IV. Guess the concept of the following definitions.

1. The body of rules that governs any society.

2. An act that is considered by statute or by common law to be a public wrong.

3. A practice that has been followed as part of the law of a particular locality.

4. A penalty imposed on a defendant convicted of a crime.

5. A form of legislation made by local authorities.

V. Give definitions of these words. Use the dictionary. Suggest the word-combinations in which these words can be used.

1. laws of the land; 2. order (v); 3. protect(v); 4. govern(v) ; 5. safety (n)

VI. Match the words on the left (a) with their definitions on the right (b) and give their Russian equivalents.

А В

1. offence a. connected with, permitted by the law

2. penalty b. unlawful killing of a human being on purpose

3. jurisprudence c. punishment for wrongdoing, for failure to obey rules

4. murder d. impose a penalty on an offender

5. amend e. the hurtling of somebody's feelings

6. legal f. the study of law and legal philosophy

7. punish g. basic privileges a person has as a human being

8. human rights h. what one is obliged to do by morality, law

9. duty i. become better, free of faults or errors

10. responsibility j. legal or moral liability for carrying out a duty

VII. Translate the sentences from English into Russian .

1. The theory of law is based on the theory of natural law of 16-17 centuries which considered each individual to have certain natural rights.

2. People do sometimes use the word "law" when they are talking about the rules by which most of us live.

3. Any laws whether they are by-laws or laws of the land are aimed to improve our lives and protect us from the harm.

4. People who respect and obey laws can expect others to obey them too by being law-abiding.

5. The vital part of the law is that it must not allow prejudice to result in different treatment.

VIII. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box.

1. Any society has always lived the rules of one kind or another.

2. These rules have been developed times to suit the society which people live.

3. Sometimes new rules can be introduced traffic to make it more reasonable to drive and

pass.

4. all countries there are certain rules which are to be obeyed everyone.

5. Many rules which have gradually developed many years deal the way people

communicate one another.

6. Many rules have been laid us all Parliament.

7. If somebody breaks the law they may be brought a court law.

8. All the rules that could result the court deciding to take action us if we have broken

them are called laws.

9. All people have duties to obey and when they do so, they do so, they automatically protect the rights the people them.

10. The rules that we must not kill or rob are expected to be found all countries the

world.

IX. Translate the sentences from Russian into English with the active vocabulary,

1. Исторически, право определялось как свод правил и принципов действия, являющихся обязательными для людей в их отношениях друг с другом.

2. Закон должен затрагивать почти каждую область нашей жизни в хорошо организованном обществе.

3. Законы должны быть правильными с справедливыми и обычные люди должны уважать и подчиняться им.

4. Законы также контролируют методы, при помощи которых учителя могут или не могут наказывать нас, если мы ведем себя неправильно.

5. Мы все знаем, что может случиться, если мы нарушим закон.

Grammar Revision.

Exercises

Translate the sentences from English into Russian and write them in the Conditional sentences of different types.

1. Conditional sentences type 1: выражают вполне реальные предположения и соответствуют в русском языке условным предложениям в изъявительном наклонении, чаще всего относящиеся к будущему времени (if I do ..., I will).

2. Conditional sentences type 2: выражают невероятные или маловероятные предположения и соответствуют в русском языке условным предложениям с глаголом в сослагательном наклонении. Они относятся к настоящему или будущему времени (If I did ...I would) .

3. Conditional sentences type 3: выражают предположения, относящиеся к прошедшему времени и являющиеся поэтому невыполнимыми. Соответствуют в русском языке условным предложениям с глаголом в сослагательном наклонении (If I had done..Л would have left).

Example:

1. If you form a club the first move will be to choose a leader and make some rules.

2. If you formed a club the first move would be to choose a leader and made some rules .But it is not in your plans, as I see.

3. If some years ago you had formed a club the first move would have been to choose a leader and make some rules.

1. If any of us beaks the rules of the country we may be brought before a court of law.

2. If all drivers obey the duty to drive within the speed limits, they will help all road users to travel in safety.

3. If we think about our family and society we will know that there are things we are not allowed to do.

4. If people respect and obey the laws they will expect others to do the same.

5. If there are no rules in sports everyone will set off at different times and in different directions and stop at different places.

Speaking

Exercises