- •Антонов о. И.
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Partnerships Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Corporations Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Text where and how to hire an employee?
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Additional Exercise
- •Line and staff positions Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Accounting Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Corporate finance Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice Choose the necessary word and put it in the sentence.
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Bank sand business Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Product development and planning Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Marketing Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Wholesaling Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Retailing Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Pricing Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Computers Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •International business Text
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Dialogue
- •In the international computer company.
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Practice
Grammar Exercises
Exercise 1. Make the sentences negative.
Model: This commercial bank had already stopped to exist when the war started.
This commercial bank hadn't stopped to exist yet when the war started.
1. He had already changed currency when I rang him up yesterday.
2. They had already chartered the commercial bank when I organized my private cafe.
3. He had looked over the financial statement by five o'clock yesterday.
4. My brother had made a career in banking when he was 26.
5. He had put all his money on his savings account before the money reform was introduced.
Exercise 2. Put up four questions of different types (general, special, disjunctive, alternative) to each sentence.
Model: They had written a credit reference letter before he left abroad.
1. Had they written a credit reference letter before he left abroad?
2. What had they written before he left abroad?
3. They had written a credit reference letter before he left abroad, hadn't they?
4. Had they written a credit reference letter or a credit letter before he left abroad?
1. He had been a preferred customer for this bank till his business was successful.
2. My parents half settled everything connected with insurance before they retired on pension.
3. He had borrowed the money before I managed to find him.
4. The lawyer had given me investment advice before I asked him about it.
5. He had arrived to the conclusion to take a long-term loan when I met him yesterday.
LESSON 9
Product development and planning Text
The number of new products coming into the market of western countries every year is overwhelming. The major part of these products is not new, but adaptations. It means that these products are not new, they are existing items to which a modification has been made. Only few products are really original or innovations. For instance a clock-television is an adaptation, but TV-set itself, the refrigerator - each was an innovation. A great number of innovations and adaptations are designed, produced and marketed by small businesses. Very often a new product is formed on the basis of the new business. Sometimes there is a patent to make the business more successful. But it happens very often that market research hasn't been done carefully.
Even in case larger scale producers do more research and testing there is no sure success. A promising new product may be also robbed of success by unreasonable prices, inadequate promotion and poor selling methods. Generally less than one fifth of all new products turn out to be profitable.
Active Vocabulary
product development развитие производства
adaptation что-либо переделанное, приспособленное
modification модификация, видоизменение
innovation нововведение, новшество
patent патент
large scale producer крупный производитель
promising product перспективный продукт
unreasonable price неразумная цена
inadequate недостаточный, не соответствующий требованиям