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7. Speaking

Tell your friend who is interested in economics but hasn't got the opportunity to read the text what you have learnt about:

  • the history of economics;

  • the influence of scarce resources on the choices we make;

  • the three fundamental questions of the great American economist Paul;

  • alternative definitions of economics.

8. Translatе the text

What type of economy does your country have? Read the text about market transformations in Belarusian economy and translate it into Russian.

Market Transformations in Belarusian Economy

The Republic of Belarus stands on the road of building a democratic society with market economy. Entrepreneurial structures have been consequently developing in Belarus. The denationalization of financial and banking spheres has been completed. Belarusian market is being saturated with both goods and resources of local produce and with imported goods.

The Belarusian economy reformation goes in several directions, including the reorganization of control of state-owned enterprises, the denationalization and privatization of objects of state property, the establishment of united and equal conditions for operation of enterprises and organizations of various property forms, step-by-step liberalization of economic activities, and provision of freedom of entrepreneurship in combination with application of mechanisms of state regulation, as well as establishment of favourable, corresponding to world practice, conditions to attract foreign investments to the Republic of Belarus.

9 Write an essay on one of the following topics:

  • Why I would Like to be in the Selling Car Business (Dairy Products / Stereo Systems, etc.);

  • The Guiding Ideas in Economics;

  • The Economic System in My Country

Тема: РЕСПУБЛИКА БЕЛАРУСЬ (THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS)

1. Memorize the words.

border (on) v — граничить (с)

damp a — влажный, сырой

deciduous a — лиственный

coniferous a — хвойный

create и — создавать

thoroughfare n — транспортная магистраль

possess v — обладать, владеть

undergo v — испытывать, претерпевать

transition п — переход

overcome v — преодолевать

favourable а — благоприятный

2. Answer the following questions.

  1. Do you know any versions of the origin of the name "Belarus"?

  2. Is the climate of Belarus favourable for agriculture?

  3. Is the Republic of Belarus a member of the UNO and the IMF?

  4. The Republic of Belarus is not rich in natural resources, is it?

3. Read the text The Republic of Belarus

The Republic of Belarus is located in the centre of Europe, on the cross-roads of trade between East and West, North and South. It borders in the west on Poland, in the north and in the east on Russia, in the southeast on Ukraine, in the northwest on Lithuania and Latvia. Minsk is the capital of the Republic of Belarus. The total population is about 10 million people.

The flat character of the territory, the damp moderate con­tinental climate, the developed hydrographic network and the mixed deciduous and coniferous woods create favourable condi­tions for habitation, farming, construction of industrial enter­prises and thoroughfares.

More than 20,000 rivers flow in the territory of the coun­try. The longest are the Dneper, the Western Dvina and the Neman. One of the characteristics of Belarusian nature is a large number of lakes — about 11,000. The largest and the most beautiful is lake Naroch. It is the main health resort in Belarus. The country also possesses such important natural complexes as the National parks "Belaviezhskaya pushcha" and "Braslav lakes", Nalibokskaya pushcha, the lakes Svityaz, Beloye and others. About 36 per cent of the territory of the country is covered with woods.

Belarus is a country with heroic past. Many times it was oc­cupied by numerous aggressors. During World War II heavy fighting took place on the territory of Belarus. From the very first days of the war the country became a battle-ground. But its inhabitants struggled heroically and after the war the Re­public of Belarus became a member of the UNO for its contribu­tion to the struggle against Nazi Germany. .

The Republic of Belarus is currently undergoing an eco­nomic transition to market relations. But in spite of certain economic difficulties faced by the country, it has great poten­tial to overcome them.

The Republic of Belarus is a sovereign independent state. President is the head of the state.

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