Тема 29. Условные предложения III типа

Тип	Придаточное предложение	Главное предложение	Перевод
(III) Нереальное условие (относится к прошедшему времени)	Past Perfect + had + V3 - hadn’t + V3 If the experiment had been a success, If we had written a good article,	+ would have + V3 - wouldn’t have+V3 we would have written a good article. we would have gone to the conference.	Если бы эксперимент прошел успешно (тогда), мы бы написали хорошую статью. Если бы мы написали хорошую статью (тогда), мы бы поехали на конференцию.

Существуют предложения смешанного типа, одна часть относится ко II, а другая к III типу условия. If I knew him, I would have phoned him yesterday. Если бы я знал его, я бы вчера ему позвонил. Условие относится к настоящему времени (II тип), а следствие – к прошедшему (III тип). If I had taken the medicine yesterday, I would be well now. Если бы я вчера принял лекарство, я бы сейчас был в порядке. Условие относится к прошедшему времени (III тип), а следствие – к настоящему (II тип).

Task 1. Переведите на русский язык.

1. If they had hurried, they wouldn’t have missed the bus.

2. If he had known the answer, he would have raised his hand.

3. If you had written her a letter, she would have been happy.

4. If she had listened to the teacher, she would have understood the rule.

5. If he had come on time, he would have got the job.

6. If you had told me, I would have met you.

7. If she had passed a driving test, her father would have bought her a car.

8. If I had known him, I would have invited him to the party.

9. If I had read the book, I would have answered the question.

10. If the weather had been fine, we would have gone for a walk.

11. If I had had a chance then, I would have married her.

Task 2. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму.

1. If I (to be) free yesterday, I would have gone to the concert with you.

2. If I had left earlier, I (not to miss) the train.

3. If she (not to put on) a short dress, she wouldn’t have been so attractive.

4. If I had learned English before, I (to find) a good job long ago.

5. If he (to drive) the car yesterday, everything would have been all right.

6. If I had seen the film, I (to tell) you.

7. If he (not to fall) ill, he would have visited us.

8. If I had had enough money last year, I (to go) abroad.

9. If she (not to be) busy yesterday, she would have helped us.

10. If I had known about your birthday, I (to buy) you a present.

11. If they (to attend) all the classes, they would have passed the exam.

Task 3. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму.

1. If he (not/ to speak) German, he (not/ to become) a linguist.

2. If she (not/ to fall) down the stairs, she (not/ to break) her leg.

3. If she (not/ to break) her leg, she (to take) part in the competition.

4. If they (to win) the game, they (to get) the first prize.

5. If he (not/ to eat) so much, he (not/ to have) stomachache.

6. If he (not/ to be) arrested, he (to go) abroad.

7. If I (to learn) English before, I (to find) a good job long ago.

8. If you (to be) more careful, you (not/ to cut) your finger.

9. If he (to succeed) in this project, his boss (to give) him promotion.

10. If she (to have) a choice, she (to change) her opinion.

11. If we (to be) at the airport, we (to meet) you.

Task 4. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму, обращая внимание на смешанный тип условных предложений. Переведите на русский язык.

1. If I had booked the tickets yesterday, I (to be) at the performance now.

2. If you were always near I (not/ to lose) in the forest yesterday.

3. You would get a better mark today if you (to learn) the material yesterday.

4. I (to have) a sore throat now if I hadn't eaten so much ice-cream yesterday.

5. If it (to be) my day off today I would have already joined my friends in the country house.

6. You (not/ to lose) the key yesterday if you kept all your things in order.

7. If I knew him well I (to accept) his invitation yesterday.

8. If you hadn't missed the train, you (to be) at home now.

9. If you (to watch) the film yesterday, we would discuss it now.

10. Jane would have taken up an additional course, if she (not/ to be) busy with her fitness classes.

Task 5. Переведите на русский язык. Определите тип условного предложения.

1. If it rains, I'll wear a raincoat.

2. If we had taken enough water, we wouldn't have been thirsty.

3. If the children were older, they would go to the party.

4. Harry could fly to Helsinki if he had more money.

5. If Mark does the washing up, his mother will have more time for him.

6. What would you do if you saw a burglar?

7. We would have had a glass of hot chocolate if you had bought some milk.

8. If I were you I should keep the secret.

9. Ron would understand more if the teacher spoke clearly.

10. If Doris had got up earlier, she wouldn't have been late for school.

11. If it wasn't so late, I would go shopping.

12. Henry would have phoned his mother if he hadn't written the text message.

13. I would buy a Ferrari if I had a lot of money.

14. If we had known of your arrival, we would have been at the airport.

15. I would have helped you if you had told me the truth.

16. If you were driving from Budapest to Munich which way would you go?

17. If the weather had been better, the plane would not have crashed.

18. We will visit the museum if we have time.

19. If Andy had played in the team, they might have won the match.

20. If I met Richard I would tell him about our new office.

Task 6. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму.

1. If you wore your new suit, you (to look) smart.

2. If it (to snow), we'll go skiing.

3. If I (to live) in Italy, I would learn Italian.

4. If he had looked out of the window, he (to see) what had happened.

5. If you go to bed early, you (to feel) better in the morning.

6. If you didn't go out so much, you (to save) more money.

7. If you invite them, they (to come).

8. If you had asked me for the address, I (to give) it to you.

9. If I bring my camera I (to take) some pictures.

10. If he had left home, they (to be) very upset.

11. If I (to see) the robbers, I would have phoned the police.

12. If you work hard, you (to pass) the exam.

13. What would you do if he (not/ to arrive) in time?

14. If we meet him, I (to introduce) you.

15. If she lost her job, she (to start) her own business.

Task 7. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму.

1. If he wanted a quiet holiday, he (to go) to the mountains.

2. What will you do when you ... school?

3. What (to buy) her, if it was her birthday?

4. What would you do if you (to be) me?

5. If he (not/ to work) in the evening, he'd have time to see this film.

6. If Linda (not/ to hurry), she will be late.

7. If I hadn't missed the bus I (not/ to be) late for work.

8. If Jack (to break) the window, his parents wouldn't have had to buy a new one.

9. If you (to know) Mr. Snowdon, you would like him.

10. If you (to drive) carefully, you will never get into an accident.

11. We would have reached the airport on time, if we (to take) a taxi.

12. If he (to eat) so much, he will put on weight.

13. She would have forgotten the appointment, if Jack (not/ to phone)her.

14. If I (to be) you, I would do everything well.

15. If I (to see) him, I will give all the information to him.

Отработка грамматического явления на базе технического перевода

Переведите на русский язык.

1. If the calculations had been made accurately, the accident would not have taken place.

2. If they had examined all the devices more attentively, they would have noticed all alterations made by engineers.

3. If they had repaired the device quickly, they would have renewed their research.

4. If we had had advanced equipment, we would have been able to get a higher profit.

5. If we had had an optical pyrometer instead of a thermocouple, we should have measured the temperature in the fire chamber.

6. If we hadn’t known the voltage and the resistance in the electric circuit, we would not have calculated the current.

7. If we had compressed the gas, it would have become liquid in high pressure conditions.

8. If the thermal power station had used natural gas instead of coal, air in the city would have been cleaner.

9. If the devices had had a lightning conductor, they wouldn’t have been damaged during the thunderstorm.

10. If they had used alternative technologies, the ecological situation in the region would have been better.

11. He wouldn’t have made that experiment so carelessly, if he had known about all electrical hazards.

12. Life in the twenty first century would have been absolutely different, if the electricity hadn’t been discovered.

13. The transformer would have been useless, if one of the windings on the iron core had been damaged.

14. You would have increased the number of experiments, if you had reequipped the lab last year.

15. The fuel consumption would have been lower, if the weather had been warmer.