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EU- lecture on Treaty of Lisbon.doc
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The most important eu reforms under the treaty of lisbon:

-European Union became a homogeneous international organisation and obtained a legal personality= it may now be a subject of rights and obligations + The EU now (as a whole) has a single legal personality- this strengthens the Union's negotiating power, makes its activities more effective on the world stage and a more visible partner for third countries and international organisations;

-the term “European Community” was replaced by the term “European Union”; the pillar structure was abolished (almost completely*)

*Under Treaty of Lisbon the pillar structure was abolished, however, there still exists next to the European Union (in a paralel way) the European Atomic Energy Community (Euroatom) therefore, the European Union structure is still a reminiscence of the old „temple” there used to be three pillars of the European Union (a so-called temple structure): First Pillar= the European Communities (economic union) handling economic, social and environmental policies the only pillar with a legal personality, consisting of the European Community (EC), the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC, until its expiry in 2002), and the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM); Second Pillar= The Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP; political union) handling foreign policy and military matters; Third Pillar= Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters (PJCC) brought together co-operation in the fight against crime. This pillar was originally named Justice and Home Affairs (JHA) (union of police and judiciary).

EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES:

COMMON FOREIGN AND SECURITY POLICY (CFSP):

POLICE AND JUDICIAL COOPERATION IN CRIMINAL MATTERS (PJCC)

EUROOPEAN COMMUNITY (EC) (former EEC= European Economic Community)*- for example:

-Customs Union and Single Market

-Common Agricultural Policy

-Common Fisheries Policy

-EU competition law

-Economic and monetary union

-EU citizenship

-Education and Culture

-Consumer protection

-Healthcare

-Environmental law

-Social policy

*Before the Treaty of Lisbon came into force, only the European Community had legal personality

EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY-which came to an end in 2002:

-coal and steel industry

EUROPEAN ATOMIC ENERGY COMMUNITY (EURATOM):

-nuclear power

FOREIGN POLICY:

-Human Rights

-Democracy

Foreign Aid

SECURITY POLICY- for example:

-Common Security and Defence Policy

-Peacekeeping

POLICE AND JUDICIAL COOPERATION IN CRIMINAL MATTERS- for example:

-Terrorism

-Drug trafficking and weapons smuggling

-Human trafficking

First pillar:

Community integration method

Second pillar: Intergovernmental cooperation method

Third pillar:

Intergovernmental cooperation method

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