul will be making a fuss about the affair. 2. Their manager will be lingering with the decision. 3. They will be having fun tomorrow afternoon. 4. All together we shall be watching a crucial football match. 5. The participants will be disputing for hours on end. 6. Stella will be pretending to be unaware of the whole business. 7. I shall be observing a unique operation from two till three o'clock tomorrow. 8. Mr. Pin will be performing a difficult music piece for the public. 9. Our relatives will be arriving very soon. 10. The idle people will be hanging around the place all day long.

Упражнение 63. Переведите на английский язык, используя время future continuous или другие временные формы.

1. Завтра в это время мы уже будем лететь в самолёте во Франкфурт. 2. Вот увидишь, я перееду в твой район, и мы будем видеться с тобой гораздо чаще. 3. Я слышала, вы едете отдыхать. Детей думаете с собой взять? 4. С двух до пяти завтра мы будем обсуждать проект нового делового центра. Позаботьтесь, пожа­луйста, о кофе для гостей. 5. Во время перерыва я буду разгова­ривать с мистером Клайдом. Разговор важный, поэтому поста­райтесь, чтобы нас никто не отвлекал. 6. Беатрис едет в Париж. Счастливая! Будет ходить по Лувру. — Да уж, конечно! Будет ходить и глазеть на витрины магазинов. 7. Я пригласила Джорджа Примроуза на вечеринку. Как думаешь, он придёт? 8. Знаю я эту Лиз. Придёт и будет молчать весь вечер, вот увидишь. 9. На следующей неделе я всё время буду готовиться к экзаменам. 10. Скоро мы все, как попугаи, начнём повторять вслед за новым начальником, что главное — это деловой энтузиазм. 11. Завтра я весь день буду тренироваться играть в сквош. А то я играю хуже всех в классе. 12. Я так сильно замёрзла. Сейчас приду домой и буду долго лежать в горячей ванне. 13. Интересно, Тим Бэрроуз возвратится в среду или нет? 14. Как мне найти мисс Пэлл? — Завтра в это время она будет играть на теннисном корте. Там Вы её и найдёте. 15. В течение часа дети будут плавать в бассей­не, а потом пойдут на ланч. 16. И что, мы будем это слушать? — Да, будете. — Вы в самом деле думаете, что я буду это всё слу­шать?

Упражнение 64. Ответьте на следующие вопросы, ис­пользуя Future Continuous Tense.

1. What will you be doing in the evening? And he? And your friend? And your sister? 2. Will your family be hav­ing supper when you come home? And his children? And your aunt? And her nephew? 3. Will you be working hard at your report next term? And they? And other students? 4. When will she be do­ing the washing? And Helen? And Susan? 5. Will he be working hard or having his rest at 5 o'clock? And Nick? And Pete? 6. Will they be studying German for two or three more years? And Ann?

Упражнение 65. Раскройте скобки и задайте вопросы по образцу:

Пример: You want to take your father's com­puter this evening, (you/use/your com­puter this evening?)

Will you be using your computer this evening?

1. You want to borrow your friend's tape-recorder tomorrow evening, (you/ use/your tape-recorder tomorrow evening?) 2. You want to ask your parents to post your letter, (you/pass the post office/ this evening?) 3. You want to borrow your brother's suit tomorrow evening? (you/wear/your suit tomorrow evening?)

Упражнение 66. Откройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в Future Continuous или Future Indefi­nite.

1. The teacher (to ask) us at the les­son. He (to ask) us the whole lesson. 2. He (to return) home on Sunday. Please, come and see us. 3. I (to read) in the library from 5 to 8 o'clock. 4. They (to go) to the South at this time tomorrow. 5. She (to become) a doctor in two years. 6. At the beginning of the lesson one of our students (to show) us his pictures.7. His daughter (to take) music lessons. 8. He (to sleep) tomorrow at 7 o'clock. 9. They (to have) coffee after dinner. 10.1 (to ring) you up at 6 o'clock the day af­ter tomorrow. 11. He (to drive) to town at this very hour tomorrow. 12. I'll come at two o'clock. Good, I (to expect) you.

Упражнение 67. Составьте предложения, используя слова, данные в скобках.

Пример: You went to Jill's house but she wasn't there, (she / go / out) ..She had gone out.

1. You went back to your home town after many years. It wasn't the same as before. (it / change / a lot) …

2. I invited Rachel to the party but she couldn't come. (she / arrange / to do something else) …

3. You went to the cinema last night. You arrived at the cinema late. (the film / already / begin) …

4. I was very pleased to see Tim again after such a long time. (I / not / see / him for five years) …

5. I offered Sue something to eat but she wasn't hungry. (she / just / have / breakfast) …

Упражнение 68. Прочитайте ситуации и напишите предложения, используя предлог before и глагол, данный в скобках.

Пример:The man sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. It was his first flight. (fly)

He had never flown before. ИЛИ He hadn't flown before.

1. A woman walked into the room. She was a complete stranger to me. (see) I… before.

2. Simon played tennis yesterday. He wasn't very good at it because it was his first game. (play) He …

3. Last year we went to Denmark. It was our first time there. (be) We …

Упражнение 69. Поставьте предложения, данные слева, в правильной последовательности, используя время Past Perfect где необходимо, начиная с подчеркнутого предложения.

1	Somebody broke into the office during the night	We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken into the office during the night. So we …
2	We arrived at work in the morning
3	We called the police
1	Ann went out	I tried to phone Ann this morning but … no answer. She …out
2	I tried to phone her this morning
3	There was no answer
1	Jim came back from holiday a few days ago	I met Jim a few days ago. He … just … He …
2	I met him the same day
3	He looked very well
1	Kevin wrote to Sally many times	Yesterday Kevin … He … very surprised. He … many times but she …
2	She never replied to his letters
3	Yesterday he had a phone call from her
4	He was very surprised

Упражнение 70. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Perfect или Past Indefinite.

1. 'Was Tom at the party when you arrived?' 'No, he had gone (go) home.'

2. I felt very tired when I got home, so I … (go) straight to bed.

3. The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody … (go) to bed.

4. Sorry I'm late. The car … (break) down on my way here.

5. We were driving along the road when we … (see) a car which … (break) down, so we … (stop) to see if we could help.

Упражнение 71. Составьте предложения исходя из данных ситуаций по модели: Используйте глаголы в скобках.

Mike didn't want to see this play, (to see) He had seen it before.

1. Mary was late for school. Her teach­er was very suprised. (to be late) 2. Nick played tennis. He wasn't very good, (to play) 3.1 didn't recognize Mark, (to chan­ge) 4. The children weren't hungry, (to have lunch) 5. The room was dirty, (clean)

Упражнение 72. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в Past Perfect.

1. She thought that Bill and Kate (to have) a quarrel. 2. By the time we came to see him, he (to return) home. 3. Dur­ing the holidays my friend decided to visit the town where he (to live) before the war. 4. When they entered the hall the perfomance (to begin) already. 5. When I came home my wife told me that she (to get) a letter from her friends. 6. When we arrived at the station our train (to leave) already. 7. By 2 o'clock the pro­fessor (to ask) all the students. 8. On my way to the office I remembered that I (to leave) the report at home. 9. All of my friends knew that I (to pass) all the ex­aminations successfully. 10. Before she entered the University she (to work) at school.

Упражнение 73. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Perfect.

1. Не looked at the man and understood he (see) him somewhere before.

2. The secretary asked who (break) her typewriter. Look! Somebody (break) my typewriter. 3. They (buy) the pears in the market. 4. The children said they (walk) 5 miles. 5. We wondered what they (do) since we last met. 6. My friends are hungry because they (have) nothing to eat since morning. 7. We just (walk) in the park. 8. When my parents came home they saw that someone (eat) the dinner. 9. Peter hoped there (be) no bad news since Sunday. 10. There (be) no bad news all this week.

Упражнение 74. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Perfect или Past Indefinite.

1. Не (to study) Spanish before he (to go) to Spain. 2. Bill (to say) to Ann that he (to get) his education in Oxford. 3. Jack (to want) to play the leading role in the play because he (to organize) the theatre. 4. Sam (to know) who (to attack) him in the darkness. 5. The girl (to be) happy that she (to find) the seat near the window. 6. Suddenly he (to remember) that he (not to call) her this evening. 7. By the time his parents (to come to see him) he (to make) friends with many children. 8. After Mary (to leave) Paris Pete (to run) to the airport to buy a ticket.

Упражнение 75. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в Past Perfect Tense или Past Indefinite Tense.

1. I (not yet do) half the work when he came in. 2. She told me everything about him after he (leave). 3. When we arrived, the concert already (begin).

Упражнение 76. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I only wanted to know why he had lost his job 2. When he reached home, Dinny had gone to bed, but Fleur was waiting for him. 3. After she had cried she felt better. 4. Hardly had the sun risen when the expedition started. 5. She had known him long before he left for India. 6. At last she made him tell her that he had got into debt. 7. No sooner had the clock struck midnight than there was a loud knock on the door. 8. She had finished cooking by 6 o'clock. 9. She had fallen out of love with him before the war was over. 10. The students had passed their last exam by the 1st of July.

Упражнение 77. Ответьте на приведенные ниже вопросы, используя время Past Perfect.

Пример: Why didn't you invite Dick to your party? (go to Moscow)

Because he had gone to Moscow.

1. Why did she refuse to go to the pictures with you? (see the film) 2. Why couldn't you get into the flat? (lose the key) 3. Why did you come so soon from your holiday? (spend all the money) 4. Why didn't you see Ann on Sunday? (go for the weekend) 5. Why did you rush to the cloak-room during the first break? (leave the books there) 6. Why didn't you ring Tom up? (quarrel with him) 7. Why didn't Mike bring the photos to the party? (not develop them) 8. Why didn't you send him a letter at once? (send a telegram) 9. Why didn't you give Nina the book yesterday? (give it to Lena) 10. Why were you late for classes yesterday? (miss the 8 o'clock train) 11. Why didn't you prepare salad? (not buy vegetables) 12. Why did he feel so upset? (lose his job)

Упражнение 78. Закончите предложения.

1. We walked home after (закончили работу в саду).

2. They thought that (она еще не пришла).

3. Did you ever see him after he (закончил институт).

4. I went down to the beach after (они ушли)

5. Before she entered the Medical Institute she (работала няней).

6. The girl felt easier after she (поговорила с ним).

7. When I turned round (она уже вышла из комнаты).

8. When Mother came home (дети уже легли спать).

9. She didn't want to speak to him (после того, как они поссорились).

10. He couldn't believe that (мы сделали это сами).

Упражнение 1. Составьте предложения, используя слова, данные в скобках.

Пример: I was very tired when I arrived home. (I / work /

hard all day)

I had been working hard all day.

1. The two boys came into the house. They had a football and they were both very tired, (they / play / football)

2. There was nobody in the room but there was a smell of cigarettes. (somebody / smoke / in the room)

3. Ann woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened and didn't know where she was. (she /dream)

4. When I got home, Mike was sitting in front of the TV. He had just turned it off. (he / watch / TV)

Упражнение 79. Закончите предложения.

1. We played tennis yesterday. Half an hour after we began playing, it started to rain. We had been playing for half an hour when It started to rain.

2. I had arranged to meet Tom in a restaurant. I arrived and waited for him. After 20 minutes I suddenly realised that I was in the wrong restaurant.

I … for 20 minutes when I …

3. Sarah got a job in a factory. Five years later the factory closed down.

At the time the factory … , Sarah …there for five years.

4. I went to a concert last week. The orchestra began playing. After about ten minutes a man in the audience suddenly began shouting.

The orchestra … when …

Упражнение 80. Поставьте глаголы в подходящую временную форму Past Continuous (I was doing), Past Perfect (I had done) или Past Perfect Continuous (I had been doing).

Пример: It was very noisy next door. Our neighbours were having (have) a party.

We were good friends. We .. had known (know) each other for a long time.

1. John and I went for a walk. I had difficulty keeping up with him because he … (walk) so fast.

2. Mary was sitting on the ground. She was out of breath. She … (run).

3. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table with their mouths full. They … (eat).

4. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table and talking. Their mouths were empty but their stomachs were full. They … (eat).

5. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He … (look) for his contact lens.

6. When I arrived, Kate … (wait) for me. She was rather annoyed with me because I was late and she … (wait) for a very long time.

7. I was sad when I sold my car, I … (have) it for a very long time.

8. We were extremely tired at the end of the journey. We … (travel) for more than 24 hours.

Упражнение 81. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в Present Perfect или Present Perfect Continuous.

1. Sorry I'm late. That's all right. I (no to wait) long. 2. Look at my hands. They are dirty. I (to paint the ceiling) 3. Ann (to travel) in Europe for three months. She (to see) three countries so far. 4. This young man (to write) books since he was 15. He (to write) 10 books so far. 5. John (to chose) clothes for two hours. He (to chose) only two suits.

Упражнение 82. Составьте предложения исходя из данной ситуации.

Пример: Pete and Mike looked tired, (work hard) They had been working hard.

1. Mary came to the lesson late. She was out of breath, (run) 2. Bill was excit­ed, (play hockey) 3. Steve and Kate looked unhappy and upset, (quarrel) 4. We came into the room. There was a tasty smell. (Mary/cook) 5. There were many books and text-books in the room. They were everywhere. (Kate/prepare for the test) 6. She did very well in the examinations (study hard through the term). 7. He was behind the class, (not study well) 8. She looked half asleep, (rest) The children were laughing (John/tell funny jokes) 9. He had a sore throat (talk a lot) 10. Mary's face was red (cry).

Упражнение 83. Поставьте глаголы, стоящие в скобках, в Past Continuous и Past Perfect Continuous.

1. When I came home he (to sleep). He (to sleep) for some time. 2. It (to rain) when left the house. It (to rain) hard during the whole morning. 3. She (to go) to this school for several years when they was broke out. 4. They (to sit) on the platform for 15 minutes before the train arrived.

Упражнение 84. Составьте предложения исходя из ситуации.

Пример: We began singing. After an hour Mike came.

We had been singing for an hour when Mike came.

1. They started playing cards. After half an hour Pete rang up. 2. Liz and Paul went to live to London. A year later their daughter came to see them. 3. The children started playing hide-and-seek. After about 20 minutes Jack joined them. 4. We started preparing for the party. Half an hour later the taxi came. 5. They drove for two hours. Then they stopped. 6. He worked in this school for 5 years. Then he changed his job.

Упражнение 85. Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.

1. She will have cooked dinner by the time you come.

2. The teacher will have looked through all our exercise-books by the end of the week.

3. The film will already have started when we get there.

4. I shall have read the book by next Monday.

5. My parents will have gone to bed when we come back from the theatre.

6. The students will have passed their exams by July.

7. We shall have finished our work by the time the bell rings.

Упражнение 86. Какой будет жизнь в 2100 г. Закончите предложения, используя will (shall) have + Past Participle.

Пример: By 2100 the world's population will have increased to around 30000 million.

1. Life ... (become) more automated by then.

2. Computers ... (take over) many of the jobs that people do today.

3. The earth's supplies of oil, coal and gas... (run out).

4. ... scientists (find) other sources of energy?

5. How ... education ... (change)?

6. ... we (find) a way to feed all the people in the world?

7. ... the climate (change) greatly?

8. Many new medicines ... (be invented) that will save life of many sick people.

Упражнение 87. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в Future Perfect.

1. I hope you (go) to bed by eleven. 2. She (listen) to the poem many times before she understands all the words. 3. They (get) you into trouble before you can say knife. 4. I hope the telegram (come) before they start for the North. 5. The news of their marriage (reach) their village before they gel there, 6. She (be) there many times before she meets him again. 7. They believe the ship (come) back by the end of the navigation. 8. I suppose she (make) some provisions for Maggie before she leaves for America. 9. They (take) their last exam by the first of July. 10. He (write) the last chapter of his new book by the end of the year. 11. By the time you come I (clean) the flat and (cook) dinner.

Упражнение 88. Закончите предложения, используя выражения, данные в скобках, в Future Perfect.

1. By the time you meet him he ... (do a lot of work).

2. By the time the lessons are over the pupils ... (run out of the classroom).

3. Before the bell rings the children ... (prepare everything for the lesson).

4. When my letter reaches you I ... (move to New York).

5. Before I hear from my sister again I ... (make many inquiries about her).

6. Before supper my father ... (look through evening papers).

7. By the time we get there the sun ... (set).

8. Before you learn to speak English fluently you ... (do many exercises).

9. By the time you .get your pay she ... (spend all the money).

10. By the time he consults his lawyer his posi­tion ... (become much worse).

Упражнение 89. Закончите предложения, используя подходящие наречия времени.

1. We hope our luggage will have arrived ... 2. They will have become worst enemies ... 3. Everything will have been ready ... 4. He will have been in film industry for years… 5. We shall have packed our suitcases long before ... 6. The children will have decorated the fir-tree ... 7. The doctor will have exa­mined his last patient... 8. They will have made some arrangements for the boy ... 9. People will have forgot­ ten him and his book long before ... 10. She will have done the shopping before … 11. He will have looked through many books before... 12. They will have arrived at some agreement before...

before they spend a week before the train starts before he is fifty by the time the children come back from school by 10 o’clock the taxi comes before they leave England forever by 3 p.m. he comes back from his office he dies the conference is over he finds some useful information

Упражнение 90. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в одно из будущих времен.

1. I hope you (not forget) all this by tomorrow. 2. I think she (cook) dinner by the time Mother (come) home. 3. He (be) a pensioner for ten years by next spring. 4. I hope they (tell) her the news by the time we (come). 5. Ask him when he (finish) packing. 6. What ... you (do) when I (call) on you at 5 tomorrow? 7. He (search) every corner of your room before . he (leave). 8. The plane (approach) Moscow at this time tomorrow. 9. By the time you (get) home we (prepare) everything for the party. 10. They (come) to see us next Sunday. 11. By the end of the year we (be) through with our experimental work. 12. The doctor (examine) his last patient at this time tomorrow.

Упражнение 91. Переведите предложения на английский язык, используя Future Indefinite, the Future Continuous и Future Perfect.

1. Он вернется домой к 15 августа. 2. Через неделю в это время наш теплоход будет приближаться к берегам Кубы. 3. Я буду ждать вас завтра в это же время. 4. Через два дня студенты начнут сдавать экзамены. 5. Не приставай к нему, он очень волнуется: завтра в это время он будет давать свой первый концерт. 6. Надеюсь, к 10 часам вечера концерт уже закончится, и через полчаса дети будут уже дома. 7. Мы уберем квартиру и накроем на стол до того, как придут гости. 8. Он говорит, что придет на вокзал проводить нас. 9. Что вы будете делать завтра в это время? – Буду давать свой первый урок в школе. 10. Строители закончат новую линию метро к 10 мая. 11. Убери свою комнату прежде, чем поедешь за город. 12. Он все поймет раньше, чем ты начнешь свои объяснения.

Упражнение 92. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из будущих времен: Future Indefinite, Future Continuous или Future Perfect.

1. I (to do) my homework tomorrow. 2. I (to do) mу homework at six o'clock tomorrow. 3. I (to do) my homework by six o'clock tomorrow. 4. When I come home tomorrow, my family (to have) supper. 5. When you come to my place tomorrow, I (to read) your book. I (to do) my homework by the time you come. 6. Don't come to my place tomorrow. I (to write) a composition the whole evening. 7. I (not to go) to the cinema tomorrow. I (to watch) TV the whole evening. 8. What you (to do) tomorrow? 9. What you (to do) at eight o'clock tomorrow? 10. You (to play) volleyball tomorrow? 11. You (to do) this work by next Sunday? 12. When you (to go) to see your friend next time?13. How many pages you (to read) by five o'clock tomorrow? 14. Tomorrow I (to begin) doing my homework as soon as I come from school. I (to do) my homework from three till six. My father (to come) home at seven o'clock tomorrow. I (to do) all my homework by the time he comes, and we (to go) for a walk together.

Упражнение 93. Закончите предложения, используя will ('ll) или going to.

1. A: Why are you turning on the television?

B: I’m going to watch the news. (I/watch)

2. A: Oh, I've just realised. I haven't got any money.

B: Haven't you? Well, don't worry … you some. (I/lend)

3. A: I've got a headache.

B: Have you? Wait there and … an aspirin for you. (I/get)

4. A: Why are you filling that bucket with water?

B: … the car. (I/wash)

5. A: I've decided to repaint this room.

B: Oh, have you? What colour … it? (you/paint)

6. A: Where are you going? Are you going shopping?

B: Yes, … something for dinner. (I/buy)

7. A: I don't know how to use this camera.

B: It's quite easy … you. (I/show)

8. A: What would you like to eat?

B: … a sandwich, please. (I/have)

9. A: Did you post that letter for me?

B: Oh, I'm sorry. I completely forgot … it now. (I/do)

10. A: The ceiling in this room doesn't look very safe, does it?

B: No, it looks as if … down, (it/fall)

11. A: Has George decided what to do when he leaves school?

B: Oh, yes. Everything is planned … a holiday for a few weeks and then … a computer programming course, (he/have, he/do)

Упражнение 94. Прочтите ситуации и закончите предложения, используя will ('ll) или going to.

1. The phone rings and you answer. Somebody wants to speak to Jim.

CALLER: Hello. Can I speak to Jim, please?

YOU: Just a moment … him. (I/get)

2. It's a nice day. You've decided to sit in the garden. Before going outside, you tell your friend.

YOU: The weather's too nice to stay indoors … in the garden. (I/sit)

FRIEND: That's a good idea. I think … you. (I/join)

3. Your friend is worried because she has lost an important letter.

YOU: Don't worry about the letter. I'm sure … it. (you/find)

FRIEND: I hope so.

4. There was a job advertised in the paper recently. At first you were interested but then you decided not to apply.

FRIEND: Have you decided what to do about that job that was advertised?

YOU: Yes, … for it. (I/not/apply)

5. You and a friend come home very late. Other people in the house are asleep. Your friend is noisy.

YOU: Shhh! Don't make so much noise … everybody up. (you/wake)

6. John has to go to the airport to catch a plane tomorrow morning.

JOHN: Ann, I need somebody to take me to the airport tomorrow morning.

ANN: That's no problem … you. (I/take) What time is your flight?

JOHN: 10.50.

ANN: OK at about 9 o'clock then, (we/leave)

Later that day, Joe offers to take John to the airport.

JOE: John, do you want me to take you to the airport?

JOHN: No thanks, Joe … me. (Ann/take)

Упражнение 95. Прочитайте о Колин, затем найдите верные высказывания из данных в таблице.

Colin goes to work every day. He leaves home at 8 o'clock and arrives at work at about 8.45. He starts work immediately and continues until 12.30 when he has lunch 'which takes about half an hour). He starts work again at 1.15 and goes home at exactly 4.30. Every day he follows the same routine and tomorrow will be no exception.

At 7.45 a he'll be leaving the house b he'll have left the house c he'll be at home d he'll be having breakfast At 8.15 a he'll be leaving the house b he'll have left the house c he'll have arrived at work d he'll be arriving at work At 9.15 a he'll be working b he'll start work c he'll have started work d he'll be arriving at work

At 12.45 a he'll have lunch b he'll be having lunch c he'll have finished his lunch d he'll have started his lunch At 4 o'clock a he'll have finished work b he'll finish work c he'll be working d he won't have finished work At 4.45 a he'll leave work b he'll be leaving work c he'll have left work d he'll have arrived home

Упражнение 96. Поставьте глаголы в правильную форму, используя will be (do)ing или will have (done).

1. Don't phone me between 7 and 8. We'll be having (we/have.) dinner then.

2. Phone me after 8 o'clock … (we/finish) dinner by then.

3. Tomorrow afternoon we're going to play tennis from 3 o'clock until 4.30. So at 4 o'clock. … (we/play) tennis.

4. A: Can we meet tomorrow afternoon?

B: Not in the afternoon … (I/work).

5. B bas to go to a meeting which begins at 10 o'clock. It will last about an hour.

A: Will you be free at 11.30?

B: Yes, … (the meeting/finish) by that time.

5. Tom is on holiday and he is spending his money very quickly. If he continues like this. … (he/spend) all his money before the end of his holiday.

6. Chuck came to Britain from the USA nearly three years ago. Next Monday it will be exactly three years. So on Monday, … (he/be) in Britain for exactly three years.

7. Do you think … (you/still/do) the same job in ten years' time?

8. Jane is from New Zealand. She is travelling around Europe at the moment. So far she has travelled about 1,000 miles. By the end of the trip … (she/travel) more than 3,000 miles.

9. If you need to contact me, … (I/stay) at the Lion Hotel until Friday.

10. A: … (you/see) Laura tomorrow?

B: Yes, probably. Why?

A: I borrowed this book from her. Can you give it back to her?

Упражнение 97. Закончите предложения, используя глаголы, данные в скобках. Все предложения относятся к будущему времени. Используйте will/won't или время present simple.

1. I'll phone (phone) you when I get (get) home from work.

2. I want to see Margaret before she … (go) out.

3. We're going on holiday tomorrow. I … (tell) you all about it when we … (come) back.

4. Brian looks very different now. When you …(see) him again, you …(not/recognize) him.

5. We must do something soon before it … (be) too late.

6. I don't want to go without you. I … (wait) until you … (be) ready.

7. Sue has applied for the job but she isn't very well qualified for it. I … (be) surprised if she … (get) it.

8. I'd like to play tennis tomorrow if the weather … (be) nice.

9. I'm going out now. If anybody … (phone) while I … (be) out, can you take a message?

Упражнение 98. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. What you (to do) when I (to come) in? 2. When I (to come) to his house, they (to tell) me that he (to leave) an hour before. 3. On checking up his answers he (to find) out that he (to make) several mistakes. 4, When I (to leave) home, the snow already (to stop), but a strong wind (to blow). 5. You (to read) this book? - Yes, I (to read) it. I (to think) it (to be) very interesting. 6. What the children (to do) now? - Oh, they (to play) the new table game which I (to buy) for | them the day before yesterday. 7. They (to reach) the I corner of the street by now and (to stand) at the bus : stop. 8. After we (to walk) about two hours, we arrived at a picturesque glade covered with fresh grass. 9. We could not go out because it (to rain) hard since early in the morning. 10. She (to teach) at our school for twenty years now. 11. Ring me up as soon as you (to come) home. 12. He (to begin) to write his composition at three o'clock. It is already eleven, and he still (to write) it. He says he (to finish) it by twelve. 13. We (to help) our librarian to put the books in the right order for already three days, but we (to arrange) only half the books.

Упражнение 99. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. The first person whom Andrew (to see) as he (to enter) was his old nurse. She (to sit) on the sofa. During the last five years she greatly (to change) and now (to look) a very old woman. 2. She is going to read the letter she just (to receive). 5. How long you (to wait) for me? I am really very sorry. 4. Yesterday I (to meet) a friend of mine whom I (not to see) for a long time. 5. Ring me up at eleven o'clock, I (not yet to sleep). 6. You (to be) late for the concert if you (not to take) a taxi. 7. The sun (to set) a long time ago, and it (to begin) to get really cold. 8. When I (to come) home yesterday, my sister already (to return) and (to sit) at the fireplace looking through some old photographs. 9. He (to smoke) three cigarettes and (to look) through all the books on the shelf, when at last he (to hear) his friend's steps approaching the door. 10. He just (to approach) the door, when she (to enter). 11. He (to write) the composition for three hours and he (to say)' he soon (to finish) it as he (to think) over the conclusion now. 12. Hardly I (to go) out when I (to remember) that I (to forget) to take my umbrella. 13. Where is the baby? - The nurse (to put) it to bed. 14. He said he (to work) for a long time without achieving good results.

Упражнение 100. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. When I (to come) to Pete's house last Sunday, he (to read) a new book. He (to say) he (to give) it to me soon. Today I (to take) it from him. Now I (to read) it. I (to finish) it by Friday. If you like, I (to give) it to you on Saturday when you (to come) to see me. 2. When will he come? We (to wait) for him for already half an hour. 3. On leaving the hall the students (to thank) the professor who (to deliver) the lecture. 4. We already (to cover) about ten miles when Peter, who (to look) out of the window for the last five or ten minutes, suddenly exclaimed: "Here is the station!" 5. When morning came, the storm already (to stop), but the snow still (to fall). 6. Yesterday by eight o'clock he (to finish) all his homework, and when I (to come) to his place at nine, he (to read). 7. I (to wait) for permission to go abroad for already three weeks, but I (not to receive) the visa yet. 8. Everybody (to be) at the door of the museum, but my friend (not yet to come). 9. We (to drink) tea when the telephone (to ring). 10. Johnny noticed that everybody (to look) at him, and he (to feel) shy. 11. Light (to travel) more quickly than sound.

Упражнение 101. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. Peter (to read) by the fireplace when the door (to open) and the maid (to enter). The cook (to follow) her. 2. When the mother (to satisfy) herself that the children (to sleep) peacefully in their beds, she (to take) out the Christmas presents and carefully (to put) them into the stockings which (to hang) at the beds. 3. If you (to ring) me up tomorrow, I (to tell) you all about it. 4. The lesson (not yet to begin), and the children (to talk) loudly in the corridor. 5. I (to live) in St. Petersburg since 1991. 6. By the fifteenth of January the students (to pass) all the examinations. 7. The students (to write) the paper by dinner-time. 8. They (to sail) down the river for many hours before they (to come) to the village. 9. I (not to be) to my home town for five years. 10. The rain (to stop) by the time we (to reach) home. 11. The message (to arrive) five minutes after he (to leave) the house. 12. It (to be) nearly eleven o'clock when we (to begin) doing this work. 13. At last the reply from my grandmother (to come), and my mother (to tell) me that she (to come) soon. 14. Here you (to be) at last! I (to wait) for you for twenty minutes. You (not to be) ashamed?

Упражнение 102. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. The day (to be) cold and it (to rain). When I (to reach) home, my raincoat (to be) all wet. I (to take) it off, (to shake) the water off it, (to hang) it up and (to go) into the living-room. My children (to play) on the carpet. When they (to see) me, they (to jump) up and (to run) up to me. 2. I (to hear) this song several times already, but I cannot remember the words. I (to write) them down as soon as I (to hear) this song again. 3. Hardly he (to open) the suit-case, when he (to find) the tie which he (to think) he (to lose) long before.4. Shut the door! The room (to be) full of smells which (to come) from the kitchen. Mother (not to like) kitchen smells in the room. 5. Last night he (to finish) the book which he (to begin) writing a year ago. 6. He said he (to listen) to the same stories for a long time. 7. By the evening he (to translate) ten pages. 8. You ever (to be) to the new stadium? - Yes, I (to be) there last Saturday. 9. The old lady was happy: she (not to see) her son for three years. 10. What you (to do) yesterday? 11. How many pages you (to translate) for today?

Упражнение 103. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.

1. You always (to spend) summer at the sea-side? -Yes, as a rule. Last summer I (to go) to the mountains, but I (not to find) the rest there as pleasant as near the sea. 2. When they returned, they (to tell) us many interesting things which they (to see) during their journey. 3. When I (to leave) home, it (to rain). 4. By the end of the year he (to read) about two hundred pages. 5. We were happy when the sun (to rise), for the night (to be) very cold. 6. Where you (to put) my dictionary? I cannot find it anywhere. 7. I (not yet to fall) asleep when the telephone (to ring). 8. What you (to do) from six till nine yesterday? 9. The children (to play) here at eleven o'clock, but now they (to go) home. 10. Go to see your old grandfather as soon as you (to arrive) in Novgorod. 11. At last the librarian (to give) me the book which I (to wait) for during two months. I was very glad. I (to go) home and (to begin) reading it at once. 12. Don't speak to him: he (to be) very busy, he (to do) some very urgent work. 13. I did not want him to go there: I (to be) afraid that something (to happen). 14. I did not notice that my watch (to stop), and when I (to arrive) at the station, my train (to leave) and I (to have) to ask when the next train (to come). 15. He (to wait) for fifteen minutes when at last he (to see) her at the end of the platform.

Упражнение 104. Раскройте скобки, выбирая требующееся время глагола.

1. Не said he (is staying, was staying) at the "Ritz" Hotel. 2. They realized that they (lost, had lost) their way in the dark. 3. He asked me where I (study, studied). 4. I thought that I (shall finish, should finish) my work, at that time. 5 He said he (works, worked) at school two years ago. 6. Victor said he (is, was) very busy. 8. My friend asked me who (is playing, was playing) the piano in the sitting-room. 9. He said he (will come, would come) to the station to see me off. 10. I was sure he (posted, had posted) the letter. 11. I think the weather (will be, would be) fine next week. I hope it (will not change, would not change) for the worse. 12. I knew that he (is, was) a very clever man. 13. I want to know what he (has bought, had bought) for her birthday. 14. I asked my sister to tell me what she (has seen, had seen) at the museum.

Упражнение 105. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагола в требующемся времени.

1. Не said he (to leave) tomorrow morning. 2. She says she already (to find) the book. 3. He stopped and listened: the clock (to strike) five. 4. She said she (can) not tell me the right time, her watch (to be) wrong. 5. I asked my neighbour if he ever (to travel) by air before. 6. The policeman asked George where he (to run) so early. 7. The delegates were told that the guide just (to go) out and (to be) back in ten minutes. 8. I knew they (to wait) for me at the metro station and I decided to hurry. 9. I didn't know that you already (to wind) up the clock. 10. I was afraid that the little girl (not to be) able to unlock the front door and (to go) upstairs to help her. 11. He says that he (to know) the laws of the country. 12. Sarie understood why Lanny (not to come) the previous evening. 13. She asked me whether I (to remember) the legend about a faithful lion. 14. He understood that the soldiers (to arrest) him. 15. He could not understand why people (not to want) to take water from that well. 16. I suppose they (to send) a dog after the burglar immediately.

Упражнение 106. Употребите следующие предложения как придаточные дополнительные, в роли главных используя предложения, данные в скобках. Изменяйте времена в соответствии с правилом согласования времен.

1. The children are playing in the yard. (She thought) 2. Her friend will come to see her, (She hoped) 3. Father has repaired his bicycle. (He thought) 4. She knows English very well. (I supposed) 5. Our sportsmen will win the game. (We were sure) 6. She made no mistakes in her dictation. (She was glad) 7. He works at his English hard. (I knew) 8. She dances better than anybody else. (I was told) 9. My cousin has received a very interesting offer from his firm. (I learnt) 10. She will come to stay with us. (My aunt wrote in her letter) 11. He is painting a new picture. (We heard) 12. His new picture will be a masterpiece. (We were sure) 13. You will fall and break your leg. (I was afraid) 14. My friend has never been to Washington. (I knew) 15. She never drinks milk. (I was told) 16. He is a very talented singer. (We were told) 17. They live a happy life. (We knew) 18. He does not know German at all. (I found out)

Упражнение 107. Переведите на английский язык, соблюдая правило согласования времен.

1. Мы вчера узнали, что она больна. 2. Он думал, что она не придет в школу. 3. Я знал, что моя сестра изучает французский язык, и думал, что она поедет в Париж. 4. Мне сказали, что ты мне звонил. 5. Я думал, что ты в Москве. 6. Я не знал, что ты уже вер­нулся в Санкт-Петербург. 7. Я боялся, что заблужусь в лесу. 8. Она знала, что мы никогда не видели ее картины. 9. Ученый был уверен, что найдет решение проблемы. 10. Я знал, что ты приехал в Санкт-Петербург, и полагал, что ты навестишь меня. 11. Мы не думали, что он так рассердится. 12. Мы надеялись, что поедем в Лондон. 13. Учитель сказал, что наши друзья прислали письмо из Лондона. 14. Она сказала, что ее подруга пригласила ее в театр. 15. Мы боялись, что не купим билета в театр. 16. Мы увидели, что дети играют в песке. 17. Она сказала, что больше не будет купаться, потому что вода холодная. 18. Мой дедушка сказал, что в молодости он любил кататься на коньках. 19. Моя двоюродная сестра сказала, что любит оперу и будет рада пойти с нами в театр, хотя уже дважды слушала "Травиату."

Упражнение 108. Переведите на английский язык, соблюдая, правил о согласования времен.

1. Все были уверены, что Борис хорошо сдаст экзамены. 2. Он говорил, что Лев Толстой его любимый писатель. 3. Я знал, что вы живете в Москве, но не знал вашего адреса. 4. Он сказал, что бросит курить. 5. Все знали, что она поедет в Рим. 6. Простите, мы не думали, что вы ждете нас. 7. Я не знал, что вы тоже любите футбол. 8. Я был уверен, что он будет выдающимся артистом. 9. Я боялся, что вы не последуете моему совету. 10. Я думал, что он подождет меня. 11. Я не знал, что ты будешь работать в читальном зале. 12. Он боялся, что ему будет трудно сделать доклад. 13. Он сказал нам, что когда он вошел в комнату, его друг уже сидел на диване. Он читал газету. 14. Мы надеялись, что она скоро придет. 15. Он сказал, что не знает, когда начнется конференция. 16. Я был уверен, что если мы поспешим, мы не опоздаем на поезд. 17. Он спросил меня, что я буду делать вечером. Я ответил, что не знаю, буду ли я свободен вечером, но сказал, что если буду свободен, то позвоню ему часов в восемь.

Упражнение 109. Переведите на английский язык, соблюдая правило согласования времен.

1. Сестра сказала, что хочет приехать к нам сама. 2. Я знала, что она очень занята. 3. Никто не знал, что вы ждете здесь. Пойдемте в дом. 4. Гид предупредил нас, что в этой части города движение довольно сильное. 5. Секретарь не заметил, что директор с кем-то разговаривает. 6. Все мы знали, что ее семья опять в Санкт-Петербурге. 7. Лена сказала, что она дарит нам эту картину. 8. Я знала, что она работает на заводе, что у нее есть муж и двое детей, что семья у нее очень дружная и она счастлива. 9. Она сказала, что ее коллеги всегда дают ей прекрасные советы. 10. Он сказал, что любит эту пьесу. 11. В прошлом году они думали, что никогда не будут хорошо читать по-английски, но вчера они увидели, что читают тексты довольно хорошо. 12. Он сказал мне вчера, что его отец - профессор и живет в Москве. 13. Он сказал мне вчера, что раньше он учился в университете. 14. Мы решили на прошлой неделе, что будущим летом мы все поедем в Крым.

Упражнение 110. Передайте следующие повелительные предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "Go home," said the teacher to us. 2. "Buy some meat in the shop," said my mother to me. 3. "Sit down at the table and do your homework," said my mother to me. 4. "Don't forget to clean your teeth," said granny to Helen. 5, "Don't sit up late," said the doctor to Mary. 6. The doctor said to Pete: "Don't go for a walk today." 7. "Don't eat too much ice-cream," said Nick's mother to him. 8. "Explain to me how to solve this problem," said my friend to me. 9, The doctor said to Nick: "Open your mouth and show me your tongue." 10. "Don't be afraid of my dog," said the man to Kate. 11. "Take this book and read it," said the librarian to the boy.

Упражнение 111. Передайте следующие повелительные предложения в косвенной речи.

1. Не said to us: "Come here tomorrow." 2. I said to Mike: "Send me a telegram as soon as you arrive." 3. Father said to me: "Don't stay there long." 4. Peter said to them: "Don't leave the room until I come back." 5. "Take my luggage to Room 145," he said to the porter. 6. He said to me: "Ring me up tomorrow." 7. "Bring me a cup of black coffee," she said to the waiter. 8. "Don't be late for dinner," said mother to us. 9. Jane said to us: "Please tell me all you know about it." 10. She said to Nick: "Please don't say anything about it to your sister." 11. The teacher said to me: "Hand this note to your parents, please." 12. Oleg said to his sister: "Put the letter into an envelope and give it to Kate." 13. "Please help me with this work, Henry," said Robert. 14. "Please bring me some fish soup," he said to the waitress. 15. "Don't worry over such a small thing," she said to me. 16. "Please don't mention it to anybody," Mary said to her friend. 17. "Promise to come and see me," said Jane to Alice.

Упражнение 112. Передайте следующие повествовательные предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "My friend lives in Moscow," said Alec. 2. "You have not done your work well," said the teacher to me. 3. The poor man said to the rich man: "My horse is wild. It can kill your horse." 4. The rich man said to the judge: "This man's horse has killed my horse." 5. "This man spoke to me on the road," said the woman. 6. "I can't explain this rule to you," said my classmate to me. 7. The teacher said to the class: "We shall discuss this subject tomorrow." 8. The woman said to her son: "I am glad I am here." 9. Mike said: "We have bought these books today." 10. She said to me: "Now I can read your translation." 11. Our teacher said: "Thackeray's novels are .very interesting." 12. She said: "You will read this book in the 9th form." 13. Nellie said: "I read 'Jane Eyre' last year."

Упражнение 113. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Many accidents are caused by dangerous driving.

2. The problem will be discussed later.

3. My sister is being shown a new video.

4. The letter was given to him at once.

5. The director was being interviewed when I came in.

6. The boy has just been sent to bed.

7. A new park will have been laid out by summer

8. He found out that the house had been sold to a rich American.

9. Have you heard the news? The Governor has been shot.

10. Jane didn't know about the change of plans. She hadn't been told.

Упражнение 114. Поставьте предложения под буквой А в вопросительную форму, под буквой В – в отрицательную.

A. 1. Warm clothes are made of wool.

2. Some money will be given to you.

3. The ship has been sunk on purpose.

4. The car is being repaired at the moment

5. The house was bought for 5 thousand dollars

B. 1. All her affairs will have been settled before she gets married.

2. He said that detailed instructions had been given.

3. The monument was put up before Victory Day.

4. The old church has been reconstructed lately.

5. The windows were being cleaned while I was there.

6. A meeting was held in the village hall once a week.

Упражнение 115. Перепишите предложения, используя действительный залог.

Пример: The children were carefully examined

by the doctor.

The doctor carefully examined the children.

1. The pupils will be given out prizes by the headmaster.

2. Many tasty things will be made by Mother for our party.

3. She is being told a wonderful story by her Granny.

4. Yesterday my tape-recorder was-repaired by my friend.

5. This rule has already been explained by our teacher.

6. The test had been written by the pupils bell rang.

7. Many folk-songs were used by Russian composers in composing music.

8. Look, trees are being planted by the children in our yard.

Упражнение 116. Ответьте на вопросы.

Пример: Who wrote the novel "War and Peace"?

The novel "War and Peace" was written by Tolstoy.

1.Who designed the Winter Palace? 2.Who built this house? 3.Who made this beautiful jacket? 4.Who showed you round the city? 5.Who brought the flowers to the party? 6.Who cooked dinner yesterday? 7.Who answered the telephone call? 8.Who sends presents to you? 9.Who wrote this article? 10.Who makes your dresses? 11.Who did the shopping yesterday? 12.Who told you this story? 13.Who wrote the book "Crime and Punishment"? 14.Who swept the floor?

Упражнение 117. Перепишите предложения, используя страдательный залог и время Present Indefinite.

1. Students write tests every month.

2. They make beautiful toys at this factory

3. They export millions of cars from Japan every year.

4. Watchmakers repair watches.

5. People don't use this road very often.

6. The bill includes service.

7. They close the shop at 8.

8. He translates articles every day.

9. She doesn't send telegrams before every holiday.

Упражнение 118. Составьте предложения, используя приведенные ниже глаголы в страдательном залоге и времени Past Indefinite.

invent, plant, kill, write, build, discover, design, paint

1. When .. America ... ?

2. Five fruit-trees ... in our garden last year.

3. The picture Mona Liza ... by Leonardo da Vinci.

4. Marat … in his bath.

5. Radio … by A. Popov.

6. The first pyramid of Egypt ... around 3000 BC.

7. The Winter Palace … by Rastrelli.

8. "War and Peace" … by L. Tolstoy.

9. Rossi street ... after a famous Russian architect.

Упражнение 119 Закончите предложения, подставив приведенные ниже глаголы в форме Present Continuous Passive.

paint, feed, vacuum, milk, count, repair, cut, clean,

Пример: The grass is being cut.

1. The road …

2. The fence …

3. The cows …

4. The windows ...

5. The cats ...

6. The money ...

7. The floor …

8. The carpet …

Упражнение 120. Подставьте глаголы в правильной форме Active или Passive.

1. The children taught / were taught Italian.

2. This problem will discuss / will be discussed a 1 the conference.

3. The president interviewed / was interviewed on French TV.

4. Teachers have given / have been given a new pay rise by the government.

5. Walt Disney created / was created the cartoon character of Mickey Mouse.

6. The firm has been making / has been made dresses for twenty years.

7. He treats / is treated the girl very badly.

8. He said that he had taken / had been taken III watch to a watchmaker's.

9. Many new houses have been built / have burl this year.

Упражнение 121. Закончите предложения, подставив приведенные ниже глаголы в форме Present Perfect Passive (некоторые глаголы могут быть использованы неоднократно)

repair, paint, paper, take out, put up, clean, hang.

Пример: The door has been repaired.

Some new curtains have been put up.

1. The window …

2. The carpet ...

3. The walls …

4. The light …

5. Some posters ...

6. The old fireplace ...

7. The picture ...

Упражнение 122. Закончите предложения, используя данные ниже глаголы в форме Past Continuous или Past Perfect Passive.

paint, not invite, steal, repair, clean, follow, arrest

Пример: Mr. Brown couldn't use his office as it was being redecorated.

1. I couldn't wear my suit last Saturday. It ...

2. When he got back to the car park his car wasn't there. It ...

3. The room looked different. It ...

4. I didn't go to the party last night, because I .. ,

5. We couldn't use the xerox this morning. It .. ,

6. Then I found out that I wasn't alone. I ...

7. We didn't find Mike at home. He .. ,

Упражнение 123. Задайте вопросы, используя слова в скобках.

Пример: Russian is' spoken all over our country. (Where?)

Where is Russian spoken in our country?

1. Beautiful girls are often envied (what girls?).

2. Watches are made of gold and metal. (What ... of?)

3. The report on Byron's poetry was made in September. (When?)

4. This novel was written by Leskov. (Who by?)

5. The ship was built in Germany. (Where?)

6. The man has been operated on the heart. (What ... on?)

7. Summer plans will be discussed after our exams. (What? When?)

8. The flat was furnished in a very good taste. (How?)

9. Many beautiful ensembles in our city were designed by Rossi. (Who ... by)

10. He will be punished for the harm he has done (What ... for?)

11. The table was laid for two. (For how many?)

12. Two thousand roubles were paid for this collection of books. (How much?)

Упражнение 124. Ответьте на вопросы утвердительно, используя Present Perfect Passive.

Пример: Is the dinner ready? (cook)

Yes, it is. It has already been cooked

1. Is the floor clean? (wash)

2. Is the dress ready? (make)

3. Are the rooms tidy? (do)

4. Are the newspapers in my study? (bring)

5. Is everything on the table? (lay)

6. Is his shirt clean? (wash)

7. Is the air fresh in the room? (air)

8. Are his boots fit for wear? (repair)

9. Is the room nice and clean? (wallpaper lately0

10. Is the place popular with tourists? (visit )

Упражнение 125.Употребите страдательный залог в следующих предложениях. Помните, Perfect Continuous Tenses не употребляются в страдательном залоге.

1. His enemies have been following him all the time. 2. The students have been discussing the book for two hours. 3. This doctor has been treating my son for some weeks. 4. The mechanic has been repairing our TV set since morning. 5. He has been translating the book for two years. 6. She has been sending greetings cards to her teachers since 1981. 7. They have been visiting this museum since their childhood. 8. The children have been trying on their fancy dresses since morning. 9. We have been writing the test-paper for an hour and a half.

Упражнение 126. Перепишите предложения, используя страдательный залог.

1. They are building a new ring road round the city. 2. They will read this book next term. 3. They cancelled all flights because of fog. 4. Somebody is cleaning the room at the moment. 5. I didn't realize that someone was recording our conversation. 6. They have changed the date of the meeting. 7. Dan told me t hat somebody had attacked him in the street. 8. She will have translated the article by the end of the day. 9. John had been courting Mary for a year before he proposed to her. 10. They have been discussing his proposal for hours.

Упражнение 127. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Many accidents are caused by dangerous driving.

2. The problem will be discussed later.

3. My sister is being shown a new video.

4. The letter was given to him at once.

5. The director was being interviewed when I came in.

6. The boy has just been sent to bed.

7. A new park will have been laid out by summer

8. He found out that the house had been sold to a rich American.

9. Have you heard the news? The Governor has been shot.

10. Jane didn't know about the change of plans. She hadn't been told.

Упражнение 128. Поставьте предложения под буквой А в вопросительную форму, под буквой В – в отрицательную.

A. 1. Warm clothes are made of wool.

2. Some money will be given to you.

3. The ship has been sunk on purpose.

4. The car is being repaired at the moment

5. The house was bought for 5 thousand dollars

B. 1. All her affairs will have been settled before she gets married.

2. He said that detailed instructions had been given.

3. The monument was put up before Victory Day.

4. The old church has been reconstructed lately.

5. The windows were being cleaned while I was there.

6. A meeting was held in the village hall once a week.

Упражнение 129. Перепишите предложения, используя действительный залог.

Пример: The children were carefully examined

by the doctor.

The doctor carefully examined the children.

1. The pupils will be given out prizes by the headmaster.

2. Many tasty things will be made by Mother for our party.

3. She is being told a wonderful story by her Granny.

4. Yesterday my tape-recorder was-repaired by my friend.

5. This rule has already been explained by our teacher.

6. The test had been written by the pupils bell rang.

7. Many folk-songs were used by Russian composers in composing music.

8. Look, trees are being planted by the children in our yard.

Упражнение 130. Ответьте на вопросы.

Пример: Who wrote the novel "War and Peace"?

The novel "War and Peace" was written by Tolstoy.

1. Who designed the Winter Palace? 2. Who built this house? 3. Who made this beautiful jacket? 4. Who showed you round the city? 5. Who brought the flowers to the party? 6. Who cooked dinner yesterday? 7. Who answered the telephone call? 8. Who sends presents to you? 9. Who wrote this article? 10. Who makes your dresses? 11. Who did the shopping yesterday? 12. Who told you this story? 13. Who wrote the book "Crime and Punishment"? 14. Who swept the floor?

Упражнение 131. Перепишите предложения, используя страдательный залог и время Present Indefinite.

1. Students write tests every month.

2. They make beautiful toys at this factory

3. They export millions of cars from Japan every year.

4. Watchmakers repair watches.

5. People don't use this road very often.

6. The bill includes service.

7. They close the shop at 8.

8. He translates articles every day.

9. She doesn't send telegrams before every holiday.

Упражнение 132. Составьте предложения, используя приведенные ниже глаголы в страдательном залоге и времени Past Indefinite.

invent, plant, kill, write, build, discover, design, paint

1. When .. America ... ?

2. Five fruit-trees ... in our garden last year.

3. The picture Mona Liza ... by Leonardo da Vinci.

4. Marat … in his bath.

5. Radio … by A. Popov.

6. The first pyramid of Egypt ... around 3000 BC.

7. The Winter Palace … by Rastrelli.

8. "War and Peace" … by L. Tolstoy.

9. Rossi street ... after a famous Russian architect.

Упражнение 133. Закончите предложения, подставив приведенные ниже глаголы в форме Present Continuous Passive.

paint, feed, vacuum, milk, count, repair, cut, clean,

Пример: The grass is being cut.

1. The road …

2. The fence …

3. The cows …

4. The windows ...

5. The cats ...

6. The money ...

7. The floor …

8. The carpet …

Упражнение 134. Подставьте глаголы в правильной форме Active или Passive.

1. The children taught / were taught Italian.

2. This problem will discuss / will be discussed a 1 the conference.

3. The president interviewed / was interviewed on French TV.

4. Teachers have given / have been given a new pay rise by the government.

5. Walt Disney created / was created the cartoon character of Mickey Mouse.

6. The firm has been making / has been made dresses for twenty years.

7. He treats / is treated the girl very badly.

8. He said that he had taken / had been taken III watch to a watchmaker's.

9. Many new houses have been built / have burl this year.

Упражнение 135. Закончите предложения, подставив приведенные ниже глаголы в форме Present Perfect Passive (некоторые глаголы могут быть использованы неоднократно)

repair, paint, paper, take out, put up, clean, hang.

Пример: The door has been repaired.

Some new curtains have been put up.

1. The window …

2. The carpet ...

3. The walls …

4. The light …

5. Some posters ...

6. The old fireplace ...

7. The picture ...

Упражнение 136. Закончите предложения, используя данные ниже глаголы в форме Past Continuous или Past Perfect Passive.

paint, not invite, steal, repair, clean, follow, arrest

Пример: Mr. Brown couldn't use his office as it was being redecorated.

1. I couldn't wear my suit last Saturday. It ...

2. When he got back to the car park his car wasn't there. It ...

3. The room looked different. It ...

4. I didn't go to the party last night, because I .. ,

5. We couldn't use the xerox this morning. It .. ,

6. Then I found out that I wasn't alone. I ...

7. We didn't find Mike at home. He .. ,

Упражнение 137. Задайте вопросы, используя слова в скобках..

Пример: Russian is' spoken all over our country. (Where?)

Where is Russian spoken in our country?

1. Beautiful girls are often envied (what girls?).

2. Watches are made of gold and metal. (What ... of?)

3. The report on Byron's poetry was made in September. (When?)

4. This novel was written by Leskov. (Who by?)

5. The ship was built in Germany. (Where?)

6. The man has been operated on the heart. (What ... on?)

7. Summer plans will be discussed after our exams. (What? When?)

8. The flat was furnished in a very good taste. (How?)

9. Many beautiful ensembles in our city were designed by Rossi. (Who ... by)

10. He will be punished for the harm he has done (What ... for?)

11. The table was laid for two. (For how many?)

12. Two thousand roubles were paid for this collection of books. (How much?)

Упражнение 138. Ответьте на вопросы утвердительно, используя Present Perfect Passive.

Пример: Is the dinner ready? (cook)

Yes, it is. It has already been cooked

1. Is the floor clean? (wash)

2. Is the dress ready? (make)

3. Are the rooms tidy? (do)

4. Are the newspapers in my study? (bring)

5. Is everything on the table? (lay)

6. Is his shirt clean? (wash)

7. Is the air fresh in the room? (air)

8. Are his boots fit for wear? (repair)

9. Is the room nice and clean? (wallpaper lately0

10. Is the place popular with tourists? (visit )

Упражнение 139.Употребите страдательный залог в следующих предложениях. Помните, Perfect Continuous Tenses не употребляются в страдательном залоге.

1. His enemies have been following him all the time. 2. The students have been discussing the book for two hours. 3. This doctor has been treating my son for some weeks. 4. The mechanic has been repairing our TV set since morning. 5. He has been translating the book for two years. 6. She has been sending greetings cards to her teachers since 1981. 7. They have been visiting this museum since their childhood. 8. The children have been trying on their fancy dresses since morning. 9. We have been writing the test-paper for an hour and a half.

Упражнение 140. Перепишите предложения, используя страдательный залог.

1. They are building a new ring road round the city. 2. They will read this book next term. 3. They cancelled all flights because of fog. 4. Somebody is cleaning the room at the moment. 5. I didn't realize that someone was recording our conversation. 6. They have changed the date of the meeting. 7. Dan told me t hat somebody had attacked him in the street. 8. She will have translated the article by the end of the day. 9. John had been courting Mary for a year before he proposed to her. 10. They have been discussing his proposal for hours.

Упражнение 141. Замените придаточные предложения инфинитивными оборотами.

E.g. He is so old that he cannot skate.

He is too old to skate.

1. The problem is so difficult that it is impossible to solve it. 2. The box is so heavy that nobody can carry it. 3. The baby is so little that it cannot walk. 4. He is so weak that he cannot lift this weight. 5. She is so busy that she cannot talk with you. 6. She was so inattentive that she did not notice the mistake. 7. The rule was so difficult that they did not understand it. 8. He was so stupid that he did not see the joke. 9. She has got so fat that she cannot wear this dress now. 10. The accident was so terrible that I don’t want to talk about it. 11. They were so empty-headed that they could not learn a single thing. 12. The window was so dirty that they could not see through it. 13. She was so foolish that she could not understand my explanation. 14. I have very little wool: it won’t make a sweater.

Запомните следующие застывшие словосочетания с инфинитивом
to cut a long story short to tell (you) the truth to say nothing of to put it mildly to say the least of it to begin with	короче говоря сказать (вам) по правде не говоря уже о мягко выражаясь по меньшей мере начнем с того что

Запомните следующие предложения:
The book leaves much to be desired He is difficult to deal with He is hard to please She is pleasant to look at	Книга оставляет желать лучшего. С ним трудно иметь дело. Ему трудно угодить. На нее приятно смотреть.

Упражнение 142. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя застывшие словосочетания с инфинитивом.

1. Мягко выражаясь, она была невежлива. 2. Ваша работа оставляет желать лучшего. 3. Сказать по правде, я не люблю бокс. 4. Вашей сестре трудно угодить. 5. Начнем с того, что я занят. 6. На него было приятно смотреть. 7. Короче говоря, он не сдал экзамен. 8. Мы все были рады не говоря уже о маме: она сказала что это самый счастливый день в ее жизни. 9. Твое сочинение оставляет желать лучшего.10. Это очень странно, по меньшей мере. 11. Для начала, она открыла все окна. 12. С моим соседом трудно иметь дело. 13. По правде говоря, я очень устал. 14. Его поведение оставляет желать лучшего. 15. Мягко выражаясь, вы меня удивили. 16. На этих детей приятно посмотреть. 17. Короче говоря, они поженились.18. Самая известная книга Джерома — “Трое в лодке, не считая собаки.” 19. Вам трудно угодить. 20. По меньшей мере, мы были удивлены.

Сравните употребление Active Infinitive и Passive Infinitive to write — to be written I am glad to help you — рад помочь ( рад, что помогаю) I am glad to be helped — рад, что мне помогают

Упражнение 143. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание Active Infinitive и Passive Infinitive.

1. Nature has many secrets to be discovered yet. 2. To improve your phonetics you should record yourself and analyze your speech. 3. This is the book to be read during the summer holidays. 4. To be instructed by such a good specialist was a great advantage. 5. To play chess was his greatest pleasure. 6. The child did not like to be washed. 7. Isn’t it natural that we like to be praised and don’t like to be scolded? 8. Which is more pleasant: to give or to be given presents? He is very forgetful, but he doesn’t like to be reminded of his duties.

Сравните употребление Indefinite Infinitive и Perfect Infinitive to write — to have written I am glad to see you — рад видеть вас (рад, что вижу) I am glad to have seen you — рад, что повидал вас

Упражнение 144. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Perfect Infinitive

1. I am awfully glad to have met you. 2. Sorry placed you in this disagreeable situation. 3. I am very happy to have had the pleasure of making your acquaintance 4. I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 5. Clyde was awfully glad to have renewed his acquaintance with Sandra. 6. Sorry not to have noticed you. 7. I am sorry to have added some more trouble y what I have told you. 8. When Clyde looked at the girl closely, he remembered to have seen her in Sondra’s company. 9. I remembered to have been moved by the scene I witnessed. 10. The child was happy to have been brought home. 11. Jane remembered to have been told lot about Mr. Rochester. 12. The children were delighted to have been brought to the circus. 13. I am sorry to have spoilt your mood. 14. Maggie was very sorry to have forgotten to feed the rabbits.

Формы инфинитива
	Active	Passive
Indefinite	to write	to be written
Continuous	to be writing
Perfect	to have written	to have been written
Perfect Continuous	to have been writing

Что значат эти формы? Рассмотрите предложения, иллюстрирующие значение разных форм инфинитива
чему я рад?
Active	Indefinite	I am glad to speak with you	рад поговорить с вами (всегда радуюсь, когда говорю)
	Continuous	I am glad to be speaking with you	рад, что сейчас разговариваю
	Perfect	I am glad to have spoken with you	рад, что поговорил
	Perfect Continuous	I am glad to have been speaking with you	рад, что уже давно (все это время) разговариваю
Passive	Indefinite	I am (always) glad to be told the news	всегда рад, когда мне рассказывают новости
	Perfect	I am glad to have been told the news	рад, что мне рассказали

Упражнение 145. Замените выделенные части предложений инфинитивными оборотами.

E.g. He is sorry that he has said it.

He is sorry to have said it.

1. She was sorry that she had missed the beginning of the concert. 2. I am glad that I see all my friends here. 3. I was afraid of going past that place alone. 4. My sister will be thrilled when she is wearing a dress as lovely as that. 5. We must wait till we hear the examination results. 6. She is happy that she has found such a nice place to live in. 7. I should be delighted if I could join you. 8. He hopes that he will know everything by tomorrow. 9. It is certain that it will rain if you don’t take your umbrella. 10. Don’t promise that you will do it, if you are not sure that you can. 11. He was happy that he was praised by everybody. 12. He was very proud that he had helped his elder brother.

Упражнение 146. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму инфинитива.

1. He seems (to read) a lot. 2. He seems (to read) now. 3. He seems (to read) since morning. 4. He seems (to read) all the books in the library. 5. 1 want (to take) you to the concert. 6. I want (to take) to the concert by my father. 7. She hoped (to help) her friends. 6. She hoped (to help) by her friends. 9. I hope (to see) you soon. 10. We expect (to be) back in two days. 11. He expected (to help) by the teacher. 12. The children seem (to play) since morning. 13. I am glad (to do) all the homework yesterday. 14. She seems (to work) at this problem ever since she came here. 15. I am sorry (to break) your pen.